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81.
J.M Mäkynen J.K Jokiniemi P.P Ahonen E.I Kauppinen R Zilliacus 《Nuclear Engineering and Design》1997,178(1):74
Hygroscopic NaOH, CsI, CsOH and inert Ag aerosol behaviour at different temperatures and relative humidities (RH) has been studied in a well instrumented and controlled vessel of 1.81 m3 total free volume. Homogeneous thermal-hydraulic conditions for aerosol measurement in the vessel were achieved. The aerosol number and mass concentration were measured continuously during the experiments using a Condensation Nucleus Counter and a Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance. The particle size distribution and chemical composition in the test conditions were measured by Berner low pressure impactors. In the case of NaOH the half life of the aerosol mass concentration was more than four times longer at low RH (22%) as compared to high RH (96%). The half lives of the CsOH and CsI aerosols were only twice as long at low RH as compared to high RH. Thus at high RH (96–97%) the half lives of CsOH and CsI were twice as long as the half life for the NaOH aerosol. The faster decay of the NaOH aerosol is due to the smaller density decrease of NaOH during water condensation. CsOH particles grew rapidly to their equilibrium size at all humidities. The measured equilibrium size for CsOH aerosol agree well with the calculated particle size at different RHs. Experimental results were also compared with calculations obtained by severe accident computer codes. These calculated results will be presented in a later paper. 相似文献
82.
根据胜利油区的地层渗透率、孔隙度,在27个低渗透油田和46个中、高渗透油田的放射性同位素测井中进行了粒径为100~300μm、300~600μm、600~900μm放射性同位素131Ba微球粒径选择实验,确定了放射性同位素131Ba微球的选择原则。当油藏渗透率K<100×10-3μm2、孔隙度<20%时,放射性同位素粒径为100~300μm;当油藏渗透率K>100×10-3μm2、孔隙度>20%时,放射性同位素粒径为300~600μm或600~900μm。在此基础上得到胜利油区选用同位素粒径明细表,对于指导施工,提高放射性测井资料的可靠性具有重要意义。 相似文献
83.
Alena Orlov 《Materials Science and Engineering: A》1996,220(1-2):117-122
The present work studies the collection of experimental data from which Raj and Pharr (Mater. Sci. Eng., 81 (1986) 217) deduced a universal empirical dependence of the subgrain size on the applied stress. In accord with their result and some theoretical predictions the normalized subgrain size ds/b was ssumed to be proportional to G/σ (G is the shear modulus, b the Burgers vector length, σ the applied stress). The evaluated factor of proportionality K1, having the value within the interval from 0.76 to 180 in the inspected data sets, was discussed from the point of view of various factors which can influence the experimental data. 相似文献
84.
The effect of the charge fluctuation of dust particles on ion acoustic wave (IAW) excited through ionization instability was investigated. The hydrodynamic equations and linear time-dependent perturbation theory served as the starting point of theory, by which the dispersion relation and growth rate of the IAW were given. By comparing the results with the case of constant dust charges, it was found that the charge fluctuation of dust particles reduces the instability of the wave mode. 相似文献
85.
86.
河口水流、波浪、潮流、泥沙、河床变形二维数学模型 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
根据河口“波浪掀沙,潮流输沙”的泥沙运动机制,引入“波浪幅射应力”反应波浪对水体和泥沙的驱动力.考虑波浪对底部泥沙作用力、波浪对水流挟沙能力的影响及风场对水流和泥沙运动的影响.同时考虑泥沙粒径大小、水体含盐度、含沙量及水流紊动程度等因素对絮凝沉速的影响.用ADI算法求解沿水深平均方程,破开算子法解悬移质不平衡输沙方程及河床变形方程,引入通度概念处理岸滩不规则边界,建立河口水流、波浪、潮流、泥沙、河床变形二维数学模型.通过实测资料及卫星摇感图像对所建数学模型进行检验,表明它可以较好地预测河口泥沙的运动 相似文献
87.
本文首先简述D>0.06mm泥沙的粒析沉降特性及其粒径偏粗的原因。继之对悬沙中粒径大于0.06mm的粒析级配组成机理,及级配组成不同对标准粒径Db与粒析粒径DL关系的影响进行了详细研究。在以上研究工作的基础上,开展了Db与DL的比较试验,得出了粗、中、细型悬沙的Db~DL关系和对DL的改正方法。 相似文献
88.
89.
In our previous works, we have shown that most existing ceramic superconductors can be considered to be built of superconductor-semiconductor composite and we have estimated the change in phonon spectrum of the intrinsic superconductor unit if a semiconductor unit is attached to it. Moreover, the proximity effect under the size quantization condition has been examined in the superconductor-semiconductor composite. Each of the stated effects by itself could causeT
c
enhancement in general as more semiconductor blocks are added to the system. We extend our study in this paper to analyze the combined actions of phonon spectral change and proximity effect without size quantization condition onT
c
variation in members of the Tl1 series of high-T
c
superconductors. Our results indicate that an optimumT
c
is obtained if the stated effects are included in the idealized unit cells of the superconductors made up of a superconductor-semiconductor array. 相似文献
90.
提高大直径井眼机械钻速的几项措施 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着我国西部地区石油勘探开发的进展,5000-7000m的深探井所钻数量不断增多,套管程序增加,特别是大尺寸井眼所钻深度明显加大。由于国产大尺寸钻头结构单一、型号少,破岩机械能量和水力能量不足,在易斜井段目前尚无可靠的防斜保直措施,以及钻井液性能不适宜等原因,大尺寸井眼的钻这远远低于215.9mm井眼的钻速。据此,提出了几项可以提高大尺寸井眼钻速的措施:增加大尺寸钻头的种类,采用阶梯式扩眼钻头,强化钻井参数和水力参数,选用中速动力钻具,改善钻井液性能以及采用冲击旋转钻具等。 相似文献