Molecular Genetics of Conjunctival Melanoma and Prognostic Value of TERT Promoter Mutation Analysis

The aim of this study was exploration of the genetic background of conjunctival melanoma (CM) and correlation with recurrent and metastatic disease. Twenty-eight CM from the Rotterdam Ocular Melanoma Study group were collected and DNA was isolated from the formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue. Targeted next-generation sequencing was performed using a panel covering GNAQ, GNA11, EIF1AX, BAP1, BRAF, NRAS, c-KIT, PTEN, SF3B1, and TERT genes. Recurrences and metastasis were present in eight (29%) and nine (32%) CM cases, respectively. TERT promoter mutations were most common (54%), but BRAF (46%), NRAS (21%), BAP1 (18%), PTEN (14%), c-KIT (7%), and SF3B1 (4%) mutations were also observed. No mutations in GNAQ, GNA11, and EIF1AX were found. None of the mutations was significantly associated with recurrent disease. Presence of a TERT promoter mutation was associated with metastatic disease (p-value = 0.008). Based on our molecular findings, CM comprises a separate entity within melanoma, although there are overlapping molecular features with uveal melanoma, such as the presence of BAP1 and SF3B1 mutations. This warrants careful interpretation of molecular data, in the light of clinical findings. About three quarter of CM contain drug-targetable mutations, and TERT promoter mutations are correlated to metastatic disease in CM.     

森林植被改善对鄱阳湖流域径流和输沙过程的影响

以河流基流为切入点,研究流域植被调节径流、水土保持等微观作用影响大中型河流湖泊径流过程和水沙过程宏观效应的机理。鄱阳湖流域60年来天然降水没有发生趋势性变化。流域森林覆盖率由34.73%上升到63.00%,植被质量改善,赣江等入湖河流基流增加83 m~3/s,河流输沙量减少。2000年以后和2000年以前相比较,枯水期降水径流系数增大,年流量过程平坦化,一定程度上减小洪灾风险,有利于水资源利用和生态环境保护。2001年以后进入鄱阳湖泥沙平均每年减少1 007×10~4t;出湖泥沙增加314×10~4t。因此,鄱阳湖入江水道由淤积转变为冲刷,但出湖流量过程没有趋势性变化。     

Using the genetic algorithm to enhance nonnegative matrix factorization initialization

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) algorithms have been utilized in a wide range of real applications; however, the performance of NMF is highly dependent on three factors including: (1) choosing a problem dependent cost function; (2) using an effective initialization method to start the updating procedure from a near‐optimal point; and (3) determining the rank of factorized matrices prior to decomposition. Due to the nonconvex nature of the NMF cost function, finding an analytical‐based optimal solution is impossible. This paper is aimed at proposing an efficient initialization method to modify the NMF performance. To widely explore the search space for initializing the factorized matrices in NMF, the island genetic algorithm (IGA) is employed as a diverse multiagent search scheme. To adapt IGA for NMF initialization, we present a specific mutation operator. To assess how the proposed IGA initialization method efficiently enhances NMF performance, we have implemented state‐of‐the‐art initialization methods and applied to the Japanese Female Facial Expression dataset to recognize the facial expression states. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed approach to the compared methods in terms of relative error and fast convergence.     

基于SDNA-GA 优化的模糊神经网络控制

针对最新的生物DNA研究,病毒中同一DNA碱基顺序可以编码出2条或者3条不同的多肽链.在此基础上分析与模仿了重叠基因和重叠密码的机理,得到一种新的基于重叠基因编码框架,从而提高了问题求解的效率;同时,得到一种移码解读框架的DNA遗传算法(SDNA-GA)计算模型,并将其应用于一类广义隶属度型T-S模糊神经网络控制器(GTS-FNNC)的优化设计,实现了GTS-FNNC的在线学习.     

