Variational PCA fusion for resolution Pan-sharpening very high imagery

The Pan-sharpening approach based on principle component analysis （PCA） is affected by severe spectral distortion. To address this problem, a new pan-sharpening model based on PCA and variational technique is proposed to construct the substitute image of the first principal component （PC1）. The energy functional consists of three terms. The first term injects PC1 with the geometric structure of the panchromatic （Pan） image. The second term preserves the spectral pattern of the multi-spectral image in the merged result. And the third term guarantees the smoothness of the functional optimization solution. The fusion result is given by the minimum of the energy functional, which is computed with the gradient descend flow. The experiments on QuickBird and IKONOS datasets validate the effectiveness of the proposed model. Compared with the state- of-the-art pan-sharpening approaches, this model exhibits a better trade-off between improving spatial quality and preserving spectral signature of the MS image.     

Measurement of intrinsic rates for homogeneous gas‐phase reactions at high temperatures

A coiled quartz tubular reactor has been designed to measure the intrinsic reaction kinetics for homogeneous reactions at high temperatures up to 1100°C. Actual gas residence times were less than 100 ms. A simple and well‐studied test reaction (i.e., the decomposition of nitrous oxide, N₂O), with published intrinsic kinetics, was used to verify the operation of the experimental reactor. For this system, Peclet numbers (Pe = uL/DL) computed from experimental conversion data were greater than 1000, indicating that the plug flow assumption could be used with this reactor system to determine intrinsic rate expressions with errors of less than 5% for the conditions studied.     

静态吸附法评估膜对油的亲和性

膜对油的亲和性是表征膜的重要指标之一。本文以油粒在微滤膜上吸附性污染的机理及影响因素为基本依据，实验测定了亲油或亲水性不同的几种微滤膜的静态吸附量。研究表明，该吸附量与膜的亲油或亲水性具有明显的关系，膜对油的静态吸附量可表征微滤膜对油的亲和性，该方法简便、实用。     

石化企业发展第三方物流的探讨

在基于第三方物流的初步认识上，对石化企业物流活动现状、发展第三方物流的意义及方式进行分析探讨，以期为管理者决策提供参考，对加强石化企业的经营管理起到一定作用。     

电选在我国磷矿选矿中应用的可能性探讨

国外选矿工作者开展的电选用于磷矿分选的研究和实践表明 :磷矿电选具有分选效果好、生产成本低、不产生废水及环境污染的特点 ,可有效弥补我国现有磷矿选矿工艺存在的不足 ,是我国磷矿选矿值得借鉴和应用的选矿工艺。     

水平矩形管内气液两相流界面波特性

<正>气液两相流中界面波的存在对传热、传质、阻力特性及稳定性都有很大影响。前人有关界面波的研究大多偏重于两相流中界面波的类型及其转变,而对其特征参数变化规律(如振幅、波长、频率和速度等)的研究则很少。但界面波对气液两相流流动阻力和流动结构影响机理的深入研究必须以了解界面波的各特性参数为前提,同时界面波有关特性参数的深入研究也可为气液两相流的数学理论化提供实验基础。 本文以气、水为工质,系统研究了水平矩形管内气液两相流的界面波特性。根据界面波在时域、幅域内的不同特征区别出了各种类型的波并给出了相应的波形和流型图。着重研究了界面波各特征量随气液两相流量变化的变化规律。     

Experimental and Numerical Analysis of the Viscous Fingering Instability of Shear‐Thinning Fluids

Miscible flow displacements in a rectilinear Hele‐Shaw cell of Newtonian as well as rheologically well‐characterized shear‐thinning fluids are examined through experimental measurements and numerical modelling. Water is used as a displacing fluid while the displaced fluid consists of either a reference Newtonian glycerol solution or shear‐thinning solutions of Alcoflood? polymers of different molecular weights. The experimental measurements revealed that the shear‐thinning behaviour of the non‐Newtonian solutions resulted in more complex instability patterns and new finger structures not previously observed in the case of Newtonian displacements are identified and characterized. An analysis of the effects of the rheological behaviour of the shear‐thinning fluids on instability characteristics such as the finger width and finger tip velocity is presented. Numerical simulations using a pseudo‐spectral method are conducted and allowed to compare the predictions of the mathematical model based on an effective Darcy's law with the experimental measurements.     

钯－银合金膜分离氢气的研究

采用厚为５０μｍ的Ｐｄ／Ａｇ（２３）合金膜进行了氢气渗透系数的测定和Ｈ＿２／Ｎ＿２混和气分离的研究，得出温度、压力、膜厚、进料气流量、膜的预处理和再活化及膜表面中毒等因素对氢气渗透的影响。分离Ｈ＿２／Ｎ＿２混和气可获得高纯氢气。     

Promotion of hydrogen permeation on metal-dispersed alumina membranes and its application to a membrane reactor for methane steam reforming

A mesoporous membrane for selective separation of hydrogen was prepared usingthe sol-gel method. Some metal salts such as RuCl₃, Pd(NH₃)₄Cl₂, RhCl₃,, and H ₂PtCl₆, were added to the boehmite sol and coated on a porous alumina substrate before firing at 500°C. It was foundthat the permeability of hydrogen and the separation factor for a hydrogen-nitrogen gaseous mixture of these metaldispersed membranes exceeded the limitations of the Knudsen diffusion mechanism. Although the gas permeation through a neat alumina membrane is governed by the Knudsen diffusion, the metals dispersed in alumina membranes were effective in promoting hydrogen permeation. These metaldispersed alumina membranes were also used in a membrane reactor for methane steam reforming at low temperature. In the temperature range of 300 to 500°C, the membrane reactor attained a methane conversion twice as high as the equilibrium value of the packed bed catalytic reactor system as a result of the selective removal of hydrogen from the reaction system.     

确定流动汽液平衡釜总压的直接法

本文提出了两种由体系温度(T)及汽液相组成(y,x)推算总压(P)的直接法。对二元体系,如果忽略气相非理想性,计算总压的公式如下: 式中P_1~0、P_2~0分别为组分1、2的饱和蒸汽压,P为在y_1~0组成下的总压。 P=y_1x_1P_1~0+y_2x_2P_2~0 式中:y_1、y_2分别为组分1、2的活度系数,可由图解积分法求得。用T、x、y、P均已知的体系数据,对上述两方法进行验算,结果计算值与实验值吻合。此法可直接确定用流动平衡釜测汽液平衡时的总压;对同时测定了T、x、y、P的体系可进行逐点的P检验。