混凝土结构的质量通病——裂缝

从材料、结构构造、施工工艺、地基变形、温湿度变形等方面论述了混凝土裂缝产生的原因 ,提出只有真正了解裂缝产生的原因 ,才能有针对性地采取有效措施 ,确保工程质量     

高层地下室底板混凝土施工的裂缝控制

以德益花园写字公寓楼地下室底板205m厚混凝土的施工工程为例，坚持预防为主的原则，采取了一系列温控技术措施，有效地防止或控制了温度裂缝(收缩裂缝)的产生，确保了混凝土的施工质量。     

简析Ⅲ类PHC管桩的成因及加固补强处理方法

本文主要通过Ⅲ类PHC管桩的形成分析,经过各方论证采用了合适的处理方法,取得了较好的效果。     

A new stereological principle for test lines in three-dimensional space

A new principle is presented to generate isotropic uniform random (IUR) test lines hitting a geometric structure in three-dimensional space (3D). The principle therefore concerns the estimation of surface area, volume, membrane thickness, etc., of arbitrary structures with piecewise smooth boundary. The principle states that a point-sampled test line on an isotropic plane through a fixed point in 3D is effectively an invariant test line in 3D. Particular attention is devoted to the stereology of particles, where an alternative to the surfactor method is obtained to estimate surface area. An interesting case arises when the particle is convex. The methods are illustrated with synthetic examples.     

浅析露天栈桥改造

结合工程实例，论述了露天栈桥产生裂缝和腐蚀的原因，对栈桥结构进行了评价，提出了加固方案及加固施工中应注意的事项，经使用证明，加固效果良好。     

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白马庙气田蓬莱镇气藏储层致密 ,孔隙结构复杂 ,非均质性强 ,单井产能低 ,研究储层特征和受控因素 ,加强储层改造方是气藏效益开发的出路。储层精细研究揭示 ,气井产能受沉积相和构造条件控制 ;高、中产井与大而厚、物性好的河口坝、河道砂坝沉积微相有关 ,纵向上具很强的层段性 ,主产层集中在Ⅳ～③、Ⅲ～③两套砂组 ,其钻探成功率分别达 82 %和 10 0 % ;平面上多分布于主体构造和东南鼻状突起 ,二者高、中产能井分别占 30 %和 70 %。在深入的地质研究和储层压裂评层选井的基础上 ,采用多层打开、分层压裂、多层合采的方法可提高气井产能 ,并形成了一套行之有效的压裂评层选井的综合配套技术。采用该技术优选出 19口井 ,已实施 5口井全获成功 ,气产量成倍或十几倍增加 ,其中白浅 4 5井气无阻流量高达 18× 10 4m3 /d ,白浅 38井投产 16 5d净增产值 10 0余万元     

The Influence of Surfactant on the Surface Characterization of Celestite in Spherical Oil Agglomeration

This study investigates the relationship between the critical surface tension of wetting of celestite and agglomeration recovery as well as the zeta potential in dependence of pH and amount of collector (Na‐Oleate). For this purpose, effects of pH and collector amount on the agglomeration recovery are investigated and zeta potential measurements and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR) analyses are carried out to determine the adsorption type of Na‐Oleate on celestite surface. The sessile drop technique is used for the measurement of contact angle and determination of the critical surface tension of wetting (Y_C) of celestite. The maximum agglomeration recovery is obtained at pH 7. The critical surface tension of wetting of celestite is very close to the surface tension of kerosene, which is 25.95 mN/m. Furthermore, at the optimum Na‐Oleate amount of 10 kg/ton, the critical surface tension of wetting of celestite is approximately equal to the surface tension of kerosene.     

Threshold and growth mechanism of fatigue cracks under mode II and III loadings

ABSTRACT The fatigue crack growth behaviour of 0.47% carbon steel was studied under mode II and III loadings. Mode II fatigue crack growth tests were carried out using specially designed double cantilever (DC) type specimens in order to measure the mode II threshold stress intensity factor range, ΔK_IIth. The relationship ΔK_IIth > ΔK_Ith caused crack branching from mode II to I after a crack reached the mode II threshold. Torsion fatigue tests on circumferentially cracked specimens were carried out to study the mechanisms of both mode III crack growth and of the formation of the factory‐roof crack surface morphology. A change in microstructure occurred at a crack tip during crack growth in both mode II and mode III shear cracks. It is presumed that the crack growth mechanisms in mode II and in mode III are essentially the same. Detailed fractographic investigation showed that factory‐roofs were formed by crack branching into mode I. Crack branching started from small semi‐elliptical cracks nucleated by shear at the tip of the original circumferential crack.     

Damage mechanism in weldment of 2.25Cr-1Mo steel under creep-fatigue loading

The purpose of this study is to clarify damage process of “Type IV cracking” in weldment of a 2.25Cr-1Mo steel and to propose a micro damage prediction method. From continuous observation under a creep-fatigue test, it was found that spherical shape voids initiated and grew on grain boundaries in fine grain region and these voids grow continuously by changing their shape to crack-like. Both spherical and crack-like void growth rate equations were derived from the proposed void growth model. It was indicated that measured void growth rate under the creep-fatigue loading was well predicted by the growth rate equations.