HIGH TEMPERATURE OXIDATION AND STRUCTURE OF SCALE AND WHISKERS FOR Fe-Ni-Cr SEALING ALLOYS

The oxidation rate,the growth,morphology and structure of oxide scale and whiskers forFe-Ni-Cr sealing alloys in H_2-H_2O atmosphere at high temperatures have been studied.The growth rate of scale is controlled by diffusion.The scale is composed of Cr_2O_3 andspinel(Fe,Mn)O·Cr_2O_3 and the oxide whisker,are spinel(Fe,Mn)O·Cr_2O_3.     

Ce^3＋,Sb^3＋共激活的亚超细磷光体的微波快速合成和发光特性

首次采用微波辐射法快速合成了亚超细CaS:C^3 ,Sb^3 高效绿光磷光体，发现Ce^3 与Sb^3 离子之间存在着能量传,租是属于多极子相互作用的共振传递，因而Ce^3 对CaS:Sb^3 的发光有明显的敏化和增强。微波场作用下合成的双掺磷光体的激发峰与发射峰值分别恒定在259nm 和523nm处，并没有像传统高温固相合成法那样，随掺杂离子浓度的增大而发生红移现象。SEM照片显示，采用含不同一价阳离子（Na^ ,K^ ,NH4^ )无机盐作助熔剂制得的亚超细CaS:Ce^3 ,Sb^3 磷光体平均粒径为300nm-500nm，但其晶体形貌分别为立方形、球形和团聚状的雪花形，其中球形磷光体荧光最强。     

大型弹簧钢片开裂原因分析

为保证大型弹簧钢片在热处理过程中，不发生开裂和翘起度超差，重新制订了热处理工艺。通过增加高温回火、降低淬火温度、加快冷却速度等手段，获得了最好的效果。     

盐水蒸发器除垢钝化一步法探讨

在化学清洗实践中 ,除垢钝化一步法具有经济、废液处理容易等优点。在实验研究的基础上 ,本文对一步法的清洗原理及应用时的一般情况进行了介绍     

仪器分析在聚合物类阻垢缓蚀剂研究中的应用

聚合物类阻垢缓蚀剂是工业循环冷却水中最常用的水处理剂。介绍了红外光谱仪、核磁共振仪、凝胶渗透液相色谱、扫描电镜等测试仪器在阻垢缓蚀剂研究中的应用。     

Outdoor attractancy of males ofMatsucoccus josephi (Homoptera: Matsucoccidae) andElatophilus hebraicus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) to synthetic female sex pheromone ofMatsucoccus josephi

The active component of the sex pheromone ofMatsucoccus josephi is (2E,6E,8E)-5,7-dimethyl-2,6,8-decatrien-4-one; the chemical is also a powerful kairomone of adult males and females of the bugElatophilus hebraicus the principal predator ofM. josephi. The presence of theZ isomer (2E,6Z,8E)-5,7-dimethyl-2,6,8-decatrien-4-one does not interfere with the attractancy of the activeE component forM. josephi males or the bug. Our results show a clear dose-response between trap catch ofM. josephi males andE. hebraicus. Conversely, increasing amounts of theZ isomer in the mixture did not affect the attraction of the scale insect males or the bug. The catch ofM. josephi males did not differ significantly among traps of different color, and was significantly higher with traps attached to the tree trunk than those suspended between trees. Comparison of the catch ofM. josephi among the three forests and between pine species suggests that the level of infestation ofPinus halepepsis andPinus brutia ssp.brutia is similar, despite the fact that the latter pine is resistant to the scale insect. Both sexes ofE. hebraicus were trapped in much lower numbers at the more infested sites. This may be related to interference with the activity ofE. hebraicus due to deterioration and drying of parts of the tree crowns and heavy colonization by generalist predators in injured trees.     

循环冷却水处理新化学药剂的发展

随着水资源的日益紧张和排放标准的日益严格,要求循环冷却水处理药剂能适应高硬度、高碱度、高氯离子、高有机污染的需要,本文介绍的国外的新型药剂－－聚氨基聚醚基甲叉膦酸、膦酰基羧酸、聚天冬氨酸、过氧乙酸、４,５－二氯－２－正丁基－４－异噻啉丁酮等具有优良的阻垢和杀菌作用,并且对环境友好。     

新型阻垢剂IA-SSS-MA聚合物的合成与表征

以衣康酸(IA)、苯乙烯磺酸钠(SSS)和马来酸酐(MA)为单体,以水为溶剂,过硫酸铵作引发剂,合成了衣康酸-苯乙烯磺酸钠-马来酸酐(IA-SSS-MA)三元聚合物阻垢剂,考察了单体配比、反应温度、引发剂量、滴加时间等对聚合物阻碳酸钙垢效果的影响,结果表明:当单体配比为IA∶SSS∶MA=5∶1∶0.25(摩尔比),反应温度100℃,引发剂量占单体总量13%,滴加时间为5 h,阻碳酸钙垢效果最好,阻垢率达到98.11%。     

膦酰基羧酸共调聚物的阻垢性能研究

采用静态与动态试验方法,对新型阻垢剂膦酰基羧酸共调聚物抑制碳酸钙垢的性能进行了试验研究。静态试验研究表明,在水温低于60℃,钙硬度为600mg/L(以CaCO3计)的情况下,膦酰基羧酸共调聚物具有良好的阻垢性能,投加量为5mg/L时,阻垢率超过90%;在较高硬度时亦有较好的阻垢效果。动态试验研究表明,成垢溶液添加阻垢剂之后,污垢热阻大为减小,换热表面基本不结垢。因此,膦酰基羧酸共调聚物极适于工业循环冷却水系统的水处理过程。结合垢粒的扫描电镜照片对膦酰基羧酸共调聚物的阻垢机理进行了简要分析。     

Local‐scale Benefits of River Connectivity Restoration Planning Beyond Jurisdictional Boundaries

Conservation planning aims to optimize outcomes for select species or ecosystems by directing resources toward high‐return sites. The possibility that local benefits might be increased by directing resources beyond the focal area is rarely considered. We present a case study of restoring river connectivity for migratory fish of the Great Lakes Basin by removing dams and road crossings within municipal jurisdictions versus their broader watersheds. We found that greater river connectivity could often be achieved by considering both intra‐jurisdictional and extra‐jurisdictional barriers. Focusing on jurisdictional barriers alone generally forfeited <20% (median = 0%) of habitat gains for those who value solely habitat gains within the jurisdiction, but >75% (median = 100%) for planners who value larger‐scale habitat gains. Similarly, cost savings tended to be between ?50% and +50%, but in some cases were very negative. Our study underscores the local‐scale benefits of broadening restoration investments, especially for decision makers of the Great Lakes Basin and contributes to a discussion of appropriate and efficient scales of conservation planning. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.