浅谈汽车膜片离合器

膜片弹簧离合器是新型的汽车离合器,它具有寿命长、传递扭矩能力大且稳定、可靠性高和操纵轻便等优点,是汽车离合器发展的趋势。本文系统阐述了膜片离合器的工作特性,分析了拉式膜片弹簧离合器设计和制造的要点。     

Modeling and experimentation of a passive low frequency nanoforce sensor based on diamagnetic levitation

This paper is focused on the study of a new low frequency micro and nanoforce sensor based on diamagnetic levitation. The force sensitive part is a 10-cm long macroscopic capillary tube used as a levitating seismic mass. This tube presents a naturally stable equilibrium state with six degrees of freedom thanks to the combination of diamagnetic repulsive and magnetic attractive forces. It is only used as a one-direction force sensing device along its longitudinal axis. This force sensor is passive. The force measurement is based on the displacement of the capillary tube and in steady-state this displacement is proportional to the force. This sensor is characterized by an under-damped second-order linear force-displacement dynamic which remains linear on several hundred micrometers and can thus measure a wide range of microforces. Because of the magnetic springs configuration used, the capillary tube presents a horizontal mechanical stiffness that can be adjusted between 0.01 and 0.03 N/m (similar to the stiffness of a thin AFM cantilever). The measurement range typically varies between ±50 μN. Bandwidth is 4 Hz. The resolution depends on the sensor used to measure the capillary tube displacement and on noises induced by environmental conditions (ground and air vibrations). The resolution typically reached with a STIL confocal chromatic sensor is 5 nN inside a test chamber located on a anti-vibration table. This study is illustrated by a pull-off force measurement.     

基于Workbench车辆减振器弹簧盘的疲劳分析

车辆减振器弹簧盘在不断受到弹簧交变挤压力作用下,极易发生疲劳损坏.本文建立了弹簧盘的有限元模型,基于ANSYS-Workbench平台,对弹簧盘进行静力学强度和疲劳分析,预测了弹簧盘疲劳寿命的大小,获得了弹簧盘变形、应力集中及疲劳损伤的大小及位置,得到弹簧盘应力集中和疲劳损伤均发生于弹簧盘凸包区域的结论,验证其疲劳寿命符合设计要求,为其进一步改进设计提供参考依据.     

汽轮发电机组弹簧基础振动设计评判标准讨论

国际振动测试与评判标准ISO 10816是为回转类动力机器制订的,它同时又可用于动力机器基础,这一点在欧洲得到公认,但是在我国尚未达成共识.本文详细介绍了基础振动与机器振动的有关问题,经过讨论,得出以下结论:ISO 10816.2和我国国家标准GB 50040都经过了大量的工程实践检验,是可靠的,无论采用哪个标准进行汽轮发电机基础动力分析和设计,都能保证机器的安全运行;ISO 10816.2控制物理量采用振动速度,反映了不同频率的振动分量的贡献,不需要针对不同频率进行转换;ISO 10816.2的扰力输入和控制值更加符合当今国内外机械制造水平和平衡等级,与实测的振动也更加吻合;对于汽轮发电机基础,ISO 10816.2比GB 50040略为严格;ISO 10816已转化为国家标准GB/T 6075,适用于回转类动力机器的振动评判;对于国外工程和国内引进机型,ISO10816.2也适用于汽轮机发电机组基础.建议:加强国家标准GB/T 6075在回转类机器基础设计中的应用,积累经验;条件成熟后,在GB 50040修编之时将ISO 10816.2吸纳到我国的《动力机器基础设计规范》之中.     

氮气弹簧液压卡盘的设计与分析

通过分析坑道钻机中常见胶筒卡盘和碟簧卡盘的不足之处,设计出一种氮气弹簧液压卡盘．通过理论计算及结构分析,利用ADAMS仿真软件对氮气弹簧液压卡盘进行了运动学及动力学仿真,并对卡瓦和钻杆出现磨损时卡盘夹紧力的变化进行了分析．仿真结果表明此卡盘结构合理,性能良好,工作可靠性高．     

汽车离合器圆柱螺旋压紧弹簧的优化设计

用传统方法设计汽车离合器螺旋压紧弹簧过程繁琐,且难得到参数的最优值.以螺旋压紧弹簧的中径、旋绕比、弹簧数量为设计变量,螺旋压紧弹簧质量最小为设计目标,建立了汽车离合器螺旋压紧弹簧的优化设计数学模型,并用内点惩罚函数法对一实例进行了优化设计,优化后的离合器螺旋压紧弹簧不但满足使用性能而且弹簧质量减轻、数目减少,验证了方法的有效性.     

企业网上年检系统

针对企业网上年检系统的建设和应用要求,提出了基于J2EE技术平台和分层设计的思想,采用业界成熟的SSH(Struts+Spring+Hibernate)应用开发框架完成系统设计与实现的方法,对系统的表示层、业务逻辑层和数据持久层的主要功能设计做了阐述,对基于PKI技术的应用安全设计以及系统实施中的应用服务器配置做了概要说明。基于J2EE技术平台的SSH应用开发框架的应用,提高了系统开发的效率,增强了系统的可靠性和可维护性,系统开发和应用达到了预期效果。     

提升机的弹性托货机构设计

托货机构是提升机的关键机构,如果要求货物高速提升和高度位置精度,托货机构必须弹性化以实现和货物的软结合,缓冲货物提升到位时的冲击力.采用弹性垂直托货机构(碟簧式),对该机构进行设计计算和结构设计,并对提升机的特殊故障进行了冲击校核.结果表明该机构已通过了全方位的实验,并被应用于军用产品中.     

基于非结构嵌套网格的旋翼前飞流场计算

发展了一种基于线性弹簧理论的非结构动态嵌套网格方法,通过求解非定常Eu ler方程模拟了旋翼的前飞流场。根据距离参数快速生成便于计算的两个重叠网格子域,利用运动区子域网格的转动来模拟旋翼的旋转运动,并对其运用线性弹簧动态网格技术来处理旋翼的挥舞和变距运动。发展了一种快速查找插值贡献单元的方法,无需建立Inverse网格,提高了计算效率和精度。使用高效双时间方法分区求解非定常Eu ler方程,两个子域的流场参数在重叠区进行耦合。计算了旋翼的两种前飞状态,所得结果与实验和文献结果都很吻合。     

Light composite elliptic springs for vehicle suspension

For composites to compete in vehicle suspension applications, it is essential to control their failure by utilising their strength in principal direction instead of shear. This can be achieved efficiently by employing a new configuration instead of existing one. This study marries between an elliptical configuration and the woven roving composites.

In this paper, the influence of ellipticity ratio on performance of woven roving wrapped composite elliptical springs has been investigated both experimentally and numerically. A series of experiments was conducted for composite elliptical springs with ellipticity ratios (a/b) ranging from one to two. Typical failure histories of their failure mechanism are presented and discussed. In general, this study demonstrated that composites elliptical spring can be used for light and heavy trucks and meet the requirements, together with substantial weight saving. The results showed that the ellipticity ratio significantly influenced the spring rate and failure loads. Composite elliptic spring with ellipticity ratios of a/b 2.0 displayed the highest spring rate.