脉冲加热方法铌热物性参数的动态测量

提出积分球反射法脉冲加热技术测量材料热物性的方法,研制的脉冲加热瞬态热物性测量装置能同时测量铌带状试样温度范围在1100-2700K的比热容、电阻率、全波长半球发射率.装置中高速高温计测量试样的辐射温度,积分球反射计测量试样的法向光谱发射率,即可得出带状试样的真实温度.再通过测得的试样上的电压、电流等数据经计算获得其他热物性参数.对国外的标准铌试样进行了测试,所得测量数据与国外同行数据进行了比对,具有较好的一致性.实验结果表明:比热容测量不确定度为5%,全波长半球发射率测量不确定度为3.5%,电阻率的测量不确定度为3.6%,测量数据可作为航天、军事和民用领域材料应用的设计依据.     

温度和初始颗粒大小对絮体破碎再絮凝的研究

鉴于絮体的形成/破碎/再絮凝过程在适当条件下具有强化去除水中颗粒物的效果,研究温度和初始颗粒大小对絮体破碎再絮凝去除水中颗粒的影响.采用PDA2000透光率脉动检测仪对絮体破碎再絮凝过程进行在线监测.结果表明,在较低温度条件下,絮体破碎后能有较大的恢复率;初始颗粒越大,絮体大小恢复率越高,由较小初始颗粒产生的絮体经破碎后再絮凝其再生能力不如大颗粒,沉后水浊度与大颗粒相比不具有降低优势.当电中和机理占主导作用时,絮体破碎后能重新絮凝,絮体大小能恢复到破碎之前;而当网捕卷扫机理占主导作用时,絮体的恢复能力不如电中和条件,再絮凝能力降低.絮体破碎后再絮凝的沉后水浊度明显低于破碎前,水温对其结果的影响不大.絮体破碎后再絮凝,适用于较大的初始颗粒和较低水温.     

温差-超声波复合破壁法对花粉破壁率和黄酮得率的影响

采用温差破壁结合超声波辅助的复合花粉破壁法对花粉进行破壁,考察了不同的温差破壁因素对花粉破壁率和黄酮得率的影响,并以黄酮得率为指标进行正交试验L9（3^3）优化因素,得到温差破壁的最佳工艺条件为：温差100℃、料液比1：15、冷冻时间24h,此条件下花粉破壁率为61．61％,黄酮得率为3．166％．进一步用超声辅助对花粉进行破壁,使其破壁率达到85％～90％,黄酮得率提高到3．310％．同时,通过试验分析阐述了破壁率和黄酮得率两者的联系．     

PSO-CMAC网络在温室数据融合中的应用

温室易受各种环境因素影响,从而可能导致在室内不同点的温度、湿度、光照度值不均匀,为了获得温度的准确值,将PSO算法的全局优化能力和CMAC网络局部逼近、学习速度快的能力相结合,优化CMAC网络的权值,提出了一种基于PSO的CMAC网络数据融合算法,使得最终得到的数据更加准确、有效,为温室管理提供了精确的信息。仿真结果表明,采用该方法提高了温室各监测量采集的准确性、有效地避免了由于传感器失效引起的误差,能够获得温室准确有效的信息,提高温室控制的有效性与准确性。     

我国基坑工程发展现状综述

分析了国内外基坑工程的发展和研究现状;详细介绍了我国基坑工程的主要支护类型,包括水泥土墙、土钉墙、锚杆、排桩与地下连续墙等;最后分析了我国基坑工程存在的主要问题,并展望了今后的发展趋势。     

电力变压器铁芯温度场分布的数值模拟及分析

应用ANSYS有限元软件的顺序耦合法,分析了变压器的电磁场分布,并将电磁场分析结果作为热生成率载荷,得到干式电力变压器铁芯的内部温度场分布.该方法可有效减少变压器的设计成本,也可以对已运行的设备进行电磁场和热场分布的分析.     

电气设备红外测温影响因数及温度修正

红外测温在电气设备温度测量的应用日趋广泛,但是测温精度易受外界干扰.研究了影响红外测温的3个主要因素,即设备发射率、大气衰减、环境因素,并提出了解决方法.通过实验采用修正算法得出了准确的温度数据,同时利用两种比较法来对修正后的温度进行判断.     

Digital monitoring for heavy duty mechanical equipment based on fiber Bragg grating sensor

The digital monitoring principle and technologies for heavy duty mechanical equipment based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) technology are introduced in this paper. The fundamentals of new-style FBG sensing technology, including the photorefractive effect of FBG, the physical formation, and the relation between optical properties and grating parameters, are investigated. The plaster, encapsulation and distribution planning of FBG sensor (FBGS), which is used to monitor heavy duty mechanical equipment under abominable environment and extreme conditions, are also studied. In addition, theoretical and experimental researches on the strain, temperature, displacement, and stress transmission characteristics between FBGS and detection interface are presented. The principle and method for temperature compensation in non-uniformity temperature field are described in detail as well. Comparing with the traditional sensing monitoring techniques, the application of FBGS technology on digital monitoring and diagnosis for heavy duty mechanical equipment has a number of significant technical advantages and will make a new breakthrough in this field.     

Effect of coagulation temperature on structures and properties of poly(<Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-phenylene benzobisoxazole) (DHPBO) fibers during dry-jet wet-spinning process

The effect of coagulation temperature on the morphology, microstructures and mechanical properties of dihydroxy poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) (DHPBO) fibers was investigated during dry-jet wet-spinning process, in which the coagulation bath concentration and drawn ratio were kept as 10 wt% of PPA in water and 1.7, respectively. The structures and mechanical properties of the as-spun DHPBO fibers were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM, and single fiber tensile testing. The results indicated that in PPA/H₂O coagulation system, when the coagulation temperature was 25°C, highly crystallized DHPBO as-spun fibers possessing fine crystallites, circular and smooth morphology, and excellent mechanical properties could be achieved. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50673017), Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (Grant No. B603) and the Program of Introducing Taleuts of Discipline to University of People’s Republic of China (“111” Program) (Grant No. 111-2-04)     

Development of Zr/ZrO<Subscript>2</Subscript> high temperature and high pressure sensors for <Emphasis Type="Italic">in-situ</Emphasis> measuring chemical parameters of deep-sea water

In order to in situ measure chemical parameters of deep-sea water and hydrothermal fluids at midocean ridge(MOR), it is necessary to use high temperature and high pressure chemical sensors.Developing new sensors is essential to measure in-situ pH and other chemical parameters(dissolved H2, dissolved H2S) of deep-sea water and hydrothermal fluids in a wide temperature range(2℃―400℃) at MOR vents.The YSZ(Yttria Stabilized Zirconia, 9%Y2O3) ceramic-based(HgO/Hg) chemical sensors possess excellent electrochemic...