基于轴向振型差变化率的空间刚架结构损伤研究

通过结构动态特性参数对损伤位置和损伤程度的敏感性分析,提出以轴向振型差变化率为标示量的空间刚架损伤识别方法。应用ANSYS建立了空间刚架结构无损伤和有损伤的有限元模型,选取轴向振型差变化率作为损伤标示量进行结构损伤识别。结果表明：一阶轴向振型差变化率不但能很好地对单一或多个损伤的损伤位置进行识别,而且可以初步识别损伤程度。将此方法应用到实验刚架模型中,实现了对刚架损伤位置的识别。轴向振型差变化率具有敏感性高、回避空间振动方向性、减少工作量等优点,是一种较理想的空间刚架损伤标示量。     

基于雨流计数变程的疲劳可靠性仿真研究

为评估单个构件在随机载荷作用下的疲劳可靠性,基于应力时间历程的雨流计数变程利用应力-强度干涉理论和Dirlik雨流计数变程的概率密度表达式,假设疲劳极限服从正态分布,得出结构具有无限寿命的可靠度.利用Miner损伤累积理论,假设疲劳寿命服从对数正态分布,考虑Dirlik表达式的参数和损伤累积临界失效值的分散性,假设其服从正态分布,使用Monte-Carlo模拟法获得结构有限寿命下的可靠度.结果显示,虽然应力时间历程的最大范围值大于结构的疲劳极限,但是当其大部分应力小于疲劳极限时,结构仍具有较高的无限寿命可靠度;而有限寿命下的可靠度显示,尽管单个应力时间历程下结构具有较高的无限寿命可靠度,但是经过多次循环后其不发生疲劳失效的可靠度将逐渐降低.     

基于声发射技术的高韧性水泥基复合材料开裂损伤特性

研究了同等抗压强度等级的普通混凝土和高韧性水泥基复合材料的抗弯拉力学性能,采用声发射(AE)技术对比检测和分析了二者在三分点弯曲荷载作用下的开裂损伤规律。力学测试结果表明,高韧性水泥基复合材料具有较高的抗弯拉强度和应变硬化能力。AE检测结果表明,随着普通混凝土强度的增大,AE信号幅度增大,但其AE事件总数增长规律和幅值分布规律与强度无明显关系;高韧性水泥基复合材料AE信号的幅值和分布密度均比同等抗压强度等级的普通混凝土小;普通混凝土试件的断裂过程区主要集中在断裂面附近,而高韧性水泥基复合材料基本已覆盖了整个纯弯段,在细密裂缝的扩展过程中高强纤维对裂尖能量进行了有效的吸收和传递。     

基于损伤容限设计的冶金桥式起重机疲劳寿命研究

以180t×24．85m冶金桥式起重机为研究对象,通过无损探伤发现桥架北主梁的下盖板上有裂纹,应用有限元分析和损伤容限设计方：去对起重机裂纹的疲劳寿命进行计算。结果表明,起重机裂纹扩展到临界尺寸需要大约5年的时间。     

温差引起管子在斜面上的蠕动现象

在斜面上布置管路时,虽然设计上满足了管子自重下滑力与其摩擦力的平衡,但工程实际中管子仍会下滑从而造成变形破坏。详细分析了破坏的原因,认为是由于温差引起管子在斜面上蠕动而造成的。     

Effect of fungal damage on seed composition and quality of soybeans

Fungal damage caused by pathogens such asFusarium, Cercospora, andPhomopsis can have a devastating impact on physical quality and farm price of soybeans. In some price-discount schedules, soybeans may be rejected with as low as 5% fungal damage. Although the severity of this problem varies throughout the United States, millions of bushels of fungus-damaged soybeans may be destroyed annually due to a lack of markets. The effect of fungal damage on seed composition was evaluated to assess potential utility of highly damaged soybeans. Graded samples of the cv. Centennial soybean were dried to 10% moisture and blended on a proportional weight basis to derive a series of treatments from 0 to 80% fungal damage. A positive correlation was found between fungal damage and both protein and oil concentrations. This condition was attributed to loss of residual seed mass. As a result, the protein concentration of defatted meal increased from ca. 54 to 66% over the range of 0 to 80% fungal damage. Mycotoxin contamination appeared to be insignificant in these high-protein meals. Fixed colors in bleached, alkali refined oils were intensified by heat treatment prior to extraction. No significant differences, however, were noted in total polar lipid content, phospholipid, or tocopherol composition among treatments of up to 20% fungal damage. Oils from treatments of more than 40% fungal damage were more severely oxidized and could not be degummed effectively. These data suggest that fungus-damaged soybeans may be blended with high-quality soybeans to alleviate the chemical symptoms associated with unacceptable product quality. Thus, through various blend ratios, processors may consider using fungus-damaged soybeans to gain economic advantage, especially when high-quality soybeans have lower protein concentration.     

灌区建筑物消能的探讨

常规的灌区消能建筑物,消能效果较差,消能效率低,容易在消力池后形成冲掏,采用综合消能不但提高消能效率,而且降低了工程规模和工程造价.     

水泥混凝土路面裂缝破损的原因与防治措施

在水泥混凝土路面施工及使用过程中,常会出现裂缝、变形、接缝损坏、表面破损等现象,通过对原材料的性能及配合比和破损类型进行分析,提出了预防措施,以确保水泥混凝土路面工程的正常运行.     

亚麻棉纱练漂工艺实践

采用氯漂和氧漂相结合的前处理工艺,在氧漂中用尿素代替烧碱,使亚麻棉纱的白度达到了客户要求,且强力下降不多。     

悬浮颗粒对砂岩储层吸水能力影响评价

悬浮颗粒含量和粒径是砂岩油藏注入水水质控制的主要指标之一,评价固相颗粒含量和粒径大小对注水地层吸水能力的影响对于确定合理注入水水质指标十分重要.利用正交试验原理,通过系列实验,系统评价了注入水中固相颗粒含量、粒径、岩芯渗透率及注入孔隙体积之间的相互作用及其对储层渗透性能的影响,利用非线性回归分析技术,通过回归方程获得了储层孔喉与"无伤害"颗粒粒径之间的规律关系,取得了有益的结论,对于油田制定合理的水质控制指标、预测吸水能力变化和制定增注措施具有重要指导意义.