A distant-learning training module on the environmental design of urban buildings

The present paper aims to present a distant-learning training module that concerns the environmental design of urban buildings. The whole approach attempts to integrate topics that concern the design of urban buildings from various points of views, e.g. active and passive systems, automation systems, indoor air quality, economic aspects, energy and resources management. The package offers both printed and electronic material that gives the possibility to the students to study the various topics by using different educational methods. Additionally, the present package contains software tools that permit the students to examine real or hypothetical situations and to study further the influence of various parameters that concern the environmental building design.     

Estimation of errors of hydrogen standard time scale preservation taking account of systematic frequency changes

Metrological characteristics of active hydrogen frequency standards are investigated on the basis of internal and external comparisons. The stability of random changes and drift of hydrogen frequency standards and also the potential capabilities of time scale preservation with effective consideration of systematic changes in their frequency are demonstrated. __________ Translated from Izmeritel’naya Tekhnika, No. 3. pp. 42–45, March, 2007.     

Antimicrobial finishing of regular and modified polyethylene terephthalate fabrics

An effective two-stage method has been developed for imparting antimicrobial properties to regular polyethylene terephthalate (R-PET), polyethylene glycol modified polyethylene terephthalate (PEG-M-PET), R-PET/Cotton blend (R-PET/C) and PEG-M-PET/Cotton blend (PEG-M-PET/C) fabrics. The method consists of partial hydrolysis of the fabrics to create carboxylic groups in PET macromolecules followed by subsequent reaction with dimethylalkylbenzyl ammonium chloride (DMABAC) under alkaline conditions. The reaction conditions such as pH, reaction temperature and time, carboxylic content, and DMABAC concentration were studied. Characterization of the finished fabrics was carried out through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR). All the modified PET fabrics showed excellent antibacterial activity towards Gram-positive (Bacillus mycoides), Gram-negative (Escherichia coli), and nonfilamentous fungus (Candida albicans). The achieved antimicrobial functions on the PET fabrics are durable in repeated laundering processes. Even after laundering 10 times the fabrics could still provide more than 85% of its antimicrobial activity against B. mycoides, E. coli, and C. albicans. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Numerical Study of Scale Effects of Ultra-Thin Nickel Beams

Recent experiments have shown that metallic materials display significant size effects when the characteristic length scale of non-uniform plastic deformation is close to a micron. Couple stress plasticity has been developed to explain such phenomena by Fleck and Hutchinson. The mechanical behaviors of ultra-thin nickel beams in different boundary conditions were studied with the hybrid element developed for couple stress plasticity before. Strong scale effects are found when the beam's thickness is close to the material characteristic length scale. Such phenomena will disappear if the beam' s thickness is greatly larger than the material characteristic length scale. The scale effect is the beams inherent property and it does not change with the change of support conditions.     

燃气锅炉运行经济性探讨

文章在对国内现有燃气锅炉的设计参数及运行参数调查、分析的基础上，指出其效率不高的原因，提出了改进措施。     

江苏复杂断块高含水单元改善水驱效果的技术对策

在分析高含水开发单元特点的基础上,针对该阶段剩余油的品位、分布和油水关系极为复杂、挖潜难度大的技术难点,提出了适合江苏复杂断块油田高含水开发单元改善水驱开发效果的思路和工作程序、技术对策,并在真武油田高含水开发单元进行了实际应用,取得了良好的效果.     

长庆油田陕北区原油破乳剂的筛选和复配

实验考察了8种市售水溶性破乳荆对长庆油田陕北区有代表性的宝塔区、安塞和子长原油(均为低硫中间基-石蜡基原油)的脱水效果(加量100mg／L，脱水温度55℃，时间3h)。目前长庆采油一厂使用的YT-100和延炼集团使用的GT-940对这3种原油的脱水效果均较好，但对子长原油的脱水率不高，分别为69．7％和58．9％。在由所选性能较好的破乳刺组成的4种二元复配物中，GT-940 HQ96-1对3种原油的脱水效果均高于单剂，最佳配比分别为4：1，4：1，3：2；其余3种复配物则对原油有选择性，其中GT-940 YT-100相近(97．5％)；YT-100 HQ96-1仅能改善子长原油的脱水效果，配比为4：1时脱水率最高(76．4％)；SP-169 HQ96-1仅能改善宝塔区原油的脱水效果．配比3：2和2：3时脱水率最高(92．9％)。表5参6。     

油气吸收回收系统的研究及工业应用——(Ⅱ)工业试验及效果分析

在油气吸收回收系统中型试验的基础上，开发了常温常压吸收法工业化油气回收系统，并进行了工业应用。结果表明，该油气回收系统平均回收率可达95．13％，每年可回收汽油529t；装车期间装车口周围环境大气中总烃浓度平均降低98．06％。企业通过实施油气回收系统，节能及经济效益明显，且很好地改善了装车场所的作业环境，克服了油气排放带来的安全隐患。     

排气管偏置对PV型旋风分离器性能影响的研究

以Ф300mm、标准PV型旋风分离器为基准模型进行冷态对比实验，研究了排气管与筒体轴线偏心布置对PV型旋风分离器分离性能的影响。结果表明，排气管偏置是进一步提高PV型旋风分离器性能的有效措施之一。在适当的偏心矩和偏置方位下，不仅能降低压降，还可以显著提高分离效率。