滑移取向对循环形变Al单晶的应力响应,内耗和超声衰减的影响

本文报道了不同取向Al单晶体在循环形变过程中的应力响应、内耗和超声衰减的变化及它们之间的关系,试验结果表明,循环应力σ、内耗Q~(-1)和超声衰减△α对晶体取向有明显的依赖性,单滑移取向和多滑移取向晶体之间,上述三量的差别很大,对同一取向晶体,σ增加对应着Q~(-1)减少和Δa增加,但Δa达到最大值需要的循环周次少于σ达到最大值所需的循环数,而Q~(-1)与σ则基本上同时达到最低值和最大值。     

连接板式万能钢梁轧机机架受力及刚度分析

本文对连接扳式万能钢梁轧机的机架进行了受力分析和刚度计算,并与普通万能钢梁轧机进行了比较,得出了连接板式万能钢梁轧机机架受力状态合理、应力分布均匀、高度尺寸小、重量轻、刚度大的结论。     

Cu-Fe-P合金引线框架材料残余应力的有限元分析

针对微观状态下的Cu-Fe-P合金引线框架材料起皮处Fe颗粒密集区,采用弹塑性有限元方法建立力学模型分析残余应力的分布.主要研究了对施加一定位移载荷的模型卸载后Fe颗粒对材料残余应力分布规律的影响.研究发现,Cu基体和Fe颗粒界面附近两相的残余应力值很大;且在卸载前后沿载荷方向,颗粒和基体的残余应力方向相反.界面两侧的残余应力差值也因两种反向应力的作用而加大,最终导致界面处被撕裂,材料表面起皮.     

汽车传动轴防尘罩旋转膨胀量测试系统功率计算

本文介绍了汽车传动轴防尘罩旋转膨胀量测试系统，首先对万向节进行力学建模分析，然后对各部分进行了详细计算，最后给出了计算结果。     

Analysis of failed nuclear plant components

Argonne National Laboratory has conducted analyses of failed components from nuclear power- gener-ating stations since 1974. The considerations involved in working with and analyzing radioactive compo-nents are reviewed here, and the decontamination of these components is discussed. Analyses of four failed components from nuclear plants are then described to illustrate the kinds of failures seen in serv-ice. The failures discussed are (1) intergranular stress- corrosion cracking of core spray injection piping in a boiling water reactor, (2) failure of canopy seal welds in adapter tube assemblies in the control rod drive head of a pressurized water reactor, (3) thermal fatigue of a recirculation pump shaft in a boiling water reactor, and (4) failure of pump seal wear rings by nickel leaching in a boiling water reactor. Work supported by Commonwealth Edison Company under ACK 85026.     

载荷对高铬铸铁磨料磨损的影响

对不同载荷作用下的高铬铸铁在耐磨实验机上进行了磨料磨损试验；对在不同的载荷作用下碳化物对基体的保护作用与碳化物的剥离进行了相关的分析。结果表明载荷在一定值以下磨损较为缓慢，当载荷超过一定值时，磨损急剧加剧，随着载荷的增加“尺寸较小”的碳化物首先剥离基体，当载荷继续增大时，“尺寸较大”的碳化物也剥离基体并有碎裂现象。因此，要求高铬铸铁中的碳化物不仅要分布均匀，而且尺寸也要合适。     

Thermoelastoplastic and Residual Stress Analysis during Induction Hardening of Steel

A theoretical model was developed to predict the thermoelastoplastic and residual stresses developed in a round steel bar during induction hardening. For numerical analysis, a quasi- static, uncoupled thermoelastoplastic solution based on the hyperbolic sine law of Tien and Richmond was formulated. The properties of the material were assumed to be temperature dependent. The phase transformation was considered in the numerical calculation, and the results were compared with the case where phase transformation is avoided. The cylinder was heated rapidly; once the temperature of the outer surface exceeded the transformation temperature, the cylinder was rapidly cooled. Accordingly, in the numerical calculation, only the area at the vicinity of the outer surface was assumed to transform to martensite. The results showed that the compressive residual stresses at the vicinity of the outer surface were considerably higher than the tensile stresses at the center.     

铝合金化对超高碳钢先共析碳化物析出行为的影响

通过对不同铝含量超高碳钢的相平衡热力学计算、热处理工艺试验以及扫描电镜的微观组织观察，研究了铝合金化对超高碳钢先共析碳化物的数量和析出行为的影响。结果表明，对碳含量为1．6％的超高碳钢，添加2％以上的铝，可以显著抑制先共析网状碳化物的析出。铝的添加，导致平衡状态下的先共析碳化物数量减少，尤其在2％Al附近，更为显著，是铝合金化抑制超高碳钢网状碳化物的主要原因。     

应力应变顺序对应规律及其学术意义

应力应变顺序对应规律,是王仲仁教授于1979年提出的,起初在国内有一些争议,后来王仲仁教授又作了理论推导与实验验证。目前,该规律已被列入《金属塑性成形原理》全国通用教材。本文阐述此规律的提出和完善过程,并讨论其学术意义。     

钛合金带热沉钨极氩弧焊中热沉作用

采用数值模拟和实验相结合的方法研究了钛合金TC4薄板常规及带热沉的钨极氩弧焊焊接过程中温度及应力应变的分布,考察了热沉对温度场和应力应变场的影响规律,探讨了使用该技术实现应力和变形控制的机理.结果表明:带热沉的钨极氩弧焊焊接过程中,紧随热源之后热沉急冷作用使得试件形成马鞍形温度场,而热沉作用部位温度最低.热沉作用部位的急冷收缩对周围金属产生拉伸作用,使得焊缝及近缝区金属升温过程中产生的压缩塑性应变减小,冷却过程中产生的拉伸塑性应变增大,接头中不协调应变减小,残余应力降低.实验测量与有限元模拟结果吻合良好,证实了采用热沉控制应力与变形的有效性和有限元模型的正确性.