Molten pool and temperature field in CO_2 laser welding

0IntroductionCompared with conventional welding methods,laserwelding has many advantages,such as large penetrationratio,small HAZ,small welding deformation.Another ad-vantage of laser welding is easy to weld complicated com-ponents because laser can be transferred by mirrors andoptical fiber.The laser welding will find wide applicationswith the laser system developing.Induced-plasma,molten pool and keyhole are mainphenomena in study of laser welding process.The varietiesof them indicate the …     

Prediction and verification of melting front in GTA weld pool of full-penetration

A thermal conduction model is applied to speed up the numerical analysis of the temperature distribution and the weld pool geometry of full penetration in gas tungsten arc （GTA） welding. With considering both top and bottom flee surface deformation of full-penetrated weld pool, three-dimensional weld pool with melting front and solidification front is predicted. Welding experiments are conducted to measure the melting front curves at the top surface and the longitudinal section of the weld. It shows that the predicted and measured results are in good agreement.     

Vision-based detection of MAG weld pool

Weld pool contains significant information about the welding process. The weld pool images of MAG welding are detected by LaserStrobe system. An algorithm for extracting weld pool edge is proposed according to the characteristics of MAG weld pool images. The maximum weld pool length and width are calculated. The measurement data can be used to verify the results of welding process simulation and to provide a good foundation for automatic control of MAG welding process.     

MAG焊熔池图像特征及可用信息分析

针对MAG焊焊接过程的特点,采用被动式视觉传感的方式,利用近红外CCD摄像机,配合1064nm窄带滤光片和0.1%中性减光片组成的复合滤光系统,很好地排除了弧光的干扰,采集到大量高清晰的MAG焊短路过渡、射滴过渡、射流过渡熔池图像.利用数字图像处理技术对熔池图像进行图像处理,并提取出反映焊接质量的图像特征信息.对于单幅熔池图像进行了灰度分析,并提取了三条熔池图像等值轮廓线;对于连续多帧熔池图像,提出了利用熔池图像差影检测和熔池图像平均灰度来研究MAG焊焊接过程的新思路,为熔化极气体保护焊焊接过程质量控制奠定了基础.     

TIG焊熔宽的自整定PID闭环控制系统的研究

对于焊接过程中常出现各种干扰,焊接条件时有变化的TIG自动焊而言,改进传感方法和控制技术是提高焊缝质量闭环控制系统控制效果的两大途径。本文在对采用CCD摄像机正面拍摄熔池图像并用微机进行图象处理,以及对参数在线自整定PID控制原理的研究基础上,设计了一种TIG焊参数在线自整定PID熔宽闭环控制系统。实验结果表明,该系统具有良好的控制特性和对焊接条件变化的适应性,可用于TIG焊焊缝质量的实时控制。     

薄壁集箱和管道对接坡口的选择

针对薄壁集箱和管道(δ=7～14mm)对接时常采用的V型坡口易出现装配错边、封底焊裂纹以及内凹等现象，提出了一种改进型坡口，分析比较了两种坡口在氩弧焊封底时的应力状态、熔池形状以及气保护效果。试验结果表明：改进型坡口优于V型坡口，利于保证和提高焊缝质量。     

16MnR低合金钢板对接立焊单面焊双面成形工艺与探索

阐述了16MnR低合金钢板-板对接立焊单面焊双面成形的打底焊、填充焊、盖面焊的工艺过程及操作要领.重点讨论了提高单面焊双面成形打底焊质量的措施;强调了焊条伸入坡口的相对深度对打底焊、填充焊和盖面焊焊缝高度的重要影响.     

某拦河闸底流消能工消能防冲试验研究

通过物理模型试验,对某拦河闸底流消能工进行消能防冲试验,测试和分析不同开度下的水闸运行流态、流速分布及上下游水流衔接状况,研究成果可供工程设计参考。     

仙居抽水蓄能电站下水库事故闸门井深井开挖技术

仙居抽水蓄能电站下水库泄放洞事故闸门井开挖施工作业面狭窄、安全隐患大,经方案比选,采用"先导井后扩挖"方式进行开挖。其中导井开挖采用VCR法,具有作业安全、施工进度快、爆破成型效果好等优点,取得了较好的经济效益。     

布新水库溢洪道加固设计

针对布新水库溢洪道存在的问题,提出设二级消力池重建方案,并对溢流坝进行帷幕灌浆,对泄槽及消力池底板下的水平纵、横排水系统等进行改造的设计方案。通过两年的蓄水运行证明所提出的设计方案是有效的。