剑阁县宏观经济控制模型

本文应用经济控制论的基本原理和方法,对县级宏观经济系统进行了科学地结构功能分析和发展趋势预测及调控,它全面而客观地反映了该县社会经济发展最本质的规律.模型运行所提供的数据置信度高,对制订县级发展规划有重要的适用价值.     

基于主成分的区域水资源与社会经济的协调度评价

水资源与社会经济系统是个复杂的大系统,若全面刻画这一系统需要相当多的指标,同时也会失去研究的价值。因此本文利用主成分分析法,较全面描述水资源与社会经济发展的七个指标,降阶为三个指标,针对四川各地级市的发展情况,科学地给出各地级市水资源与社会经济发展的协调程度及排名,并对各区域发展存在的不足之处及其未来的发展提出建议。     

The Socio-Economic Impact of Improved Wells in Rural Sierra Leone

The construction of improved wells with the participation of the local communities in rural Sierra Leone is examined. Two chiefdoms were surveyed with four sample villages being examined in depth through questionnaires, interviews, participant observation and quantitative monitoring of water abstraction.
Only 36% of the improved wells were operational in the dry season, and these made a modest contribution to water demand in the villages. Half the water consumption was on the remote farms where improved wells played a negligible role. Social and cultural difficulties with the wells were as important as their dry season desiccation in explaining the minimal impact of the well-digging scheme.
Post-project evaluation by a multi-disciplinary team could provide invaluable inputs to the planning of an ongoing programme.     

Unfair odds? Factors influencing the distribution of electronic gaming machines in Melbourne

Since the rapid proliferation of electronic gaming machines in Australia during the 1990s, it has been recognised that regions of lower socio-economic status have experienced the greatest allocations of these machines. It has generally been argued that market forces are the main reason for this. This paper, addressing the case study of Melbourne, suggests that legislative, historical and cultural factors, among others, might also underpin and re-enforce the emergent spatial inequities.     

水源热泵集中冷热水系统能耗及其效益分析

对水源热泵的能耗进行了分析,表明水源热泵机组的性能系数与水源温度直接相关,并对水源热泵空调系统集中冷热水供水系统夏季空调工况与冬季热泵工况的社会经济效益进行了计算与分析,结果表明,利用水源热泵建立集中冷热水供水系统的社会经济效益显著,具有节能与环保意义.     

Prediction of dust fall concentrations in urban atmospheric environment through support vector regression

Support vector regression (SVR) method is a novel type of learning machine algorithms, which is seldom applied to the development of urban atmospheric quality models under multiple socio-economic factors. This study presents four SVR models by selecting linear, radial basis, spline, and polynomial functions as kernels, respectively for the prediction of urban dust fall levels. The inputs of the models are identified as industrial coal consumption, population density, traffic flow coefficient, and shopping density coefficient. The training and testing results show that the SVR model with radial basis kernel performs better than the other three both in the training and testing processes. In addition, a number of scenario analyses reveal that the most suitable parameters (insensitive loss function e, the parameter to reduce the influence of error C, and discrete level or average distribution of parameters σ) are 0.001,0.5, and 2 000, respectively.     

The digital traces of bubbles: feedback cycles between socio-economic signals in the Bitcoin economy

What is the role of social interactions in the creation of price bubbles? Answering this question requires obtaining collective behavioural traces generated by the activity of a large number of actors. Digital currencies offer a unique possibility to measure socio-economic signals from such digital traces. Here, we focus on Bitcoin, the most popular cryptocurrency. Bitcoin has experienced periods of rapid increase in exchange rates (price) followed by sharp decline; we hypothesize that these fluctuations are largely driven by the interplay between different social phenomena. We thus quantify four socio-economic signals about Bitcoin from large datasets: price on online exchanges, volume of word-of-mouth communication in online social media, volume of information search and user base growth. By using vector autoregression, we identify two positive feedback loops that lead to price bubbles in the absence of exogenous stimuli: one driven by word of mouth, and the other by new Bitcoin adopters. We also observe that spikes in information search, presumably linked to external events, precede drastic price declines. Understanding the interplay between the socio-economic signals we measured can lead to applications beyond cryptocurrencies to other phenomena that leave digital footprints, such as online social network usage.     

从历史角度分析社会经济发展水平与城市美学

从历史的角度对几个重要时期的城市发展进行了分析,揭示出社会经济发展水平与城市美学之间的关系,并结合目前城市美学的一些现状,提出了如何创造城市美,从而提升城市建设水平。     

Prioritization of development interventions in Egyptian slums through an urban appraisal index

ABSTRACT

The evident conflict in upgrading policies between several entities necessitates the crucial need to develop a reliable urban appraisal method to ensure successful interventions. The Egyptian initiative, aims at categorizing them into ‘unsafe’ versus ‘unplanned’ areas. Yet, it has ignored some basic socio-spatial and psychological quality of life indicators. Accordingly, the study aims at strengthening the local-level data collection through testing the reliability of the ‘ISDF’ index versus the two other sets of indicators statistically, by conducting an urban socio-economic survey on 30 different Ashwa’iyyat areas in Egypt.     

试论环境监测与社会经济发展的关系

文章介绍了环境监测与社会经济发展的关系,环境监测为社会经济发展服务。环境监测为环境管理和决策部门提供环境状况、污染物时空分布、环境变化趋势及突发污染事件应急监测等信息,在环境保护的系统工程中起到了至关重要的作用。加强环境监测技术体系的现代化建设,可为提高环境监测数据的准确性、代表性、完整性提供有力的保证。