变化环境下“中华水塔”水资源及产流规律变化分析研究

受全球气候变暖的影响,“中华水塔”地区正面临着以“变暖变湿”为主的气候变化。受气候及下垫面条件的综合影响,区域水资源显著增加,各流域产流机理在空间上呈现出明显的地区差异特征。基于“中华水塔”区域1956—2020年水文气象资料,通过趋势、突变、距平等分析方法,分析其水文要素和产流规律的变化趋势、特征及相互之间影响关系。结果表明：近年来“中华水塔”区域气温显著升高,蒸发能力总体增强,区域进入丰水期,降水、径流显著增加,在同等降水径流尺度下,黄河源区产流能力有所降低,长江、澜沧江源区产流能力明显增强;气温升高、降水量持续偏丰以及流域前期影响雨量（蓄水量）增加、枯季径流比例提高、下垫面生态持水能力增强是引起区域产流规律变化、水资源量增加的主要原因。     

紫外诱变柠檬酸生产菌黑曲霉的选育

初步研究了柠檬酸生产菌黑曲霉产柠檬酸的影响因素和培养条件,通过紫外诱变考察了出发菌株的受诱变性,统计了紫外诱变黑曲霉引起的生物学效应,在紫外诱变过程中筛选到一株稳定高产菌株10min-3,产酸增加了5.33%,可作为进一步诱变筛选的出发菌株.     

山西省孝义市近40年气候变化特征分析

为了深入研究山西省孝义市气候变化特征,采用Mann-Kendall检验、滑动T检验及Morlet小波变换等方法对孝义市1975-2015年气候要素进行趋势估计、突变检验、周期分析及发展趋势预测。结果表明:近40年来,孝义市年平均气温呈显著上升趋势,突变年份为1996年,存在32、9 a长周期;年降雨量呈不显著下降趋势,突变年份为1990年,存在32、6 a长周期;年蒸发量呈显著性上升趋势,突变年份为1997年,存在32、10 a长周期;年平均相对湿度呈显著下降趋势,突变年份为1982、2003年,存在15、32 a长周期。孝义市1975-2015年年代际气候经历了"冷湿-暖湿-暖干"的变化过程,预测全境2017-2030年年代际气候将经历"冷湿-暖干"的变化过程。     

异养培养光合细菌产5-氨基乙酰丙酸发酵条件的研究

从废水处理厂的活性污泥中筛选出产5 氨基乙酰丙酸(ALA)的红假单胞菌原始菌株,可产生7 35mg/L的ALA,采用亚硝基胍(NTG)以及紫外线对该菌株进行诱变处理,得到产量为19 12mg/L的菌株C-1。在摇瓶实验过程中,对培养基组成和培养条件进行了初步优化,使菌株产ALA的能力达到了38 9mg/L。     

2016年长江第1号洪水预报及调度影响分析

通过分析2016长江第1号洪水的水雨情发展、洪水组成、水情预报、调度还原计算成果等,解析了该场洪水的暴雨洪水特性、预报对调度的支撑作用以及三峡水库调度对城陵矶河段水位的影响。分析表明：金沙江、乌江来水对第1号洪水起筑底作用,三峡区间洪水则为该场洪水造峰,三者最大1d洪量占三峡入库来水比率分别达26.1%,15.6%,38.1%;第1号洪水期间,水情预报为调度决策提供了长预见期、较高精度的前提支撑,78,54,30,6 h预见期的三峡入库洪峰预报误差分别仅为-20.0%,-10.0%,-4.0%,0;三峡水库在第1号洪水期间通过防洪调度将入库洪峰流量削峰38%,最大拦蓄洪量约29亿m3,削减莲花塘站洪峰水位0.39 m左右,避免了城陵矶河段出现超保证水位。     

潮汐双向流条件下丁坝水流特性研究

以长江口南支河段为原型,概化并建立水槽数学模型,研究径潮双向流条件下丁坝附近的水流结构。研究表明:丁坝一侧河岸,丁坝下游潮差远大于上游,在丁坝上游潮差小于对岸侧,下游潮差大于对岸侧;落潮时,丁坝回流区与壅水区长度大于涨潮,转流时刻,丁坝坝头附近流速相对较大;河床底部剪切应力变化在涨落急时刻最大,且落潮大于涨潮,转流时刻坝头及坝身迎水侧剪切应力增加明显。