前坪水库溢洪道高边坡设计方案优化研究

前坪水库溢洪道高边坡的初步设计方案中,开挖边坡坡度为1∶0.5,采用5 m长锚杆Φ25 mm@2×2 m加固支护。通过系统优化研究,调整开挖边坡坡度为1∶0.4,采用10 m长锚杆Φ25 mm@3×3 m加固支护。采用GEO-SLOPE软件对不同工况下前坪水库溢洪道高边坡的稳定性进行了极限平衡分析,并采用FLAC 3D软件计算了不同工况下边坡的应力和变形分布规律。计算结果表明:优化设计方案中溢洪道高边坡开挖后在无水、正常水位及相应地震工况下的安全系数均大于1.3,满足规范要求。按优化设计方案开挖后,边坡在无水、遭遇洪水及地震3种工况下,开挖面上的最大主应力均出现拉应力,3种工况下的最大拉应力为0.24 MPa,小于安山玢岩的抗拉强度。优化设计方案与初步设计阶段的方案相比,可减少土石方开挖量约5万m3,具有显著的经济效益。     

砂性土坡面防护结构抗降雨冲刷性能试验研究

针对砂性土堤防坡面抗雨水冲刷能力弱的工程实际,建立砂性土坡面冲刷试验模型,开展降雨冲刷试验,研究不同砂性土堤防坡面保护层抗冲刷性能。分析降雨条件下不同砂性土堤防坡面保护层的冲刷过程,总结出沙土、膨润土与秸秆三者混合形成的坡面保护层能够抵抗雨水冲刷、保障植物种子顺利成长,便于施工。     

边坡筋锚三维网柔性防护结构的稳定性分析

针对降雨时边坡筋锚三维网柔性防护结构可能沿坡面滑动失稳的问题,基于极限平衡理论,考虑雨水击溅和坡面水流冲刷作用,建立了降雨条件下边坡筋锚三维网柔性防护结构的稳定性分析模型,并进行了实例分析,探讨了边坡倾角、降雨强度、防护结构层厚度、锚钉间距、锚钉锚固长度对防护结构稳定性的影响。结果表明:与无降雨相比,降雨条件下边坡筋锚三维网柔性防护结构受到的下滑力增大,抗滑力减小,防护结构的稳定性明显降低;在相同的防护结构设计参数下,防护结构的稳定性随边坡倾角增加而减小,当坡面形成径流后,降雨强度对防护结构稳定性的影响比较小;在相同的边坡条件下,防护结构的稳定性系数随锚钉间距、结构层厚度的增大而减小,随锚钉锚固长度的增加而增大;锚钉间距和锚固长度对防护结构稳定性的影响最显著,锚钉间距可通过建立的模型合理确定,锚固长度不宜小于0.5 m。     

软土地区旧桩拔除技术和新建桩基础调整方案及施工措施

结合天津南开区某地块定向经济适用房项目,介绍其在基础施工中遇到旧预制方桩时,采用全套管高压喷气、射水振动沉管施工工艺清孔拔桩,并对该工艺进行分析得出:该拔桩施工工艺适用于软土地区旧桩拔除项目;并针对旧桩孔无法回填压实、部分新建桩基础与拔除旧桩孔距离较近等原因导致钻孔倾斜、串孔等问题,提出远离旧桩位置或调整至旧桩桩心位置等方法调整桩位,并采用加大桩径、增设承台等调整方案承担因调整桩位而产生的上部偏心荷载;采用拌和白灰、分层压实、回填静置等措施提高回填土的密实度,采用保证垂直度和调节泥浆配合比等措施,以改善不良施工条件,得出适当增加混凝土充盈系数保证成桩质量等施工经验,为后续类似工程提供借鉴。     

