Ni-Ti-Nb合金的热物理性能的测定

对Ni-Ti-Nb宽滞后形状记忆合金的热膨胀系数、比热容、热扩散率和导热系数的测定和分析结果表明,Ni47Ti44Nb9合金在30℃～300℃之间的平均线膨胀系数为11.43×10-6/℃。从热膨胀系数温度的曲线和比热容温度的曲线可以看出,这两条曲线相似且变化趋势相同。除了在80℃～120℃之间导热系数有波动外,导热系数曲线与热扩散率曲线基本上一致。     

Microstructure and electric properties of Sip/Al composites for electronic packaging applications

Sip/1 199, Sip/4032 and Sip/4019 environment-friendly composites for electronic packaging applications with high volume fraction of Si particles were fabricated by squeeze-casting technology. Effects of microstructure, panicle volume fraction, panicle size, matrix alloy and heat treatment on the electrical properties of composites were discussed, and the electrical conductivity was calculated by theoretical models. It is shown that the Si/Al interfaces are clean and do not have interface reaction products. For the same matrix alloy, the electrical conductivity of composites decreases with increasing the reinforcement volume fraction. As for the same panicle content, the electrical conductivity of composites decreases with increasing the alloying element content of matrix. Panicle size has little effects on the electrical conductivity. Electrical conductivity of composites increases slightly after annealing treatment. The electrical conductivity of composites calculated by P.G model is consistent with the experimental results.     

固体氧化物燃料电池阴极材料的研究进展

简述了固体氧化物燃料电池阴极材料研究近况及重要进展。     

室温离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑磷酸二丁酯的电导率研究

利用磷酸三丁酯与N-甲基咪唑在恒温150℃下一步合成了离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑磷酸二丁酯,考察了其在丙酮,水,DMF,乙酸溶剂中的电导率及摩尔电导率。实验发现该离子液体在不同溶剂中的电导率(κ)相差很大,其顺序为κa(水)>κb(DMF)>κc(丙酮)>κd(乙酸)。在相同温度下,电导率及摩尔电导率随浓度的增大而增大;在相同浓度下,电导率及摩尔电导率随温度的升高而增大。     

直接甲醇燃料电池用新型质子交换膜的研究

以聚醚醚酮(PEEK)为原料,浓硫酸为磺化剂制备了不同磺化度的磺化聚醚醚酮(SPEEK)膜,以及磺化聚醚醚酮与聚乙烯醇(PVA)、正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)、磷钨酸的复合膜.分别对膜的电导率、阻醇性能和吸水率进行了研究.随着SPEEK膜磺化度的增大,膜的电导率有所提高,然而甲醇渗透系数也增大,膜的机械强度明显降低.SPEEK膜的吸水率低于Nafion 115膜,而PVA膜的吸水率则过高.     

Composite alkaline polymer electrolytes and its application to nickel-metal hydride batteries

In order to enhance the ionic conductivity of polyethylene oxide (PEO)-KOH based alkaline polymer electrolytes, three types of nano-powders, i.e., TiO₂, β-Al₂O₃ and SiO₂ were added to PEO-KOH complex, respectively, and the corresponding composite alkaline polymer electrolytes were prepared. The experimental results showed that the prepared polymer electrolytes exhibited higher ionic conductivities at room temperature, typically 10⁻³ S cm⁻¹ as measured by ac impedance method, and good electrochemical stability. The electrochemical stability window of ca. 1.6 V was determined by cyclic voltammetry with stainless steel blocking electrodes. The influence of the film composition such as KOH, H₂O and nano-additives on ion conductivity was investigated and explained. The temperature dependence of conductivity was also determined. In addition, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-KOH alkaline polymer electrolytes were obtained using solvent casting method. The properties of the polymer electrolytes were characterized by ac impedance, cyclic voltammetry and differential thermal analysis methods. The ionic conductivity of the prepared PVA-CMC-KOH-H₂O electrolytes can reach the order of 10⁻² S cm⁻¹. The effect of CMC addition on the alkaline polymer electrolytes was also explained. The experimental results demonstrated that the PVA-CMC-KOH-H₂O polymer electrolyte could be used in Ni/MH battery.     

Sn_(0.95)Mg_(0.05)P_2O_7的中温电性能研究

采用固相法合成了Sn0.95Mg0.05P2O7样品,采用交流阻抗电化学方法对该样品在50~250℃下的电性能进行了研究。粉末XRD结果表明,该样品为单一立方相SnP2O7结构。气体气氛对样品电导率有着显著的影响:σ(dry O2)σ(dry H2)σ(wet O2)σ(wet H2)。在湿润H2气氛中,Sn0.95Mg0.05P2O7在200℃下,电导率达到最大值5.9×10-2S·cm-1。以该样品为燃料电池固体电解质,组装氢-空气燃料电池,在125℃时最大输出功率密度为7.9 mW·cm-2,150℃时其最大输出功率密度约为12.7 mW·cm-2,175℃其最大输出功率密度为19.1 mW·cm-2。     

分级结构WO_3粉体材料的合成方法及光催化性能的研究

在国内外最新文献的基础上总结了制备分级结构WO3粉体材料的主要方法:即水热法、模版法、溶胶-凝胶法、热解法,并且讨论了各种方法的优缺点及研究进展;论文中还介绍了WO3粉体材料的形貌对光催化性能的影响;通过查阅相关的文献发现催化剂的形貌不同,比表面积就不同,比表面积越大,催化性能越好,而分级结构WO3粉体材料因其特殊的形貌,具有更大的比表面积,因此光催化性能较未组装前好。     

工业氯化钡质量的快速测定

介绍利用硫酸银标准溶液滴定氯化钡溶液的快速测定工业氯化钡含量的新方法。     

测油脂导热系数的研究新进展

简要介绍测定油脂导热系数在科学研究和工程设计方面的意义,系统综述目前测定液体导热系数的方法,如:理论推导、稳态法及非稳态法等,并对这些方法的优缺点进行了论述和分析;最后指出了油脂导热系数测定方法存在的问题及其发展趋势。测量实践表明:瞬态平面热源法测量准确可靠,具有巨大的应用前景。