山形斜管沉淀技术的试验研究

试验证明,山形斜管具有沉淀所需要的良好水力条件,处理原水浊度范围较广等优点。本文提出了山形斜管构造参数的选用意见;做了山形斜管与正六角形斜管的对比试验研究;给出了山形斜管的水力特性参数公式,为山形斜管的实际应用提供了理论依据。     

黄河下游河道输沙規律及小浪底水库对下游河道减淤作用分析

本文根据黄河下游多年实测资料,分析了水流流量、含沙量以及泥沙粒径、河床形态等因素对下游河道输沙能力的影响,探讨了黄河下游河道的输沙规律,并以三门峡水库投入运用后下游实测资料,利用多元回归分析方法,建立并验证了全下游河道输沙率关系式。本文根据黄河下游河道的输沙特性,对小浪底水库的运用方式提出三个方案,分析了不同运用方式对减轻下游河道淤积的作用。结果表明,只要运用得当,减淤效果显著,在水库最初25年运用期内可使下游河道减淤近67亿吨,相当于下游河道17年以上的淤积量,水库拦沙减淤比可达1.1∶1。     

阳离子淀粉的合成及在选矿废水处理中的应用

去除选矿废水中的大量悬浮物需要使用絮凝剂，用正交实验来找到了最主要的影响因素，根据正交实验表，选4因素3水平，主要分析了絮凝荆的各种应用状况，并通过实验说明有机絮凝剂和无机絮凝剂共同使用，其协同效果较等量单独加入更好。     

间歇式活性污泥法--混凝沉淀工艺处理乳制品废水

采用间歇式活性污泥法--混凝沉淀工艺处理乳制品废水,通过治理工程实际运行,当废水中CODCr平均浓度为1 126 mg/L时,去除率为89%以上;平均浓度为700mg/L,去除率为94%以上,出水水质稳定,达到了设计要求.     

常规水处理混凝沉淀工艺中除浊与除铝的相关性研究

饮用水中铝的来源广泛，对人体健康构成危害。首先通过实验证明了水中的铝主要以颗粒形态存在，常规水处理混凝沉淀工艺能大幅度降低水体中铝的含量；进而以实验的方法对混凝剂种类，投药钽，pH值和温度等的影响进行分析，发现上述因素对除浊和除铝都有重要影响，浊度与铝的去除有较强相关性，但除铝对工艺条件的要求比除浊更严格；通过优化，强化常规水处理工艺，在选择混凝剂品种和混凝条件时兼顾除浊和除铝的要求，对生产过程实施有效的监控调节，使出水残余铝达到水质标准的要求是可行的。     

斜管沉淀池沉淀与排泥性能剖析

本文指出目前我国南方出现的由斜管沉淀池到平流沉淀池技术的逆转趋势，是由于斜管沉淀设备的排泥性能缺陷造成的。并且剖析了斜管积泥的原因，提出解决斜管中积泥的途径。最后提出小间距斜板沉淀池是发挥浅池沉淀池技术优势比较理想的更新换代设备。．     

混凝投药控制技术原理与评价

对近年来发展较快的水处理混凝投药控制技术加以分类评述，指出混凝投药串级控制效果优良，有应用发展前途。     

刘家峡水电站坝前与洮河库区淤积发展趋势的分析计算

刘家峡水库自1968年舌水到1991年底，库内共淤积泥沙12亿m3，占总库容的21％，威胁着电站的安全运行．本交通过实测资料分析并结合数学模型计算，对刘家峡水库的淤积发展趋势进行了分析．分析结呆表明：水库中泥沙的冲淤，取决于当年的进出库水沙条件、高水位高低及前期淤积状态等，其中洗河入库流量的大小时排河库区的冲淤起决定性作用．本文还就根本解决刘家峡水库泥沙问题的措施，提出了建议．     

Analysis of ultracentrifugation interference patterns with image digitizer: Application to molecular weight determination of SRM 1478 polystyrene

A new method for the analysis of ultracentrifugation interference patterns with the use of a commercial image digitizer is given. The application of the method to the sedimentation equilibrium data for SRM 1478 polystyrene leads to a weight-average molecular weight of 37 400 g mol⁻¹ having a sample standard deviation of 0.7% and an expected systematic error limit of 2%.     

Numerical simulation of sedimentation in the presence of 2D compressible convection and reconstruction of the particle-radius distribution function

Numerical simulation of the sedimentation of a polydisperse suspension in a convectively unstable medium is presented. For the simulation of 2D compressible convection, the full system of hydrodynamic equations is solved by the explicit MacCormack scheme. Velocities and positions of suspension particles are calculated simultaneously with the solution of the equations. Initially, the particles are randomly distributed in the computational region. The total weight of sedimented matter is recorded during the numerical experiment. The results are compared with the sedimentation of the same suspension without convection. To reconstruct the particle-radius distribution function from the sedimentation curve, a new method is used. This method is based on the solution of the sedimentation integral equation by the Tikhonov regularization method and was recently developed by the author. To illustrate this technique, sedimentation of cement powder in air is simulated. The suspension contains 50000 particles. The particle radii are assumed to be log-normally distributed. Heat-driven convection is completely determined by the top and bottom boundary temperatures of the computational region and lateral boundary conditions. It is shown that convective motions of a medium with sedimented particles lead to the following effect: the fine disperse fraction of the suspension remains suspended much longer than without convection. Some particles will not sediment at all. The maximum radius of the particles of this fraction depends on the convection parameters (e.g. on convection cell size and convection velocities). These parameters, in their turn, depend only on the temperature difference of the top and bottom boundaries. The results of these calculations can be applied in geology and meteorology for studying dust sedimentation in air as well as in technology. Heat-driven convection can be used for separation of suspensions with the cut-off particle radius depending on temperature difference only.