格宾网箱覆绿功能反滤层优化设计研究

格宾网箱应用于边坡工程时具备护坡、覆绿及材料就地利用等多种特点。为了保证格宾网箱中的植被能够稳定存活,并且防止强降雨条件下植被土颗粒的流失,需对格宾网箱填充物进行反滤层的优化设计,从而实现绿色生态护坡的目的。依托北京冬奥会张家口赛区正在实施的“科技冬奥”项目,在模拟当地最大降雨强度条件下,采用自行设计的试验装置开展了反滤层的防冲刷试验,探究反滤层层数、厚度和反滤料粒径对反滤层防冲刷效果的影响,最终确定了格宾网箱覆绿功能反滤层的优化设计。试验结果表明：反滤层层数设置为两层,上下层厚度均为100 mm且上层碎石粒径小于20 mm、下层碎石粒径为20~100 mm时,反滤层的防冲刷效果最佳。     

一种基于并联机构的航天器姿态模拟装置的设计开发

航天器发射升空前进行地面测试和试验是航天器研制过程中的重要环节。文中针对一种基于并联机构的姿态模拟装置的设计开发,从位置分析、速度分析和虚拟样机的建造和仿真分析等方面对3UPS-PU并联机构进行研究,完成姿态模拟装置的设计,为航天器装配、试验和测试设备的设计提供一种新的思路。     

Stability analysis of the sliding process of the west slope in Buzhaoba Open-Pit Mine

To study the stability of the west slope in Buzhaoba Open-Pit Mine and determine the aging stability coefficient during slide mass development, the deformation band of the west slope and the slide mass structure of the 34,600 profile are obtained on the basis of hydrology, geology, and monitoring data.The residual thrust method is utilized to calculate the stability coefficients, which are 1.225 and 1.00 under sound and transfixion conditions, respectively. According to the rock damage and fragmentation and the principle of mechanical parameter degradation, the mechanical models of the slide mass development of the hard and soft rock slopes are established. An integrated model for calculating the slope stability coefficient is built considering water, vibration, and other external factors that pertain to the structural plane damage mechanism and the generating mechanism of the sliding mass. The change curve of the stability coefficient in the slide mass development is obtained from the relevant analyses,and afterwards, the stability control measures are proposed. The analysis results indicate that in the cracking stage of the hard rock, the slope stability coefficient decreases linearly with the increase in the length Lbof the hard rock crack zone. The linear slope is positively correlated to rock cohesion c. In the transfixion stage of the soft rock, the decrease speed of the stability coefficient is positively correlated to the residual strength of the soft rock. When the slope is stable, the stability coefficient is in a quadratic-linear relationship with the decreased height Dh of the side slope and in a linear relationship with anchoring force P.     

Influence of depth-thickness ratio of mining on the stability of a bedding slope with its sliding surface in concave deformation

In order to study the influence of depth-thickness ratio on bedding slope stability, whose sliding surface is flexural concave in shape under mining conditions, this paper aims to study the characteristics of deformation and damage of bedding sliding with depth-thickness ratios of 200:1, 150:1, 120:1, 100:1 and 50:1by adopting numerical simulation analysis software combined with laboratory-made ‘‘under the influence of mining variable sliding surface slope similar simulation test bed", and to propose identification methods for slope stability under the influence of mining. The results show that mining activities under the slope reduce slope stability. With a decrease in the mining depth ratio, the influence of mining on the slope increases gradually, and the damage to the slope gradually expands, the stability of the slope gradually reduces, fracture occurs on the slope toe and the central fissure gradually develops to the surface,and reaches slide threshold when the depth-thickness ratio is 50:1.     

某县绕城路高陡边坡稳定性分析与处治措施?

高边坡稳定性分析与治理是一项复杂的工程问题,工程性质及边坡岩体结构是影响高陡边坡稳定的关键因素。针对某县绕城路开挖后形成的高陡边坡,用定性与定量结合的方法对该边坡进行分析,最终提出了较合理的边坡支护与处治措施,为以后同类型的工程提供借鉴实例。     

基于星模拟器综合误差的星点修正方法的研究

对静态星模拟器的工作原理及星点位置误差的计算方法进行了研究,提出了一种新的星点位置的修正方法。利用这种修正方法能够在现有基础上提高星模拟器的模拟精度,有效降低对静态星模拟器光学系统设计的要求,减小星模拟器综合误差对星模拟器精度的影响。通过实验证明,修正后的星点误差均优于10″,可用于高精度星敏感器的地面标定。