高取代度羟丙基玉米淀粉的性质研究(Ⅱ)——流变学性质

研究了高取代度羟丙基玉米淀粉溶液的流变学性质及其影响因素。结果表明：高取代度羟丙基玉米淀粉在５％～２０％浓度范围,２０～４０℃范围内呈现假塑性流体特征,符合幂定律;高取代度羟丙基玉米淀粉浓度越高,温度越低,其假塑性越明显;取代度对羟丙基玉米淀粉的流变性影响较显著,而ｐＨ值的影响则较小;高取代度羟丙基玉米淀粉具有剪切稀化性质,其表观粘度受剪切速率的影响并不太明显。     

智能科学与技术本科专业“小学期”制教学思考

针对湖南大学智能科学与技术专业现行本科教学计划专业特色、学科交叉性等问题,在分析新的小学期制度基础上,本文阐述新制订的智能科学与技术专业本科教学计划,并探索了小学期制度下教学改革的部分举措,以期通过调整和改革使湖南大学智能科学与技术本科专业的建设更上一个台阶,为本专业的人才培养作出积极贡献。     

计算机系列研究生暑期学校办学体会

阐述了暑期学校的办学基本理念,介绍具体的办学方案和经验。通过分析问卷调查结果表明,该次办学收到了良好的教学效果,为今后继续打造暑期学校品牌提供了依据与参考。     

Structure-activity relationships for analogs of (+)-(E)-endo-Β-bergamoten-12-oic acid,an oviposition stimulant ofHelicoverpa zea (Boddie)

-Bergamotenoic acid, a compound previously shown to stimulate oviposition inH. zea, was converted into a set of bicyclic analogs and tested with a set of acyclic side chain analogs to ascertain the molecular structure that maximizes insect behavioral response. While changes in the bicyclic ring elicited no variation in response, alteration in the side chain structure of-bergamotenoic acid resulted in significant changes in moth preference. Free rotation about the C-C bond proximal to the carboxylic acid group appears to be an important structural factor, since saturation of the side chain double bond significantly increased activity. The carboxylic acid group seems to be required for strong oviposition stimulation, since analogs lacking the carboxylic acid group exhibited no significant oviposition activity. Oviposition preference ofH. zea was also influenced by the length of the hydrocarbon chain to which the carboxylic acid is attached. While hexanoic acid was found inactive, the ovipositional preference for the heptanoic and octanoic acids was greatest for the one 8-carbon tested. This and other work suggest that carboxylic acids of specific chain lengths influence the oviposition behavior of bothHelicoverpa andHeliothis species and may be associated with host-plant selection. The potential use of this information in designing integrated pest management strategies for control ofH. zea is discussed.     

Effects of α-Terthienyl on the midgut detoxification enzymes of the European corn borer,Ostrinia nubilalis

The biochemical basis for the tolerance of the European corn borer,Ostrinia nubilalis, to the phototoxin-terthienyl was investigated by measuring the midgut polysubstrate monooxygenases and glutathioneS-transferase activities.-Terthienyl administered in the diet to the corn borers increased the level of cytochromeb ₅, NADH-cytochromec reductase,O-demethylase, and glutathioneS-transferase activities. The induced detoxification enzyme activities should enable the corn borer to metabolize-terthienyl more efficiently and therefore render the corn borer highly tolerant to-terthienyl.     

玉米种皮膳食纤维对面团流变学特性及饺子皮品质的影响

采用粉质仪和拉伸仪研究了不同添加量玉米种皮膳食纤维面团的粉质拉伸特性和质构特性,采用物性测试仪(TPA)研究了不同添加量玉米种皮膳食纤维对制作的生饺子皮和熟饺子皮质构的影响.结果表明:玉米种皮膳食纤维的添加,使面团的吸水率增大、形成时间与稳定时间显著延长、弱化度下降;使面团的拉伸曲线面积、抗拉伸阻力和拉伸比例增大,面团延伸性变小;使生饺子皮硬度和黏附性减小,其弹性、内聚性、胶凝性、咀嚼性和回复性增大,熟饺子皮黏附性减小,硬度、弹性、胶凝性、咀嚼性和回复性增大,内聚性基本不变.     

我国玉米供需曲线估测与市场预测

通过两阶段最小二乘法估测了我国玉米供需曲线,并预测未来两年均衡价格和净进口量.研究发现影响我国玉米供给的因素有玉米价格、大豆价格、技术进步和成灾率,影响我国玉米需求的因素有玉米价格、小麦价格、人均国内生产总值和总人口;预测未来两年我国玉米价格和净进口量都将呈上升趋势,我国将成为玉米净进口国.     

奶牛生物（活菌）饲料的研究

以酒精糟、白酒糟、碎玉米、啤酒糟等为原料,添加尿素、（NH4）2SO4及营养液F,采用“液体种子培养,多菌种混合固态发酵技术”生产奶牛生物（活菌）饲料。饲料粗蛋白平均含量36．55％、提高率1635％;酵母菌、有效细菌总数及活菌率分别为：7．85×10^8个g、7．11×10^9个,g和82．2％;β-淀粉酶1356mg／（g．h）、纤维素酶168um／（g．h）、中性蛋白酶1088ug／（g．min）、碱性蛋白酶372ug/（g·min）、糖化酶110u／（g．h）;VA80IU／（100g）、VB：2．35mg／（100g）、VD2945IU／（100g）、VC1．1mg／（100g）、烟酸10．7mg／（100g）。     

北京地区冬小麦-夏玉米轮作下土壤氮素的分布及对地下水影响分析

研究北京粮食作物种植区冬小麦—夏玉米轮作体系下不同施氮量对土壤氮素剖面分布、累积量、淋失量的动态变化过程的影响及对地下水的影响等。结果表明在喷灌条件下冬小麦试验季节硝态氮的累积主要在80 cm深度以上;而夏玉米季节,硝态氮的峰值运移到150 cm左右,硝态氮存在明显的深层淋失现象。硝态氮的剖面含量一般随着施氮量的增加而增加。单季施氮量低于110 kg/hm2,土壤氮素处于稍微亏损状态;而施氮量大于220 kg/hm2时,在0～200 cm土层内,硝态氮有明显的累积现象,硝态氮的累积量一般随着施氮量的增加而增加,因此建议该地区年施氮量为250kg/hm2以维持农田氮平衡。考虑到当地的地下水埋深一般在12.5m左右,可以初步得出冬小麦—夏玉米种植对地下水的影响较小,但是长期冬小麦—夏玉米种植施肥将对地下水产生影响。     

玉米粉的品质改良

玉米作为主食材料其淀粉呈多角形,蛋白质中缺少醇溶谷蛋白,不能形成粘弹性面团,限制了其应用,产品形式较少,口感较粗糙。对玉米粉进行改性处理,使其具有与小麦粉类似的加工性质,从而开发更多的产品,充分利用玉米的营养,扩大玉米粉的应用范围,改善产品的食用品质。