用高分子材料修复舰艇大轴

舰艇大轴在海水中严重腐蚀后,采用粘接技术,选用国产高强度金属修补剂,对大轴局部腐蚀部位进行修理,对提高大轴使用寿命,防止大轴再腐蚀起到有效作用.     

Investigations of fluid dynamics in mechanically stirred aerated slurry reactors

The fluid dynamics of stirred aerated slurry reactors with A-310® propeller, 4-blade 45° pitch turbine and 6-blade Rushton disc turbine were studied over a wide range of gas flow rates. With respect to power consumption, gas hold-up, and fluid dynamically limiting cases, viz., suspension and flooding, the Rushton disc turbine was found to be the best in stirred aerated slurry reactors. The influence of particle density, shape and mass fraction and of liquid properties on gassed critical stirrer speed, N_jsg, and of gassed power input per unit volume, P_jsg, on particle suspension and gas dispersion, were investigated. Empircal correlations in combination with that of Zwietering were established for scale-up design in three-phase slurry reactors.     

薄壁压力容器筒体纵焊缝角变形对应力的影响

提出压力容器简体纵焊缝产生角变形的模型。用简明的解析方法和有限元方法,探讨由变形引起的应力集中系数K_(ta)。结果表明,利用应力集中系数估算焊缝棱角对应力的影响是较合实际的,其公式为:K_(ta)=1+6E/S,式中E为棱角度,S为筒体壁厚。     

Probabilistic and interval reliability design of the composite pressure vessel

Considering the randomness or interval character of physical parameters and applied loads of composite pressure vessels (COPV), the COPV reliability-analyzing model is built. And then the computational expressions for the mean value, standard deviation and deviation of fiber stress are deduced by the random factor method. The probabilistic and interval reliability designs on COPV are implemented by utilizing the probabilistic method and interval method combined with the improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, respectively. The influence of fluctuation of structure uncertain parameters on COPV design thickness is inspected. Finally, examples are given to demonstrate that both probabilistic and interval reliability methods can satisfy the safety requirement and both are of higher rationality than the traditional safety factor method. And probabilistic method has a lower relative error but a higher computational complexity contrasted with the interval method.     

改进的形态学与Otsu相结合的视网膜血管分割

针对视网膜图像采集过程中由于疾病引起的图像光照反射过强问题,提出了一种修正的形态学与Otsu相结合的无监督视网膜血管分割算法。首先运用形态学中的高低帽变换增强血管与背景的对比度;然后提出了一种修正方法,消除部分由视网膜疾病引起的光照问题;最后使用Otsu阈值方法分割血管。算法在DRIVE和STARE视网膜图像数据库中进行了测试,实验结果表明,DRIVE数据库中的分割精度为0.9382,STARE数据库中的分割精度为0.9460,算法的执行时间为1.6s。算法能够精确地分割出视网膜血管,与传统的无监督视网膜血管分割算法相比,算法的分割精度高、抗干扰能力强。     

无挡板搅拌槽内的自由表面湍流流场研究

基于VOF多相流模型,建立了自由液面搅拌流场的数值模型和模拟方法。以偏心和无挡板中心搅拌槽为例,分别使用标准k-ε模型和分离涡模型研究了搅拌槽内流体的时均速度分布,发现数值模拟结果与实验结果吻合较好,仅略低于实验值。整体而言,使用分离涡模型时模拟结果与实验值之间的误差不超过12%,而k-ε模型的模拟精度则较差。研究结果表明,分离涡模型和VOF模型相结合,能很好地模拟搅拌槽内流体的自由液面流动特性。     

3000m起重铺管船铺管作业率研究

针对3 000 m起重铺管船的运动性能,对其铺管作业率做了相应的研究。将模型试验得出的规则波运动响应的每个自由度的n个数据点通过样条差值的方法编写到不规则波响应谱中,并采用变步长勒让德-高斯积分的方法求解出船舶不规则波运行的单幅最大值。同时,与SESAM程序软件的计算结果作对比,经研究,验证了该计算方法的有效性。最后,将计算出的一系列单幅最大值与相应校准值作比较,根据海况资料,将所有满足条件的一系列不规则波的发生概率相加,则起重铺管船在特定工况下的铺管作业率得到了求解。     

大型高压铸铁烘缸有限元分析和结构优化设计

针对大型高压烘缸应力集中和局部位移偏大等问题,运用有限元分析方法,设计了调整侧缸盖和轴毂连接处的过渡圆角、适当增加两边端盖厚度等结构优化方案。优化结果可使烘缸满足工业生产的需求并符合企业标准的规定。     

压力容器无损检测--球形储罐的无损检测技术

球形储罐是储存各种气体和液化气体的常用压力容器之一,在石油、化工、冶金和城市燃气供应等方面得到广泛使用。综述了球形储罐在制造、安装和使用过程中不同阶段可能出现的缺陷和分别采用的各种无损检测方法,包括射线检测、超声检测、磁粉检测、渗透检测、电磁涡流检测、声发射检测和磁记忆检测等技术。分别介绍了这些无损检测方法的特点。     

THERMOGRAPHIC ASPECT ON LOADING A THIN-WALL PRESSURE VESSEL STEEL

The infrared emission of a high pressure vessel steel and two thin wall pressure vessel modelshave been investigated by use of vibro-thermography.The experimental infrared cracklengths were found to be agreed closely with the optical values during fatigue process.A possi-ble nondestructive testing method used to evaluate the pressure vessel has been given.