火力发电厂烟气脱硫控制系统介绍

分析了湿法和干法烟气脱硫技术的特点,针对目前国内火力发电厂常用的石灰石洗涤法烟气脱硫系统、海水洗涤法烟气脱硫系统和回流式循环流化床法烟气脱硫系统,介绍了它们的工艺及其控制系统的配置、应用功能,并对控制系统设计与应用中的若干技术问题提出了自己的见解.     

Low-amperage pulsating direct current has a bactericidal effect on marine fish pathogens in circulating seawater

The bactericidal effect of pulsating direct current (PC) generated at a very low amperage (0.01 A) with a frequency of 5 Hz or 14 kHz against two marine fish pathogens, Edwardsiella tarda and Vibrio parahaemolyticus, in circulating seawater at 15 and 25 °C in comparison with the effect of direct current (DC) of the same amperage was investigated. The bactericidal effect was directly correlated with the generation of active chlorine species (ACS) and the treatment duration. PC treatment at 14 kHz resulted in complete bacterial inactivation when the ACS level reached 0.11–0.12 mg/L after 45–60 min of treatment. PC treatment at 5 Hz required generation of only 0.03–0.07 mg/L ACS to achieve complete bacterial inactivation, although a slightly longer treatment duration (60–90 min) was needed. DC treatment resulted in complete disinfection within a shorter time (30 min) due to greater ACS production. The bactericidal effect and ACS generation were weaker at the higher temperature (25 °C) due to more rapid evaporation of Cl₂ gas. The pH of the seawater maintained at ∼8.0. A disinfection study in circulating non-chloride Na₂SO₄ solution at pH 8.0 showed that the electric pulsation did not have notable bactericidal effect up to 14 kHz at 0.2 A.     

海水烟气脱硫工艺在4号炉的应用

介绍了海水烟气脱硫原理和工艺流程及海水烟气脱硫工艺在秦皇岛发电有限责任公司4号炉的应用情况，并对影响海水烟气脱硫的因素进行了分析，并提出了解决这些问题的措施。     

海水淡化和电厂水电热联产

地球上水的总储量是很丰富的，但能够被人类直接利用的淡水资源却非常少。全球目前已有14亿人口缺乏安全清洁的饮用水，即平均每5人中便有1人缺水用。21世纪将是争水的世纪，这已是不争的事实!海水（苦咸水）淡化是解决淡水紧缺的一条最有效的重要战略途径，已成为当今世界各国的共识。 文章分析了人类水的形势、出路及海水淡化的原理和方法，综合介绍了世界和我国海水淡化研究及产业的现状和前景，指出人类淡水应用的广阅前景，并建议工厂尽早开发水电联产的汽轮机组，以拓展工厂产品的市场空间。     

蓬莱19-3油田FPSO防海生物污染装置比选——电解铜铝与次氯酸钠技术分析

针对蓬莱19-3油田FPSO较大的海水处理量,结合电解铜铝技术和次氯酸钠技术的特 点,对这2项防污染技术在该油田FPSO的应用进行比选分析。     

超滤用于海水淡化预处理的研究进展

良好的预处理是保证反渗透(RO)装置长期稳定运行的关键要素之一.与传统预处理技术相比,UF预处理能够有效降低海水的SDI、浊度和TOC等,为RO装置提供优良、稳定的进水,增强RO膜的可靠性.详细评述了近年来国内外采用UF技术作为RO淡化预处理过程的研究和应用进展.此外,对UF膜的污染和控制对策研究进展也作了评述.UF作为膜法海水预处理技术已成为该领域的发展趋势.     

Influence of laser power on the corrosive behavior of laser metal deposited Ti6Al4V+Cu in artificially prepared sea water

Titanium alloy is an excellent corrosion resistance material due to its greater affinity with oxygen when exposed to an aggressive medium such as sea water. The protection against attack is due to the oxidizing fume formed into its surface. This paper reports the effect of laser power on the corrosive behavior of laser metal deposited Ti6Al4V alloy with 5 weight percent (wt. %) copper in freshly prepared artificial sea water. The open circuit potential, potentiodynamic polarization curves, and the scanning electron microscope (SEM) morphologies of the entire Ti6Al4V+5 Cu alloy samples had been investigated and reported. From the results obtained, it can be deduced that the laser power is inversely proportional to the corrosion rate. Sample PL3 deposited with a laser power of 1600 W exhibited the best corrosion rate of 0.0123 mm/year when exposed to sea water under aerated condition. The morphologies of the entire laser deposited samples of the scanning electron microscope (SEM) unveiled typical passivity due to the strong inter-atomic bonds between the α/β phases formed with the copper inclusion within the lattices of the titanium alloy.     

海水中316不锈钢表面Na_2MoO_4与羧酸类缓蚀剂的协同作用机理研究

本文采用电化学阻抗谱测试、极化曲线分析等试验手段对316不锈钢在添加Na2MoO4及羧酸类缓蚀剂海水中的协同作用机理进行了研究。结果表明:Na2MoO4作为一种阳极沉淀膜型缓蚀剂单独作用于316不锈钢表面时,形成一层较基体表面性能更好的保护膜。极化曲线结果表明,Na2MoO4单独作用点蚀击破电位约为580m V,单宁酸单独作用约为600mV,而两者共同作用时使得极化曲线点蚀击破电位正移较多,约为780mV。两者起到了协同增效的作用。     

纳滤软化海水配制驱油聚合物溶液的研究

针对海上油田注聚用水短缺的问题,开展了对纳滤软化海水配制聚丙烯酰胺溶液的研究。考察了不同纳滤软化海水所配制聚丙烯酰胺溶液的粘度,发现配聚用海水经过纳滤软化可使聚丙烯酰胺溶液粘度增加2.7~9.6倍。对软化海水所配聚丙烯酰胺溶液进行了长期稳定性考察,结果表明,NFI的聚丙烯酰胺溶液具有较好的稳定性,90天内溶液粘度保留率在70%以上,且符合油藏温度条件下聚驱溶液粘度在30 mPaos以上的指标要求。     

电导-紫外串联离子色谱法测定海水中的溴、碘离子

建立了电导-紫外串联离子色谱法测定海水中溴、碘离子的分析方法。样品采用滤膜净化处理,选用TSK Super ICA HR保护柱(4 mm×50 mm)和TSK gel Super IC-HR高性能分析柱(4 mm×250 mm),3.2 mmol/L Na2CO3-1.0 mmol/L Na HCO3为淋洗液。抑制电导和紫外检测器同时检测,碘离子使用紫外法检测以消除氯离子干扰。在优化条件下,整个分析过程8 min内完成。溴离子的方法检出限为2.2μg/L,碘离子的方法检出限为3.6μg/L,相对标准偏差(n=8)分别为1.36%~7.38%、1.97%~8.89%。采用加标法测定,回收率分别为94.5%~105.0%、94.9%~106.1%。