高砂比压裂技术研究

应用由美国ＮＳＩ公司引进的“ｓｔｉｍｐｌａｎ”拟三维压裂设计软件，对影响裂缝内支撑剂铺置浓度的诸因素进行了灰色关联度分析，从中找出了主要的影响因素。并以高砂比压裂的技术指标为依据，研究了在目前压裂工艺水平下，进行高砂比压裂所必须遵循的原则。文中还对国内的高砂比压裂进行了实例分析，进一步论证了文中的观点。     

高浓度钢渣粉尘环境发动机空气过滤系统的改进与维护

针对液压挖掘机在高浓度钢渣粉尘作业环境下,钢渣粉尘对发动机的损害,分析了发动机空气滤清器的作用,阐述了传统空气过滤系统存在的问题,提出了改进的方案与维护措施.     

Solubilization of unilamellar liposomes by betaine-type zwitterionic/anionic surfactant systems

The mechanisms governing the solubilizing interactions between zwitterionic/anionic mixed surfactant systems at different molar fractions of the zwitterionic surfactant (X_zwitter) and neutral or electrically charged unilamellar liposomes were investigated. The mixed systems were formed by N-dodecyl-N,N-dimethylbetaine and sodium dodecyl sulfate in the presence of piperazine-1,4-bis-(2-ethanesulfonic acid) buffer at pH 7.20. Unilamellar liposomes formed by egg phosphatidylcholine, in some cases together with stearylamine or phosphatidic acid, were used. Solubilization was detected as a decrease in static light-scattering of liposomes. Two parameters were regarded as corresponding to the effective surfactant/lipid molar ratios (Re) at which the surfactant system (i) saturated the liposomes, Re_sat, and (ii) led to a total solubilization of liposomes, Re_sol. From these parameters the bilayer/aqueous medium surfactant partition coefficients for the saturation (K_sat) and complete bilayer solubilization (K_sol) were determined. When X_zwitter was 0.40, The Re and K parameters showed a maximum, whereas the critical micellar concentration (CMC) of these systems exhibited a minimum, regardless of the electrical charge of bilayers. Given that the ability of the surfactant systems to saturate or solubilize liposomes is inversely related to the Re_sat and Re_sol parameters, these capacities appear to be directly correlated with the CMC of the mixed systems. The similarity of both K_sat and K_sol (particularly for X_zwitter=0.2–0.8) suggests that a similar partition equilibrium governs both the saturation and the complete solubilization of bilayers, the free surfactant concentration (S_a,S_b), remaining almost constant with similar values to the CMC for each mixed system studied.     

柘溪水库泥沙淤积情况调查简介

通过对 1995年柘溪水库泥沙冲淤调查资料的分析 ,对比 196 3年建库时及 1974年库区泥沙冲淤情况 ,获得建库以来库区泥沙沉积率及其泥沙分布的关系曲线 ,可为已建或拟建的同类泥沙淤积分析提供参考。     

水库调水调沙回顾与展望--兼论小浪底水库运用方式研究

作者简要回顾了三门峡、恒山水库调度方式和小浪底工程设计、“八五”攻关和专题研究之运用方式以及碛口、三门峡、小浪底水库联合调度方式等。提出小浪底水库调度应坚持“多年调节泥沙 ,相机排沙”运用方式 ;调控库容应大一些 ,同时要有灵活性 ;充分利用天然大水过程排沙 ,必要时也可相机造峰 ;注重水库联合调水调沙运用及有关技术问题研究     

面向染料清洁生产和染料废水处理的纳滤技术

综述了纳滤膜对含盐染料溶液的分离原理、纳滤膜的选择、纳滤脱盐浓缩工艺过程与应用研究、纳滤处理染料废水与资源化方面的应用研究、纳滤技术的经济性以及应用过程中膜污染的控制。指出利用纳滤技术改进染料生产工艺是可行的,能够实现染料清洁生产,具有明显的经济效益和环境效益;采用纳滤处理染料废水,浓缩液和透过液可以分开处理,易于资源化,并且有利于染料废水的后继处理,是高浓度高含盐染料废水的一种有效处理方法。     

T型薄壁管节点应力集中系数有限元分析

通过有限元的方法,分析了T型薄壁管节点受平面内弯矩作用下的疲劳行为,得到了应力最大值的位置和拟合出用于预测T型薄壁管节点受平面内弯矩作用下的应力集中系数的参数公式。     

Determination of Lateral Extension of Hydrocarbon Concentration Sealing Caprocks by AVO Analysis

The caprock is one of the key factors for a reservoir, especially for a gas reservoir. Whether the caprocks can block off the gas is of significance for the accumulation and preservation of the gas reservoir. In this paper, we use the Amplitude versus offset (AVO) seismic technique to determine the lateral extension of the hydrocarbon concentration sealing caprocks. The essence of this technique is to detect the variations of the reservoir bed physical properties by monitoring the variations of the reflection coefficient of seismic waves upon the interfaces between different lithologies.Generally it is used to indicate hydrocarbon directly. For the hydrocarbon concentration sealing caprocks, the change of hydrocarbon concentration may cause the change of physical properties of the caprocks. Therefore it is possible to evaluate the hydrocarbon concentration sealing ability of the caprocks by AVO. This paper presents a case study using AVO to determine the lateral extension of the hydrocarbon concentration sealing caprocks. The result shows that this method is helpful for the exploration of the region.     

万顷沙西十三涌油轮码头模型试验研究

华隆公司拟在万顷沙西十二涌与十三涌之间兴十三涌３０００Ｔ级油轮港口码头。本文分析了该河段水文泥沙的特性、河道演变趋势及河段稳定性，通过物理模型试验研究及对航道、港池的回淤计算分析，预测工程建成后引起局部水流流态的变化，对水道泄洪、潮排、潮灌的影响，以及港池、航道建成后的泥沙淤积情况。     

Stress concentration and fatigue of profiled reinforcing steels

Stress concentrations arise from profiles of ribbed reinforcing steel bars and in this study the results of calculated stress concentration factors (SCF), by using finite element method, are related to the fatigue test results. It is apparent that the degree of confinement of a ribbed bar embedded in concrete not only affects the magnitude of the ultimate bond stress but also the bond stress-slip relation. Thus the rib geometry or profile pattern is designed for optimum bond characteristics and not for fatigue considerations. However the rib geometry influences the fatigue performance through the SCFs arising from the root radius, width and flank angles of the profiles. It is shown that these latter factors have a significant influence on the fatigue behaviour of reinforcing steel bars.