基于湍流自旋理论的二维方腔旋转流动的数值模拟

基于湍流自旋理论对旋转方腔内不可压流体的流动进行了二维数值模拟,用有限容积法在交叉网格上对控制方程进行离散,采用SIMPLEC算法进行计算,对流项的离散方面采用了延迟修正的QUICK格式,最后采用二维的TDMA算法进行迭代求解,并对边界条件处理采用了Block块技术.同时与经典理论即Navier-Stokes（N-S）方程的模拟情况做了比较.得出下列结论：N-S方程表明方腔旋转时内部流体只会作刚体旋转;而自旋模型表明该类流动具有不平凡性和不稳定性：即流体的内聚力不足以使流体跟随固体边界作刚体运动,旋转边界必然在流体中诱导出小尺度耗散涡旋,这些小尺度涡旋在固壁附近组织出正负相间的拓扑缺陷（涡旋场强）,这一流体定向奇性会与速度场耦合,并容易形成复杂的大尺度的涡旋运动.     

一种故障管理系统的层次化结构设计*

基于故障管理基本原理,提出了一种故障管理系统的层次化结构设计方案,分析了该层次化结构的基本特征,并研究了该结构在高端服务器上的实现技术。实际应用表明,该结构具有可行性,基于该结构实现的故障管理系统可较好地提高服务器可靠性。     

异步脑—机接口的空闲状态检测新方法*

提出一种新的空闲状态检测方法,以训练集中各类运动想象样本的类内散度和正确检测率为指标,结合接收机曲线确定分类阈值,设计最佳三分类器,并采用模糊化技术对预测标签进行处理。将该方法应用于2005年BCI竞赛数据IVc,测试的均方误差为0.278 7。实验结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

无定位图的预测误差差值扩展可逆数据隐藏*

将Tian差值扩展技术应用于彩色图像中,提出一种利用预测误差差值进行扩展嵌入的彩色图像可逆数据隐藏算法。针对传统差值扩展技术存在过分修改像素灰度值、须嵌入定位图等缺点,首先利用色彩分量间的相关性减小差值,并将差值扩展量分散到两个色彩分量中;其次,对直方图平移技术进行改进,使得同等嵌入率下图像质量达到最佳;最后由两个色彩分量中像素的预测值之和决定可用于扩展嵌入的像素,无须保存溢出定位图,提取端在提取信息时可无损地恢复原始图像。实验结果表明,与其他算法相比,该算法在同等嵌入率下可取得更好的图像质量,算法复杂度     

古木建筑榫卯连接M-θ相关曲线模型研究

通过对木结构榫卯连接模型试验及其试验结果分析,得出影响连接刚度的主要因素是替木尺寸,榫头尺寸和卯孔对柱的削弱程度.利用最小二乘法对试验数据进行处理,得出榫头尺寸及卯孔对刚度影响的规律.在原有的3参数幂函数模型的基础上,建立适合木结构榫卯连接的4参数幂函数弯矩-转角的相关曲线模型.本文基本结论可以为古木结构的研究和修缮工作提供一些理论帮助.     

Root growth and phosphorus and potassium uptake by two corn genotypes in the field

