一种基于时空兴趣点和光流法的行人检测方法

为解决视频监控系统中帧差光流法在光照变化大时对目标检测存在误差大的问题,提出一种基于时空兴趣点的目标检测算法。从光流的行人目标提取着手,首先对图像序列进行高斯滤波、Gabor滤波,提取到兴趣点集,然后对兴趣点集提取运动目标区域,接着在一定区域进行光流计算,识别并跟踪目标。实验结果表明,该方法的准确率比传统的帧差光流法的准确率高,且在简单的实际场景中更有效。     

材料浓缩技术温度测控方法的研究

针对机械式蒸汽再压缩浓缩技术对二次蒸汽温度不能进行实时监控,产生能源浪费的问题,采用西门子S7 200PLC控制器为核心元件搭建一套实时监控系统对二次蒸汽温度进行监控.该系统在计算机软件驱动下,运用比例积分微分指令模块构建闭环反馈调节系统对二次蒸汽温度进行调控,并用仿真软件对闭环反馈调节系统进行模拟.针对压缩机能耗问题,在电动机上串联变频器,通过可编程逻辑控制器控制变频器,改变电动机的转速降低能耗。研究表明,闭环反馈调节系统能够实现对二次蒸汽温度的实时控制,且人机界面可以直接监控系统的运转状况,并通过变频器改变电动机的工作频率可以降低能耗.该系统组建简单方便,适合对机械式蒸汽再压缩浓缩系统进行实时监控.     

涵盖分布式新能源业务的营销服务体系研究

通过调研深入分析和研究了分布式新能源各主体的业务需求,利用移动互联网技术和大数据等先进信息通信技术,以客户为中心,从社会化服务框架、定制化服务内容和跨界信息化服务平台3个角度构建了涵盖分布式新能源各业务主体在内的新型营销信息化服务体系。其中,基于新能源运营数据信息和调研结果,研究并建立了面向各相关业务主体的社会化服务框架;根据研究得到的社会化服务框架和调研分析结果,设计了针对各业务主体的定制化服务内容;最后,基于大数据技术及各业务主体互动沟通的需要,构建了包含互动服务渠道和互动服务内容在内的跨界信息化服务平台,为相关社会主体提供快捷、流畅、愉悦兼具个性化的服务,满足了多变的市场需求。     

多体动力学优化的并行SQP方法

并行计算的发展大大提高计算机的计算效率,降低计算时间.针对多体动力学的优化问题,分析了求解灵敏度的三种方法的并行性,建立了有限差分法与直接微分法的并行算法.同时采用并行Armijo线性搜索,构成了完整的并行序列二次规划(SQP)算法.将上述算法应用到曲柄滑块的优化中,并与串行SQP算法进行了比较,证实了并行SQP算法可以大大降低计算时间.上述研究为多体动力学优化提供了一种并行求解思路.     

基于分数阶微分的高斯噪声图像信息提取算法

考虑分数阶微分对信号处理的性质与特点,提出一种基于分数阶微分的信息提取算法。首先针对各种系数高斯噪声的图像进行信息提取,并与Roberts、Prewitt、Sobel整数阶经典算子对图像信息提取的结果进行分析比较。实验证明,利用分数阶微分不但能提取整数阶算子的高频边缘信息,还能提取平滑区域的纹理信息,并对高斯噪声具有一定程度的抗噪性。     

基于改进eRCNN的局部路网交通流预测

针对误差反馈循环卷积神经网络在运用到短时交通流预测时存在仅仅能接收时序误差序列,忽略交通流误差数据中隐含的空间拓扑特征,且在模型初始化时其采用的通用卷积神经网络初始化方法降低了模型训练效率的问题,本文提出一种优化的误差反馈循环卷积神经网络模型,在误差反馈循环卷积神经网络模型基础上根据预测误差数据的时空特性对误差反馈层进行结构强化,能够处理包含简单空间关系的误差序列。同时通过在模型训练的过程中分离模型产生的历史预测误差和训练误差,使得模型构建过程更加高效,加速了模型收敛速度。通过北京市四环道路交通数据的实验表明,优化的误差反馈循环卷积神经网络预测模型在预测精度、构建效率及鲁棒性上均得到有效提高。     

