水气分离集成井降水强夯法试验研究

为了克服降水强夯法处理深度小、降水时间长的缺陷,结合扬中灏港通用码头软土地基处理工程,改进了传统降水强夯工艺,采用水气分离集成井降水联合强夯法进行加固处理。通过在常规真空井点降水强夯和改进降水强夯两个试验区开展现场监测和检测试验,对加固效果进行了对比评价分析,研究结果表明:水气分离集成井降水强夯工艺降水深度可达地表以下5~6 m,夯后孔压消散时间约为1~2天;地基加固后总地表施工期最大沉降量为0.606 m,可有效减小工后沉降;与常规井点降水强夯法相比,改进法加固后土体强度和地基承载力均有较大提高,地基加固效果优势明显。     

非生育期春灌灌水量对土壤盐分变化的影响

通过田间小区试验,分析3个不同滴灌棉田春灌灌水量1350、1800和2250 m3/hm2对盐分变化的影响。试验表明:在相同灌水量下,宽行、窄行和膜间3个不同行距的脱盐效果,宽行最好;3个灌水量下,1800 m3/hm2的灌水量对盐分淋洗效果较好。此结果可为当地春灌提供指导,对制定灌溉制度有一定的借鉴作用。     

边坡工程中抗滑群桩工程特性的数值分析

针对建立抗滑群桩的设计方法问题,分析了抗滑群桩在水平推力作用下的力学行为.以重庆江东边坡的典型断面为例,应用有限元程序CORE3D分析了群桩的桩间颗粒土的土拱区域,结合桩的荷载位移曲线、土拱效应解释了土体应力传递到抗滑桩的规律,通过对影响土拱效应的参数,如桩间距、土体厚度、抗滑桩嵌入深度和桩径等的深入研究,提出了相应的群桩布置参数估算公式.研究成果在重庆江东边坡的防护工程设计中得到了应用,并取得了较好的效果.     

不同石灰配合比对昔格达土性能的影响试验研究

针对攀西地区昔格达土结构颗粒分散、凝聚力小、抗剪强度低、遇水易膨胀软化等不利工程性质,在昔格达土中加入不同配合比的石灰,通过界限含水率试验、击实试验、三轴试验,探究对昔格达土的塑液限、最大干密度、最优含水率、抗剪强度指标的改性效果,并结合工程实际分析了该掺石灰高回填昔格达土边坡多年的使用状况。通过试验发现,随着掺灰量的增加,灰土的塑液限增大,塑限指标减小,最优含水率增大,最大干密度减小,凝聚力和内摩擦角先增加后减小。最后得出结论,石灰土抗剪强度最大值的灰土最佳配合比约为3：7。     

变热流工况土壤导热系数对热恢复特性的影响研究

土壤热恢复特性是土壤源热泵长期稳定高效运行的决定性因素之一.土壤导热系数是土壤热物性最重要的参数之一,对土壤的热恢复特性具有决定性意义.利用ANSYS有限元分析模型,模拟研究在变热流工况下,土壤的导热系数对土壤热恢复特性的影响.     

Investigation of effective dimensionless numbers on initiation of instability in combustion of moisty organic dust简

In this work, the effect of various effective dimensionless numbers and moisture contents on initiation of instability in combustion of moisty organic dust is calculated. To have reliable model, effect of thermal radiation is taken into account. One- dimensional flame structure is divided into three zones： preheat zone, reaction zone and post-flame zone. To investigate pulsating characteristics of flame, governing equations are rewritten in dimensionless space-time （（, r/, ~） coordinates. By solving these newly achieved governing equations and combining them, which is completely discussed in body of article, a new expression is obtained. By solving this equation, it is possible to predict initiation of instability in organic dust flame. According to the obtained results by increasing Lewis number, threshold of instability happens sooner. On the other hand, pulsating is postponed by increasing Damk6hler number, pyrolysis temperature or moisture content. Also, by considering thermal radiation effect, burning velocity predicted by our model is closer to experimental results.     

Cadmium in agricultural soils,vegetables and rice and potential health risk in vicinity of Dabaoshan Mine in Shaoguan,China

Soil cadmium （Cd） contamination resulted from mining and smelting is a major environmental concern,and health risk associated with Cd exposure to multi-media through muti-pathway is increasing.Cd concentrations in soils,vegetables and paddy rice were investigated,and potential non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks exposure to Cd were estimated at six villages around the Dabaoshan Mine,South China.A total of 87 soil samples were found to exceed the China＇s maximum permission level （MPL） for Cd,while the highest value of 4.42 mg/kg was found near irrigation ditch associated with Hengshi River in Xinyi （XY） Village.Cd contents in vegetables and rice exceeded the maximum permissible concentration by more than five times in every village.Cadmium accumulation in plants is in the order of celery 〉 lactuca sativa L 〉 Chinese cabbage 〉 Romaine lettuce 〉 asparagus lettuce 〉 mustard 〉 cabbage mustard 〉 cabbage.The mean hazard quotient （HQ） of all villages is in the range of [5.29,25.75],and the mean values of cancer risk for investigated areas are more than 10 times greater than the USEPA （2009） threshold limit value of 10-4.Moreover,human non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks are mainly attributable to paddy rice intake,followed by vegetables intake,soil ingestion,inhalation,and dermal contact.The results indicate that Cd has a huge potential risk on human health for the local residents.     

Influence of thinning on acidic deposition in Chinese fir plantations简

Acidic deposition,which is mainly caused by atmospheric pollution,is one of the global environmental problems.Thinning is an effective management to improve the tree productivity,reduce the wildfire risk and maintain a healthy forest.Since thinning may reduce the effect of acidic deposition,the effect of thinning on acidic deposition was estimated.The biomass,soil properties,pH value of runoff and groundwater in both unthinned and thinned Chinese fir plantations were measured and compared over a 5-year period（2-6 years after thinning）.The results indicated that acidic deposition in the Huitong State Ecosystem Research Station was serious,and it got worse with time.Forest thinning resulted in a huge change in biomass and soil properties.During the 5-year monitoring period,biomasses of understory and litter,plant species richness,coverage of undergrowth plant layer were significantly higher in thinned site than in unthinned site.Moreover,higher soil fertility as well as lower amounts of runoff and groundwater were found in thinned site.It was suggested that thinning could improve the structure of forest,leading to restoring the effluent（runoff and groundwater） pH to the normal value.     

填料级配对筋土界面特性的影响

不同填料级配对筋土界面特性的影响直接关系到工程的稳定性.通过室内大型直剪试验,研究了颗粒级配、密实度、筋材种类等对于界面强度的影响,深入了解筋土界面抗剪强度以及界面剪胀特性.试验结果表明,粗颗粒和细颗粒土分别与筋材的界面强度要明显大于级配较好的标准砂与筋材的界面强度.密实砂土界面强度具有类似混凝土材料强度高韧性低脆性破坏的特性.对于土工格栅,粗颗粒砂粒由于粒径较大达到峰值强度需要较大的剪切位移.     

超声场强化污泥对流干燥热湿耦合迁移过程的数值模拟

为理论上有效预测超声作用对污泥对流干燥过程的影响,基于非平衡热力学理论,建立了超声场作用下污泥对流干燥热湿耦合迁移过程的数学模型.对不同声能密度作用下污泥内部温度及湿度场分布进行数值模拟.结果表明,超声作用可以有效加速污泥内部的湿迁移过程,但超声强化效果随污泥厚度增大而逐渐减弱.此外,超声热效应使污泥温度有所升高,但污泥内部的温度梯度却略有降低,因此,污泥内部由温度梯度引起的湿分扩散并未因超声波作用而得到强化.