南水北调中线总干渠水头优化分配

南水北调中线总干渠渠道线路长,建筑物数量大、类型多,进行水头优化分配对于节省工程投资,合理的进行总干渠工程布置有着重要的意义.通过优化计算,提出了总干渠水头优化分配方案,确定了3个渠段之间的水头分配值以及各段内分段渠道和各个建筑物的水头分配值,并对方案进行了验证.     

AB活性污泥法污水处理技术的消化和创新

本文介绍漳州市东区污水处理厂AB法设计、运行的特点，总结了安装、运行的效果，提出了今后改进方法。     

聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料板在三清干渠改建工程中的试验

高台县友联灌区三清干渠地处严寒地区，且渠道沿线地质条件较差，影响渠道衬砌改建质量的关键技术问题是防冻胀设计。由于三清干渠附近缺乏垫层料，采用垫层置换防冻胀投资高，且垫层质量难以控制。设计人员根据有关规范要求．结合渠线地质条件．采用聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料保温板进行防冻胀试验，较好地解决了冻胀问题。     

曹店灌区渠道防渗衬砌技术研究

详细介绍了引黄灌区干渠衬砌试验段的设计原则、方案以及冻胀观测技术 ,根据试验结果对不同防渗材料、不同结构形式的渠道衬砌方案的使用效果及经济指标进行了分析。     

宁夏引黄灌区渠道防渗衬砌技术研究

对宁夏引黄灌区渠道防渗衬砌的形式、防渗衬砌效果、渠道防渗衬砌工程的技术指标、冻害特征、防治措施进行了综合应用分析与研究,提出了不同级别渠道适宜的衬砌形式、推广渠道防渗衬砌的技术要求,供灌区节水工程改造、渠道衬砌工程参考。     

城市污水处理系统中砼耐久性的试验研究

本文系统阐述污水环境下砼腐蚀及耐久性问题,分析了引起砼破坏和腐蚀的各种因素,提出采用高性能砼改善污水环境下砼的耐久性。     

浆砌石衬砌在渠道防渗中的应用及对策

总结了浆砌石应用的历史,介绍了浆砌石的结构特性和施工工艺,从造价方面、防渗效果及施工三方面分析了浆砌石衬砌主要存在的问题,并提出了相应的解决对策,指出浆砌石衬砌在渠道防渗应用中应控制施工质量,从而更好地提高防渗效果。     

不锈钢热轧浊环水处理工艺设计

介绍了宝钢集团上海五钢不锈钢长型材热轧工程浊循环水处理的工艺设计，探讨了采用化学除油工艺、自动反清洗过滤器等技术和设备，处理不锈钢热轧浊环水的技术特点。     

Distribution and Fate of Escherichia coli in Lake Michigan Following Contamination with Urban Stormwater and Combined Sewer Overflows

Escherichia coli distribution and persistence in nearshore Lake Michigan were assessed following heavy rains and sanitary sewer overflow (SSO) and combined sewer overflow (CSO) events over a 5-year period, including an 18-day period following 25.4 cm of rainfall in which intensive studies were conducted following multiple CSO and SSO events. E. coli levels in the Milwaukee estuary and harbor following SSO and CSO events ranged from 10⁴ to nearly 10⁵ CFU/100 mL, which were significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) than levels following rainfall alone. Sites outside of the breakwall but within the contamination plume (e.g., within 2 km of the harbor) were an order of magnitude lower. Locations 2–5 km from the harbor ranged from below detection limits, of < 1 to 5 CFU/100 mL. E. coli levels corrected for dilution based on specific conductivity measurements were lower than what would be expected for loss due to dilution alone, suggesting a combination of die-off and dilution, were responsible for the rapid disappearance of these organisms outside of the harbor. E. coli and fecal coliforms measured concurrently demonstrated that fecal coliforms could be recovered longer than E. coli in the open waters of the lake. E. coli isolated directly from sewage treatment plant influent were found to have a marked increase in antibiotic resistance traits for ten antibiotics commonly used in the human population compared with isolates from two animal sources of fecal pollution. However, E. coli obtained from sewage impacted water (n = 2,513) and from stormwater impacted water (n = 1,465) collected the previous year when there were no sewage overflows, were found to have no significant difference (p < 0.05) in the frequency of resistance when comparing the two conditions. E. coli survival characteristics and population dynamics are most likely influenced by multiple factors in complex systems such as the watershed/estuarine/lake environments of the Great Lakes.     

Engset multi‐rate state‐dependent loss models with QoS guarantee

We consider a single link loss system of quasi‐random input, described by the Engset multirate loss model (EnMLM). Blocked calls may once reattempt to be connected to the system requiring less bandwidth; then the system is described by the single retry model for finite sources (f‐SRM). The EnMLM and the f‐SRM are extended with the single threshold finite source model (f‐STM), where calls may attempt to be connected to the system with less bandwidth requirements, according to the link occupancy, before blocking occurs. We focus on CBP equalization in the EnMLM, f‐SRM and f‐STM, under the bandwidth reservation (BR) policy. For this analysis, we apply two approximate methods, the Roberts' method and the method of reverse transition rates (RTR), which lead to a recursive CBP calculation. We evaluate the accuracy of the above models under the BR policy by comparing the analytical with simulation CBP results, based on the relative approximation errors (RAE). The results are highly satisfactory because they show that the proposed models (formulas) lead to small RAE. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.