伶仃洋三维潮流输沙的数值模拟

作者使用垂向坐标变换技术，结合有限差分方法建立了三维潮流输沙的数学模型。为了增加模型的稳定性和减少数值耗散，对悬沙对流扩散方程中的水平对流项采用三阶迎风格式离散。应用本模型对伶仃洋的枯季和洪季的潮流输沙的悬沙场进行了数值模拟，将模拟结果与实测资料进行比较，二者吻合较好。模拟结果分析表明：伶仃洋悬沙运动主要集中在西滩，对伶仃航道影响不大；洪季水体含沙浓度高于枯季；水体含沙浓度沿水深存在浓度梯度，且洪季的浓度梯度明显大于枯季。     

工程建设的新特点与中国三峡总公司的可持续发展

本文介绍了三峡工程进入2002年后工程建设的新特点,并对工程下一步两个重点项目三期截流和碾压混凝土围堰的技术难点和工期安排做了深入分析。另外,作者根据国家电力体制改革的重要内容,以及中国三峡总公司自身情况,对公司未来的可持续发展之路亦做了深入探讨。借助中国三峡总公司的品牌优势和资本实力,吸收其它形式的能源,优化能源结构;进一步降低工程造价,提高三峡电价在电力市场的竞争力;依靠科学管理,实现电力生产利润最大化,深化内部改革等措施,促进中国三峡总公司可持续发展。     

利用黄河泥沙加固下游大堤

黄河是一条举世闻名的多泥沙河流，善淤、善决、善徒给沿河人民带来对过深重灾难，防洪问题一直是国家的心腹之患。泥沙问题是黄河防洪问题的症结所在。在总结固大堤经验的基础，进行挖河疏浚，淤筑“相对地下河”，已作为黄河治理的一项重大决策付诸实施。     

永定新河河口潮流动力及泥沙特征初步分析

依据永定新河河口１９９７年潮汐观测资料及河道１９９０～１９９７年潮汐观测资料，通过实测资料的整理分析，初步揭示了永定新河河口潮流动力及泥沙特征，为河道的治理规划提供了科学的依据。     

宝浪油田侏罗系三工河组浅水辫状河三角洲沉积模式研究

焉耆盆地侏罗系三工河组广泛发育由辫状河进积到湖泊中形成的辫状河三角洲。这种三角洲特征显著不同于其它三角洲,其主体是辫状分流河道和水下分流河道。宝浪油田含油层段主体为辫状分流河道,以心滩发育为主要特征,是典型的浅水缓坡粗粒辫状河三角洲沉积。     

对流域水电建设档案科学管理的研究

介绍清江公司从流域水电建设的特点出发,研究流域水电建设工程档案的完整性、准确性,确保工程质量,提高工程管理水平,将大量的档案信息资源转化为科学知识,为流域水电开发服务,取得显著的经济和社会效益的情况。     

特大型桥梁工程地质勘察区域地壳稳定性研究

重大工程区域地壳稳定性研究，是工程前期工程地质勘察的重要内容之一，并越来越多地为工程建设所重视。大桥工程地质勘察以往对此涉及较少，也无明确的统一规定，以长江上所建特大桥为例，对此项工程作了些探索性的研究，重点研究的问题是：区域构造环境及构造变形，地壳结构和深部构造，新构造活动，断裂活动，地震活动等，为大桥建设宏观决策和抗震设计提供依据。     

黄河黑山峡河段大柳树水库比小观音水库原始库容多40亿m3的作用

一级开发大柳树高坝原始库容比二级开发小观音高坝多 4 0亿m3 ,库容大带来的好处体现在 5～ 7月可多向下游增供水量 ,缓解下游河道断流 ;延长泄放清水时间 ;增加发电效益 ;满足宁蒙河段防凌要求 ;增加汛期集中泄水 ,减缓下游河道淤积萎缩 ;满足南水北调西线工程水量调节要求等。为了更好优化配置黄河水资源 ,从全局和长远利益考虑 ,应采用一级开发方案 ,修建大柳树高坝大库     

永定新河治理工程几个关键问题的研究

永定新河是天津市防洪的北部防线。由于受海相来沙淤积 ,河道行洪能力大幅度下降。针对永定新河治理工程设计中涉及到的河道淤积治理方案、闸位比选、防潮闸结构型式及施工方法、闸下减淤清淤措施等诸多问题进行了分析和研究 ,提出了相应的措施和建议     

Modelling the effects of dam removal on migratory walleye (Sander vitreus) early life‐history stages

Many dams in the USA have outlived their intended purpose and an increasing number are being considered for removal. Yet, quantitative studies of the potential physical, biological and ecological responses are needed to assess dam removal decisions. In this paper, the responses of migratory walleye (Sander vitreus) to increased spawning habitat availability as a result of dam removal was studied by comparing scenarios with and without a high‐head dam in the Sandusky River (Ohio), a major tributary to Lake Erie. A conceptual, ecological model was proposed to define the relationship between hydrodynamics and walleye spawning, egg hatching, larval drift and survival. A mathematical, ecological model of the early life‐history stages was then developed and coupled with time series of depth and velocity predictions over the spawning grounds from a 1‐D hydrodynamic model. Model simulations were run for 1984–1993 for both the with‐ and without‐dam scenarios to assess the potential benefit of dam removal. The simulation results demonstrated that velocity, depth and water temperature are major factors influencing adult walleye spawning success. Without the dam, 10 times the amount of spawning habitat would be available for walleye to spawn. This increase in spawning habitat area resulted in up to five times the total egg deposition and seven times the larval output to the nursing grounds, based on the assumption that 5% of the walleye population of Lake Erie migrated up the Sandusky River to spawn. We concluded that the spawning habitat in the current condition (with the dam) is limiting and additional spawning habitat upstream could significantly increase the number of larval walleye drifting to Lake Erie. The model sensitivity analysis showed that the number of walleye migrating up the river in spring is the dominant factor for larval recruitment to the lake. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.