Regulation effect of osteoblasts towards osteocytes by silk fibroin encapsulation

Herein, the rational design micromilieus involved silk fibroin (SF)-based materials have been used to encapsulate the osteoblasts, forming an extracellular coated shell on the cells, which exhibited the high potential to shift the regulation of osteoblasts to osteocytes by encapsulation cues. SF coating treated cells showed a change in cell morphology from osteoblasts-like to osteocytes-like shape compared with untreated ones. Moreover, the expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), collagen I (Col I) and osteocalcin (OCN) further indicated a potential approach for inducing osteoblasts regulation, which typically accelerates calcium deposition and cell calcification, presenting a key role for the SF encapsulation in controlling osteoblasts behavior. This discovery showed that SF-based cell encapsulation could be used for osteoblasts behavior regulation, which offers a great potential to modulate mammalian cells’ phenotype involving alternating surrounding cues.     

Water-Soluble,Alanine-Modified Fullerene C60 Promotes the Proliferation and Neuronal Differentiation of Neural Stem Cells

As carbon-based nanomaterials, water-soluble C₆₀ derivatives have potential applications in various fields of biomedicine. In this study, a water-soluble fullerene C₆₀ derivative bearing alanine residues (Ala-C₆₀) was synthesized. The effects of Ala-C₆₀ on neural stem cells (NSCs) as seed cells were explored. Ala-C₆₀ can promote the proliferation of NSCs, induce NSCs to differentiate into neurons, and inhibit the migration of NSCs. Most importantly, the Ala-C₆₀ can significantly increase the cell viability of NSCs treated with hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). The glutathioneperoxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and glutathione (GSH) content increased significantly in NSCs treated even by 20 μM Ala-C₆₀. These findings strongly indicate that Ala-C₆₀ has high potential to be applied as a scaffold with NSCs for regeneration in nerve tissue engineering for diseases related to the nervous system.     

Towards 3D Bioprinted Spinal Cord Organoids

Three-dimensional (3D) cultures, so-called organoids, have emerged as an attractive tool for disease modeling and therapeutic innovations. Here, we aim to determine if boundary cap neural crest stem cells (BC) can survive and differentiate in gelatin-based 3D bioprinted bioink scaffolds in order to establish an enabling technology for the fabrication of spinal cord organoids on a chip. BC previously demonstrated the ability to support survival and differentiation of co-implanted or co-cultured cells and supported motor neuron survival in excitotoxically challenged spinal cord slice cultures. We tested different combinations of bioink and cross-linked material, analyzed the survival of BC on the surface and inside the scaffolds, and then tested if human iPSC-derived neural cells (motor neuron precursors and astrocytes) can be printed with the same protocol, which was developed for BC. We showed that this protocol is applicable for human cells. Neural differentiation was more prominent in the peripheral compared to central parts of the printed construct, presumably because of easier access to differentiation-promoting factors in the medium. These findings show that the gelatin-based and enzymatically cross-linked hydrogel is a suitable bioink for building a multicellular, bioprinted spinal cord organoid, but that further measures are still required to achieve uniform neural differentiation.     

Self-Renewal and Cancers of the Gastric Epithelium: An Update and the Role of the Lectin TFF1 as an Antral Tumor Suppressor

In 2020, gastric cancer was the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths globally. About 90% of gastric cancers are sporadic and the vast majority are correlated with Helicobacter pylori infection; whereas familial clustering is observed in about 10% of cases. Gastric cancer is now considered to be a disease originating from dysregulated self-renewal of the gastric glands in the setting of an inflammatory environment. The human stomach contains two types of gastric units, which show bi-directional self-renewal from a complex variety of stem cells. This review focuses on recent progress concerning the characterization of the different stem cell populations and the mainly mesenchymal signals triggering their stepwise differentiation as well as the genesis of pre-cancerous lesions and carcinogenesis. Furthermore, a model is presented (Lectin-triggered Receptor Blocking Hypothesis) explaining the role of the lectin TFF1 as an antral tumor suppressor possibly regulating Lgr5⁺ antral stem cells in a paracrine or maybe autocrine fashion, with neighboring antral gland cells having a role as niche cells.