一种消除阶梯效应的图像分解新模型

针对TV-L1分解模型在进行图像分解时所得到的结构部分有阶梯效应的问题,本文提出一种改进的图像分解模型即GJTV-L1模型。该模型首先得到结构部分的切向量场,由切向量场可得到结构部分的法向量场,然后拟合法向量场得到重构图像,即结构部分。通过仿真实验,验证了GJTV-L1模型和算法的合理性及有效性。     

介观压阻效应电磁驱动微机械陀螺仪的设计与测试

将共振隧穿二极管具有的介观压阻效应与哥氏效应结合应用于陀螺的设计中,提出了一种新型的采用回折型正交梁的陀螺结构。结合现在的工艺水平,设计了合理的加工工艺方案,并进行了加工与封装。通过对封装后的陀螺进行驱动方向测试,得到了固有频率的范围;检测方向上利用振动台对陀螺灵敏度进行了测试,得到在1kHz和4kHz时的测试灵敏度分别为7.51mV/gn、100.74mV/gn。     

Origin7.5在光电效应实验数据处理中的应用

应用Origin7.5软件能够快速准确处理光电效应实验数据,能够对辅助处理物理实验数据非常有效。     

隐式曲面上图像扩散的高阶模型

用零水平集函数表达3维曲面,应用曲面上图像梯度的切投影表达其内蕴梯度,把基于梯度的图像扩散变分模型从平面图像拓展到了隐式曲面上的图像处理。基于内蕴梯度的变分模型对曲面上的图像进行扩散的同时可有效地保持其边缘,但像平面图像扩散的变分模型一样会在本该光滑的区域产生明显的阶梯效应。为消除阶梯效应,引入内蕴散度建立了基于内蕴梯度和内蕴散度的隐式曲面上图像扩散的变分模型,并以TV (total variation) 模型、PM(peronamalik)模型为例对所提出的模型的有效性进行了数值验证,实验结果表明该类模型在保持图像边缘的同时可以有效地抑制阶梯效应。     

水声CDMA多用户通信系统仿真研究

针对水声环境通信系统码间干扰和相位偏移问题是水下多用户通信面临的主要问题,水下有限的发射功率使接收机对远距离用户信号的接收性能较低。提出了一种水声码分多址多用户通信系统,系统采用多输入多输出(M IMO)判决反馈均衡器补偿码间干扰、抑制多址干扰,同时利用扩频增益提高接收性能并进行仿真验证。计算机仿真结果表明,当扩频码长度为15、输入信噪比为16dB、远距离用户信号功率比近距离用户低14dB时,接收机能够对各用户信号无误码地接收,证明了系统的有效性。     

改进的遗传算法在污水管网中的应用

城市污水管网中各级泵站密切相关,泵站间由于链级制抑而协调性差,导致整个管网运行效率不高,甚至引起污水外溢。因此,本文提出了一种改进式遗传算法并应用于管网中各级泵站节点,从而使管网流入流出平衡,链级效应消失,整个污水排放系统处于最佳状态,同时降低了各级泵站能耗,提升了管网的运行效率。     

Estimation of soil clay and calcium carbonate using laboratory, field and airborne hyperspectral measurements

This paper examines how reflectance spectrometry used in the laboratory to estimate clay and calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) soil contents can be applied to field and airborne measurements for soil property mapping. A continuum removal (CR) technique quantifying specific absorption features of clay (2206 nm) and CaCO₃ (2341 nm) was applied to laboratory, field and airborne HYMAP reflectance measurements collected in 2003 (33 sites) and 2005 (19 sites) over bare soil sites of a few meters within the La Peyne Valley area, southern France. Nine intermediate stages from the laboratory up to HYMAP sensor measurements were considered for separately evaluating the possible degradation of estimation performances when going across scales and sensors, e.g. radiometric calibration, spectral resolution, spatial variability, illumination conditions, and surface status including roughness, soil moisture and presence and nature of pebbles.Significant relationships were observed between clay and CaCO₃ contents and CR values computed respectively at 2206 nm and 2341 nm from reflectance measurements at the laboratory level with an ASD spectrophotometer up to the HYMAP spectro-imaging sensor. Performances of clay and CaCO₃ estimations decreased from the laboratory to airborne scales. The main factors inducing uncertainties in the estimates were radiometric and wavelength calibration uncertainties of the HYMAP sensor as well as possible residual atmospheric effects.     

Existence and global exponential stability of periodic solutions of recurrent cellular neural networks with impulses and delays

By using the continuation theorem of coincidence degree theory and constructing suitable Lyapunov functions, we study the existence, uniqueness and global exponential stability of periodic solutions for recurrent neural networks with impulsive perturbations and delays. Further, by using numerical simulation method, the influences of the impulsive perturbations on the inherent oscillations are investigated.     

Kelvin Probe measurements of polymer coated gold substrates: Mechanism studies

The origin of work-function changes induced in polymer/metal structures (polyacrylic acid (PAA), ammonium and sodium polyacrylate) upon ammonia exposure is studied. To understand and explain the mechanism systematic measurements of uncoated and polymer coated metals are performed in Kelvin Probe (KP) setups. Additional data have been acquired through gravimetric and electrochemical experiments (cyclic voltammetry (CV)). The results obtained confirm that the field effect sensitive processes are taking place at the metal/polymer interface and allow their modelling. The intrinsic sensitivity of metallic samples upon ammonia exposure is influenced by the presence of coating polymers, by their ability to sorb water and to keep the metal surface wet or dry.     

Temperature compensation of fluorescence intensity-based fiber-optic oxygen sensors using modified Stern–Volmer model

In practical sensing applications, temperature effects are of particular concern, and hence it is necessary to develop the means to correct the fluorescence intensity measurement in accordance with the working temperature. Accordingly, this study develops a modified Stern–Volmer model to compensate for the temperature drift of oxygen concentration measurements obtained using fiber-optic sensors. The oxygen sensors considered in this study are based on teraethylorthosilane (TEOS)/n-octyltriethoxysilane (Octyl-triEOS) or n-propyltrimethoxysilane (n-propyl-TriMOS)/3,3,3-trifluoropropyltrimethoxysilane (TFP-TriMOS) composite xerogels doped with platinum meso-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphine (PtTFPP).

The experimental results are fitted to the modified Stern–Volmer model in order to compute suitable values for a temperature compensation coefficient at different working temperatures. It is found that the proposed temperature compensation method reduces the difference in the oxygen concentration measurement for working temperatures in the range of 25–70 °C as compared to data without compensation. The linearity and sensitivity of PtTFPP-doped n-propyl-TriMOS/TFP-TriMOS sensor are better than PtTFPP-doped TEOS/Octyl-triEOS sensor for working temperatures in the range of 25–70 °C.

The proposed approach could provide a straightforward and effective means of improving the accuracy of fiber-optic oxygen sensors if a variable attenuator is designed according to the temperature compensation coefficient. Thus, the fiber-optic oxygen sensor with a variable attenuator could work in a broad temperature range without using a temperature sensor.