Rock-breaking mechanism and experimental analysis of confined blasting of borehole surrounding rock

The rock-breaking mechanism and effect of confined blasting were analysed by blasting and impact dynamic mechanics, fluid dynamic mechanics, fracture mechanics as well as blasting experiment. The results showed that the fracturing of surrounding rock in confined blasting condition is the result of coaction of rock pre-cracking by shock wave and stress wave and the continuing expanding crackenhancement of confined medium, and the model of crack development of borehole surrounding rock in confined blasting condition was established. This study acquired the damage range of surrounding rock under the action of shock wave and stress wave, as well as the crack development characteristics of surrounding rock after the wedge-in confined medium into the crack space. Deep-hole confined blasting experiment on large rock showed that the high-efficient utilisation of in-hole explosive was achieved and the safety of rock blasting operation was ensured. Safe static rock-breaking under the action of high-efficient explosive blasting was achieved as well as the unification of super dynamic load of explosive blasting and static rock-breaking of water medium.     

316LN钢高温塑性及其断口特征

利用Gleeble-1500D热力模拟试验机,对316LN钢进行温度为950~1200℃,应变速率分别为0.005、0.05、0.5和1s-1的热力模拟试验。借助扫描电镜(SEM)对断口进行观察,研究316LN钢的高温塑性及高温断裂机制。结果表明:316LN钢高温断裂为韧性断裂,随着温度和应变速率的增加,韧窝尺寸增大,深度增加,塑性增加。同时,采用回归方法构建了断裂应变、塑性指标(延伸率和断面收缩率)分别与变形条件(温度和应变速率)的关系模型,应用这些模型可以计算一定条件下316LN钢的断裂应变、延伸率和断面收缩率,对制定316LN钢的锻造工艺有一定的指导作用。     

整体砌石重力坝运行期温度作用效应

重力坝因设置温度伸缩缝及体型较厚不需要考虑温度作用,而拱坝因不设永久性伸缩缝及体型较薄需要考虑温度作用.整体砌石重力坝由于其结构、施工和材料的特殊性,使它的特性介于重力坝和拱坝之间,存在能不能忽略温度作用效应的问题,这方面的研究较少,在规范中也未具体说明.基于此,运用拱坝温度荷载的计算方法以及等效模量法,对川南地区的狸狐洞整体式砌石重力坝工程实例进行有限元分析,分别探讨了温度场和温度应力场的数值大小和分布,得出了一般整体式砌石重力坝在运行期温度作用下的温度场和温度应力的规律,表明整体砌石重力坝运行期的温度作用效应较大.     

一起GIS内部故障事故分析及防范措施

电力GIS设备在电力系统中有广泛的应用,GIS是运行可靠性高、维护工作量少、检修周期长的高压电气设备。但GIS也有其固有的缺点,由于SF6气体的泄漏、外部水分的渗入、导电杂质的存在、玻璃绝缘子老化及安装工艺等因素影响,都可能导致GIS内部故障。文章针对一起110k V GIS故障母差动作导致跳闸的事故,分析了事故处理过程和故障原因,并在此基础上提出了相应的防范措施,供设计、生产和运维人员参考。     

碱金属在白云鄂博铁精矿还原中的催化作用研究

利用失重法对碳的气化反应、CO气体以及碳还原白云鄂博铁精矿进行了实验,使用矿相、XRD分析了还原后样品的相组成与显微结构。研究结果表明：加入催化剂后,碳的气化反应速率和铁精矿还原速率提高,且K2CO3和Na2CO3的催化效果明显优于CaCO3的催化效果。催化剂的加入有助于碳的活性提高,加速了碳的气化反应,从而促进了白云鄂博铁精矿还原反应进行。     

×Synergistic action of non-solvent induced phase separation in preparation of poly（vinyl butyral） hollow fiber membrane via thermally induced phase separation

