Relationship of hydrocarbon and source-rock in Nos.3-5 tectonic belts of the Lenghu area, northern Qaidam Basin

Based on analyses of the components of crude oil hydrocarbons and carbon isotopes, the content of normal alkane de-creased from 49.00% to 20.10% when moving from the No.3 to No.5 tectonic belt of the Lenghu area of the Qaidam Basin, while cycloalkanes increased from 30.00% to 52.20% and aromatic and branch chain alkanes increased gradually as well. The maturity of sterane in crude oil is higher than that of its source-rock, which shows that the hydrocarbons were generated from a deep source-rock of high maturity around the tectonic belts of the Lenghu area. The analysis of the characteristics of carbon isotopes also shows that these isotopes of hydrocarbon compounds in the No.4 and No.5 tectonic belt are apparently heavier than those in the No.3 belt. The results of our research show that the hydrocarbons in the No.3 tectonic belt are mainly from a relatively rich sapropelic substance, while the hydrocarbons in the No.4 and No.5 tectonic belt originated mainly from organic matter of a rela-tively rich humic type substance.     

蒸发过程中饱和土壤水稳定同位素运移规律浅析

基于Fick定律和质量守恒定律推导了饱和土壤水在蒸发过程中的稳定同位素微分方程模型,分析了饱和土壤水的边界条件,给出了解析解,为数值模拟蒸发、蒸发过程中土壤水的稳定同位素组成变化提供了确定性的数学基础,对土壤水分运动以及土壤水稳定同位素的研究具有一定的理论意义.     

复杂动态网络的牵制同步控制

研究了复杂动态网络的牵制同步控制。首先,阐述了一个新的动态网络,这个网络具有不同的节点结构,而且每个节点都是具有相同维数的动力系统。通过设计合适的控制器,此网络的状态将指数同步到一个稳定的状态。其次,给出了一些同步准则和一个例子去验证理论结果。MATLAB仿真结果表明,在整个网络被控制到平衡点时,在网络中随机地选择两个节点施加牵制控制,甚至仅对网络中度最大的那一个节点施加牵制控制,都能使网络的状态在很短的时间内达到同步。MATLAB仿真结果与理论分析相一致。     

基于演化博弈理论的有限理性交通选择行为模型

基于出行者掌握不完全的路网信息和选择行为有限理性的假设,运用演化博弈理论建立了出行者交通选择行为模型,并基于数学归纳法的思路,从理论上证明演化方法对交通选择行为分析的适用性.经证明,2条乃至n条独立路径条件下,求得的进化稳定状态与用交通分配理论和随机效用理论所得到的均衡状态完全等价.     

二次B-Spline时域基函数的TDFEM的应用

提出了时域有限元法(TDFEM)的一种新的基函数—二次B-spline时域基函数.首先简述了时域有限元法的原理和基本公式;然后提出了新型的基于B-spline函数的条件稳定和无条件稳定的时域有限元法方案,并应用于三维电磁辐射问题.通过典型的算例对这两种方案的精度、运算时间进行了比较,证实了基于二次B-spline函数的时域有限元法的有效性.通过稳定性理论分析得出该算法的精确稳定性,并且通过数值计算的结果得到验证.     

Denitrification in shallow groundwater in a coastal agricultural area in Japan

In a coastal agricultural area in the central part of Japan (Shizuoka), we found decreasing nitrate concentration with depth in a shallow groundwater, where the depth to water table varied between 0.6 and 1.2 m below ground surface. High nitrate concentrations (5–29 mg N L^–1) were often observed in the upper layer (0–2 m) of the groundwater, but the concentration decreased to less than 1 mg N L^–1 in the deeper layer. Ammonium was scarcely detected, and the concentration of dissolved oxygen was usually low (< 1 mgO₂ L^–1) in the groundwater. Nitrate in the groundwater often had very heavy nitrogen stable isotope ratios (>20{}). There was a negative relationship between nitrogen stable isotope ratio of nitrate and its concentration. When nitrate was injected into the groundwater with acetylene and bromide (a conservative tracer), nitrate concentration decreased to 20% of the initial level within 5 days, accompanied by the increase in nitrite and nitrous oxide concentration and a little change in bromide concentration. These results indicate that microbial denitrification plays a potential role in the decrease of nitrate in shallow groundwater at the study site.     

除草剂的同位素残留分析进展

除草剂的使用对清除农田杂草、提高作物产量、解决粮食问题具有重要意义．但是除草剂的残留会对生态环境和人类健康造成影响。农药的同位素残留分析技术日益受到人们的重视。并取得了长足的发展。本文综述了利用同位素示踪技术对除草剂的残留分析进展。     

Profile based routing in vehicular ad-hoc networks

One of the main problems in the VANET(vehicular ad-hoc network)routing algorithms is how to establish the stable routes.The link duration in these networks is often very short because of the frequent changes in the network topology.Short link duration reduce the network efficiency.Different speeds of the vehicles and choosing different directions by the vehicles in the junctions are the two reasons that lead to link breakage and a reduction in link duration.Several routing protocols have been proposed for VANET in order to improve the link duration,while none of them avoids the link breakages caused by the second reason.In this paper,a new method for routing algorithms is proposed based on the vehicles trips history.Here,each vehicle has a profile containing its movement patterns extracted from its trips history.The next direction which each vehicle may choose at the next junction is predicted using this profile and is sent to other vehicles.Afterward each vehicle selects a node the future direction of which is the same as its predicted direction.Our case study indicates that applying our proposed method to ROMSGP(receive on most stable group-path)routing protocol reduces the links breakages and increases the link duration time.     

微信流量特性分析与建模

微信是现代互联网的主要应用之一,到目前为止有关微信流量特性分析与建模的研究较少.本文以微信流量为研究对象,分析验证微信流量同时具有自相似性和突发性.针对这两种特性进行微信流量建模,采用线性分形稳定噪声模型刻画微信流量特性,完成了模型的参数估算和效果分析.本文的研究成果是后续的网络性能分析、网络流量监管等的基础.     

非均匀水流量对热力膨胀阀控制稳定性的影响

为研究热力膨胀阀(TEV)的控制失稳机理,采用TEX2型外平衡式TEV进行实验,在7组非均匀水流量率的情况下,实现TEV控制从稳定到振荡的动态变化.结果表明:当支路2的水流量F2从36.9%递减至27.0%,TEV流量控制特性稳定,蒸发器换热量仅衰减了3.4%;当F2从27.0%降至9.1%,总出口的制冷剂状态由过热变为带液,其出口温度由稳定变波动,且波动幅度持续增大,此时TEV的流量控制失稳,蒸发器换热量衰减了14.1%.支路1过热蒸汽的显热不足以提供支路2带液量完全蒸发所需的潜热,混合后总出口的过热度小于热力膨胀阀的MSS曲线要求的最小过热度,进而导致热力膨胀阀的持续振荡.实验结果可为多流路制冷系统中换热器的设计提供参考.