In a field study P and K uptake by two corn (Zea mays L.) genotypes which differed in root growth was investigated. The effect of differences in root growth on P and K uptake was assessed using a mechanistic-mathematical model which describes nutrient uptake by growing plant roots in soil. Nitrogen was applied at 0 and 227 kg ha^–1 to Pioneer 3732 and B73xMo17 corn grown on Raub silt loam (fine-silty, mixed, mesic Aquic Argiudoll) and at 227 kg N ha^–1 to these two genotypes on Chalmers silt loam (finesilty, mixed, mesic, Typic Haplaquoll). Root growth and P and K uptake by the two corn genotypes was measured 31, 47, 75 and 91 d after planting on the Raub and 31, 47, 61 and 75 d after planting on the Chalmers soil.Root growth and P and K uptake by B73xMo17 was greater than that of Pioneer 3732 on N-fertilized Raub soil. On Chalmers soil the difference in root growth between the two genotypes resulted in an increase in K but not P uptake. The higher soil P level of the Chalmers appears to have offset possible differences in P uptake due to root size. There were no differences between the two genotypes in either the percentage of roots with root hairs, or the density or length of root hairs. Phosphorus and K uptake calculated with the simulation models for both corn genotypes on both soils over each of three growth periods agreed with observed P (Y = 0.68X + 1.71; r = 0.944^**) and K (Y = 0.88X + 15.52; r = 0.928^**) uptake. Differences in P and K uptake between B73xMo17 and Pioneer 3732 resulted primarily from the difference in root growth in the topsoil. A high correlation was found between root surface area and P (r = 0.893^**) and K (r = 0.928^**) uptake by both corn genotypes on both the soils.Journal paper No. 10,316 Purdue Univ. Agric. Exp. Stn., W. Lafayette, In 47906. Contribution from the Dep. of Agron. This paper was supported in part by a grant from the Tennessee Valley Authority.     

气升式内环流反应器中油滴的分散特性

本文研究了气升式内环流反应器中油滴的分散特性。以对数正态分布密度函数为油滴尺寸的分散模型,导出了油滴的Sauter平均直径解析式。对模型作了实验验证,关联了模型参数。提出了油滴的尺寸分布密度函数和Sauter平均直径的半经验式。结果表明计算值与实验值吻合良好。     

The design and analysis of unequal error protection fountain coding for multiple source networks over binary erasure channels

A novel network model of multiple source fountain coding is developed and a novel class of generic multiple source fountain codes with unequal error protection(UEP)property is proposed.The And–Or tree analysis technique is generalized to analyze the asymptotic performance of the proposed codes and a joint optimization method employing both linear and nonlinear programs is developed to optimize the degree distributions.Furthermore,we propose three basic methods to achieve UEP property and the performance of each method is discussed.We employ these analytical results and optimization method to design and discuss several UEP codes with two and four sources for different application scenarios.Simulation results verify that the proposed codes can be applied to the networks with any number of sources and can provide strong UEP property in various ways based on the proposed three basic methods.     

Biologically adaptive robust mean shift algorithm with Cauchy predator-prey BBO and space variant resolution for unmanned helicopter formation

Visual tracking technology can provide measurement information for unmanned helicopter formation and thus, more attention is being paid to this research area. We propose a novel mean shift （MS） algorithm that is both adaptive and robust for unmanned helicopter formation and apply it to the leading unmanned helicopter tracking. The movement of an unmanned helicopter is very flexible and changeable, which makes the tracking there of more difficulty than for common targets. In creating an algorithm that can adapt to the acceleration of the unmanned helicopter and estimates both the scale and orientation of the movement changes, we combine the traditional MS with the bio-inspired Cauchy predator-prey biogeography-based optimization （CPPBBO） evolutionary algorithm, and also the space variant resolution （SVR） mechanism of the human visual system （MS-CPPBBO-SVR）. To demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method and justify the importance of the CPPBBO algorithm and SVR mechanism at the same time, a series of comparative exper- iments were carried out. The experimental results of the proposed MS-CPPBBO-SVR method are compared with other competitive tracking methods, such as MS, MS with SVR （MS-SVR）, MS-SVR with several other optimization algorithms, and the robust particle filter algorithm. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed tracking approach, MS-CPPBBO-SVR, is more adaptive, robust and efficient in target tracking than the other methods.     

Multipath effects on vector tracking algorithm for GNSS signal

The vector tracking algorithm uses a single extended Kalman filter （EKF） to predict the time-delays and the Doppler deviations of the GNSS signal, while also estimating the user＇s position, velocity, and clock state. In this paper, the effects of multipath on the tracking performance of the vector delay / frequency lock loop （VDFLL） is studied for better application in the multipath environment. The error expressions of the measurements are given in theory. The tracking error caused by multipath is reduced by VDFLL, which is proved by the tracking error of VDFLL through a new iterating method. The theoretical analysis is verified by the Monte Carlo simulation.