Use of a selective extractant-impregnated resin for removal of Pb(II) ion from waters and wastewaters: Kinetics,equilibrium and thermodynamic study

Adsorption of Pb(II) ion by a novel extractant-impregnated resin, EIR, was studied as a function of various experimental parameters using batch adsorption experiments. The new EIR was prepared by impregnating gallocyanine (GCN) onto Amberlite XAD-16 resin beads. The EIR was characterized by nitrogen analysis and SEM micrographs. The new EIR showed excellent selectivity factor values (α) for Pb(II) adsorption respect to other metal ions. The effects of some chemical and physical variables were evaluated and the optimum conditions were found for Pb(II) removal from aqueous solutions. The equilibrium adsorption isotherm was fitted with the Langmuir adsorption model. The maximum adsorption capacity (q_max) of EIR for Pb(II) ions was found to be 367.92 mg g⁻¹. The kinetic studies showed that the intra-particle diffusion is the rate-controlling step. Also, the intra-particle diffusion coefficients, D_ip values, were of the order of 10⁻¹² m² s⁻¹. The values of enthalpy (ΔH°) were positive, which confirms the endothermic nature of adsorption process. Also, the positive entropy changes (ΔS°) were showed that the randomness increased along with the adsorption process. In addition, the obtained negative values of Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) indicated feasible and spontaneous nature of the adsorption process at different temperatures. The new adsorbent was very stable so that it can be successfully used for many consecutive cycles without significant loss in its adsorption capacity.     

负荷适应在变压吸附制氮设备中的实验研究

文章用实验的方法对负荷适应在变压吸附制氮应用进行研究,用实验确定了负荷适应的工艺纯度切换点,通过对流量范围的调节,观察出口氮气纯度和吸附周期的稳定性,同时比较了负荷适应与非负荷适应的回收率,实验结果对于负荷适应在变压吸附制氮机中的应用有着较高的实用价值。     

大孔树脂对桃金娘叶总黄酮的静态吸附性能研究

分别研究了X-5和AB-8两种不同树脂对桃金娘叶总黄酮的静态吸附和解吸性能。结果表明,X-5树脂具有较好的吸附和解吸参数,是一种分离纯化桃金娘叶总黄酮较好的树脂,其最佳条件为温度为25℃、吸附时间为6 h、黄酮原液pH=6时,吸附率最大,为66.07%,此时选用95%的乙醇做解吸剂,于30℃温度下解吸12 h时,解吸效果最佳。     

AP-P4/SDBS二元体系在石英砂上的吸附特性

针对AP-P4/SDBS聚表二元体系,选用不同浓度配方的聚表体系,在石英砂上展开静态吸附和动态滞留实验,研究聚表体系中各组分的吸附规律,考察了浓度、温度、矿化度对组分的吸附影响。结果表明,聚表二元体系中各组分在石英砂上的吸附符合Langmuir吸附模式,其中,SDBS表现为双分子层吸附、AP-P4表现为单分子层吸附特质。AP-P4与SDBS存在竞争吸附关系,SDBS的吸附量是AP-P4的20多倍。温度和矿化度升高,SDBS的吸附量增大。聚表二元体系中SDBS的动态滞留量小于其静态吸附量,而AP-P4的动态滞留量大于其静态吸附量。     

蒙脱石和高岭石吸附水溶液中重金属离子的实验研究

综述了近几年研究人员以蒙脱石、高岭石和膨润土作为吸附材料,去除水溶液中的砷、镉、铬、铜、铅几种重金属离子。通过酸性活化改性,有机分子嫁接改性,纳米氧化物涂层和柱撑等手段,提高了粘土矿物的吸附性能,达到更好的吸附效果。结果表明有机改性更有利于蒙脱石等粘土矿物对于重金属离子的吸附,同时指出pH是影响吸附效果的关键因素。     

钻井液处理剂溶液活度测量方法对比

室内通过吸附等温曲线法与饱和湿度法测定了钻井液处理剂溶液的活度。结果表明：两种方法均具有较好的重复性,测量结果基本一致,吸附等温曲线法需要的测试周期较长,饱和湿度法的测试周期明显缩短。     

A Modified Peng-Robinson Equation State for Prediction of Gas Adsorption Isotherm

This research proposes a modified two-dimensional Peng-Robinson equation model to predict adsorp-tion isotherm in adsorbate-adsorbent systems. The parameters of the proposed model are calculated by using the op-timization of experimental data for the different single gas adsorption systems at various temperatures. The experi-mental adsorption equilibrium data of adsorbate-adsorbent systems was compared with the calculated results in our proposed model and the two-dimensional Hill-deBoer equation model. The proposed model as indicated in the re-sults shows a better prediction of the experimental results compared with two others.     

活性炭吸附回收VOCs技术的研究进展

详细介绍了活性炭吸附回收VOCs的技术研究过程以及研究进展,分析了吸附剂的制备与改性、吸附过程的影响因素及数学模型、脱附方法等内容,并指出了存在的问题。在总结现有研究进展的基础上,对活性炭吸附回收VOCs技术的研究重点进行了预测和展望。     

变压吸附制氧与深冷制氧在富氧气化焦炭制备高纯CO装置上的应用比较

本文简单介绍了山东阿斯德化工有限公司为提高甲酸生产所需要的原料气中的有效气体成分(一氧化碳),新上一套富氧气化焦炭制备高纯CO装置。作为该装置的配套装置,新上一套变压吸附制氧装置,针对变压吸附制氧装置生产的氧气纯度波动大及氧气回收率难以提高的情况,又新上一套深冷制氧装置,使富氧气化焦炭制备高纯CO装置的各项技术指标得到了全面提高。     

Numerical analysis of a dual refluxed PSA process during simultaneous removal and concentration of carbon dioxide dilute gas from air

The simultaneous removal and concentration of carbon dioxide present in ambient air were carried out by a dual refluxed Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) process with intermediate feed inlet position. The feed inlet position divides each column into rectifying and stripping sections from which enriched and lean gases can be simultaneously produced. A simple isothermal model with negligible axial dispersion and pressure drops through the PSA beds was developed to investigate the effects of various combinations of the operating variables and to analyze semi-quantitatively the effects of the main characteristic parameters such as the dimensionless feed inlet position (Z_R/L_T) and the stripping-reflux ratio (R_r). A good agreement between the model prediction and the experimental results was obtained. Moreover, an optimum feed inlet position was found and it corresponded to a position where the carbon dioxide mole ratio in the feed flux and that in the upstream flux leaving the stripping section were equal. The carbon dioxide mole ratio in the enriched product (Y_E) as well as that in the lean product (Y_L) were strongly dependent on the ratio of feed/enriched product flow rates (Q_F/Q_E) and the ratio of feed/lean product flow rates (Q_F/Q_L). Although the pressure ratio (P_a/P_d) was crucially important for the separation performance, a smaller value of R_r was sufficient to reach a performance which is unattainable in conventional PSA processes.