A systematic study of air gap distance effects on the structure and properties of poly（vinyl butyral） hollow fiber membrane via thermally induced phase separation （TIPS） has been carried out. The results show that the hollow fiber membrane prepared at air gap zero has no skin layer; the pore size near the outer surface is larger than that near the inner surface; and the special pore channel-like structure near the outer surface is formed, which is quite different with the typical sponge-like structure caused by TIPS and the finger-like structure caused by non-solvent induced phase separation （NIPS）, because of the synergistic action of non-solvent induced phase separation at air gap zero. The pore size gradually decreases from outer surface layer to the intermediate layer, but increases gradually from intermediate layer to the inner surface layer. With the increase of air gap distance, the pore size near the outer surface gets smaller and a dense skin layer is formed, and the pore size gradually increases from the outer surface layer to the inner surface layer. Water permeability of the hollow fiber membrane decreases with air gap distance, the water permeability decreases sharply from 45.50× 10^-7 to 4.52× 10^-7 m^3/（m^2-s.kPa） as air gap increases from 0 to 10 mm at take-up speed of 0.236 m/s, further decreases from 4.52×10^-7 to 1.00×10 ^-8m^3/（m^2.s·kPa） as the air gap increases from 10 to 40 mm. Both the breaking strength and the elongation increase with the increase of air gap distance. The breaking strength increases from 2.25 MPa to 4.19 MPa and the elongation increases from 33.9% to 132.6% as air gap increases from 0 mm to 40 mm at take-up speed 0.236 m/s.     

某抽水蓄能电站一起交流串直流故障分析

某抽水蓄能电站发生一起交流串直流故障,通过分析交流串直流的特点,结合现场控制回路原理图,对故障点进行查找,并排除了故障;根据故障时的信号及现象,通过对交流串直流原理进行分析,做出交流串入直流正极和负极的等效原理图。根据等效原理图,分析交流串直流后绝缘监察装置交替报“正母接地”或“负母接地”的原因;通过对交流串直流后的交流电流通路进行分析,得出跳闸中间继电器动作功率是保护装置无故障跳闸的原因。     

以工作页为载体的完整行动模式教学研究与实践——以“数控机床装调与维修”课程为例

结合"数控机床装调与维修"课程,以"FANUC PMC工作方式控制"项目为例,开发了基于完整行动序列"资讯—计划—决策—实施—检查—评价"的工作页,并以此为载体,进行了理实一体化教学研究与实践,以培养学生职业能力,提高学生职业素养。     

咪唑啉型缓蚀剂的合成及其缓蚀机理的研究

以棕榈酸、二乙烯三胺、马来酸酐为原料合成了一种咪唑啉型缓蚀剂YQ-01,与YQ-02复配后得到能有效抑制二氧化碳腐蚀的缓蚀体系YQ-03。应用静态挂片失重法、电化学极化曲线、X射线光电子能谱分析研究了YQ-03抑制二氧化碳腐蚀的电化学特征,分析了腐蚀前、后及加入缓蚀体系YQ-03后A3钢的表面产物,探讨了YQ-03的缓蚀机理。结果表明,由主剂YQ-01和助剂YQ-02组成的复配缓蚀体系有良好的协同作用,腐蚀产物膜有3层,能有效抑制饱和CO2的高矿化度盐水对A3钢的腐蚀。     

Thermodynamic properties and mixing thermodynamic parameters of Ba-Al, Mg-Al, Sr-Al and Cu-Al metallic melts

Application of equations of mixing thermodynamic parameters formulated on the basis of the coexistence theory of metallic melts in Ba-Al, Mg-Al, Sr-Al and Cu-Al melts leads to fruitful results that not only the evaluated mass action concentrations agree well with the measured activities, but also the calculated mixing thermodynamic parameters are quite coincident with the experimental values. Moreover, the calculated mass action concentrations strictly obey the mass action law. The evaluated mixing thermodynamic parameters have very fine regularity: the mixing free energy is composed of standard free formation energies of all compounds and chemical potentials of all structural units at equilibrium; the mixing enthalpy consists of standard formation enthalpies of all compounds; the mixing entropy is composed of standard entropies of all compounds and configuration entropies of all structural units at equilibrium. As the equations of mixing thermodynamic parameters formulated are widely applicable to metallic melts involving compound formation, they can be used as the second practical criterion to determine whether thermodynamic models of metallic melts are correctly formulated.