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111.
Effects of Sr/Ti-ratio in SrTiO3-based SOFC anodes investigated by the use of cone-shaped electrodes
In this work the A-site deficiency limit for undoped SrTiO3, calcined in air or reducing atmosphere, was investigated. XRD and SEM analyses showed that when using the solid-state synthesis route it was difficult to achieve any A-site deficiency. Even very small deviations from unity in the Sr/Ti-ratio resulted in impurity phases. The effects of Sr/Ti-ratio on the performance of SrTiO3 anodes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) was investigated by impedance spectroscopy with cone-shaped electrodes. The electrocatalytic activity of the SrTiO3 cone samples, with various amount of reduced titanium dioxide phases (Magnéli phases), was investigated for oxidation of H2 at 700 °C. High temperature treatment at 1000 °C, between the measurements at 700 °C, showed that high content of Magnéli phases leads to faster degradation of the activity. The suitability for using cone-shaped electrodes as a tool for investigating electrode materials is discussed. 相似文献
112.
A study of modified carbon paste electrode employing Nile blue (NB) adsorbed on silica gel modified with niobium oxide (SN) for electrocatalytic oxidation of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) is described. The adsorbed organic dye on SN was used to prepare a modified carbon paste electrode to investigate its electrochemical properties. The formal potential (E°′) of the adsorbed NB (−230 mV vs. saturated calomel electrode, SCE) showed a shift of 70 mV towards a more positive potential value, compared to NB dissolved in aqueous solution. In solutions with pH between 6.0 and 8.0 did stability and E°′ remained almost constant. However, for a solution pH lower than 6.0 the E°′ was affected by the acidity of the contacting solution, shifting the E°′ towards more positive values. For the solution pHs between 6.0 and 8.0 the electrocatalytic activity remained almost constant. A linear response range for NADH between 1.0×10−5 and 5.2×10−4 mol l−1, at pH 7.0, was observed for the electrode, with an applied potential of −200 mV versus SCE. The formation of an intermediate charge transfer (CT) complex was proposed to the CT reaction between NADH and adsorbed NB. The heterogeneous electron transfer rate, kobs, was 1400 M−1 s−1 and the apparent Michaelis-Menten constant, was 0.21 mM at pH 7.0 evaluated from rotating disk electrode (RDE) experiments with an electrode coverage of about 5.2×10−9 mol cm−2. The increase in the reaction rate between NADH and the immobilized NB compared to those obtained with dissolved NB was assigned to the shift of the E°′ towards more positive values. 相似文献
113.
Teresa Łuczak 《Journal of Applied Electrochemistry》2007,37(4):461-466
The kinetics of methylamine oxidation at a gold electrode in contact with an alkaline electrolyte solution was studied. The
adsorptive behaviour of substrate molecules was determined by changes in the differential capacitance of the double layer
at the electrode/solution interface. The electrooxidation of methylamine occurs only in the potential range of gold oxide
layer formation. The general reaction pathways of methylamine oxidation on the gold electrode is proposed. 相似文献
114.
115.
Marcin Ocypa 《Electrochimica acta》2006,51(11):2298-2305
Electrochemical properties of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with hexacyanoferrate(II,III) ions (PEDOT(HCF)) were studied in the presence of Cu2+ ions. Voltammetric and EDAX studies revealed retention of hexacyanoferrate anions in the polymer film and accumulation of Cu(II) cations, as well as formation of solid copper hexacyanoferrate near the polymer surface.Accumulation of Cu2+ ions was found to be advantageous from the point of view of PEDOT(HCF) applications as a solid contact (ion-to-electron transducer) in all-solid-state Cu2+-selective electrodes with solvent polymeric polyvinyl chloride (PVC) based membrane, containing Cu2+-selective ionophore. Binding of Cu2+ ions in the conducting polymer layer results in analyte ions flux into the transducer phase. Thus, pronounced enhancement of selectivity of the all-solid-state Cu2+-selective electrode or lower detection limit of the potentiometric response range was achieved, reaching under optimised conditions 10−7 M CuSO4. 相似文献
116.
Electropolymerization of phenol and mono-, di-, tri-, pentachlorophenols was studied using EQCM on a Pt electrode at 0.78 V (SHE) in 1 M NaOH solution containing 0.1 M of the corresponding phenol. The highest electropolymerization rate was found for ortho-substituted chlorophenols indicating a weak fouling of the electrode. Low electropolymerization rates for para-substituted chlorophenols suggest a low permeability of the polymer film, resulting in rapid electrode fouling. The EQCM data suggest that electropolymerization of chlorophenols occurs without Cl-elimination for the monomers with unsubstituted ortho and para positions. Dechlorination is most pronounced for electropolymerization of para-substituted isomers. The mechanism of electropolymerization of chlorophenols is discussed. 相似文献
117.
Rakesh?Kumar?MahajanEmail author Inderpreet?Kaur Mandeep?Singh?Bakshi 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2004,7(2):131-134
Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) membrane electrodes to determine monomer concentrations of tetradecyltrimethylammonium ion (TTA+) and hexadecylpyridinium ion (HPy+) based on neutral ion-pair carrier complexes of tetradecyltrimethylammonium dodecyl sulfate (TTA+-DS−) and hexadecylpyridinium dodecyl sulfate (HPy+-DS−), respectively, are reported here. The electrodes exhibit a Nernstian slope of 59 mV per decade for TTA+ and a sub-Nernstian slope of 34.5 mV per decade for HPy+ ions. The TTA+ ion-selective electrode (ISE) and the HPy+-ISE can determine the monomer units down to concentrations as low as 4.0×10−4M and 1.66×10−5 M, respectively. The effect of various additives, such as the anionic polyelectrolyte sodium dextran sulfate and macrocyclic
β-cyclodextrin, on the surface activity exhibited by the cationic surfactants TTA+-DS− and HPy+-DS−, in the presence of background concentrations of NaCl was also examined with surfactant-selective sensors. The Gibbs free
energy of micelle formation (ΔG
m
) of both surfactants in the presence of various additives was calculated and found to be less favorable with respect to an
increase in the amount of additives due to less availability of cationic surfactant monomer units. The ion-pair complexes
TTA+-DS− and HPy+-DS− were found to behave as selective carrier compounds in PVC membranes in determining the concentration of monomer units of
both TTA+ and HPy+, respectively. The proposed sensors worked well at a fairly acidic pH of 1–6.5 with response time of 60 s. The sensors responded
well to the surfactant ions even in the presence of additives at lower concentration. The lifetime of the sensors is 3 mon. 相似文献
118.
Nickel electrodes were prepared by electrodeposition in electrolytes of various anionic compositions. The deposition conditions and bath types were evaluated with special emphasis on the electrocatalytic properties for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Electrochemical characterizations in a 5 mol/L KOH solution at 25°C showed that the electrode deposited from the chloride bath, having a low Tafel slope of 50 mV/dec and an overpotential of 396 mV at 100 mA/cm2, is the most catalytically active among electrodes prepared in electrolytes of various anionic compositions. The electrode activity for the OER is related to the real surface areas, which depend on the anion compositions in the deposition bath and the deposition conditions. 相似文献
119.
120.
通过X射线衍射谱(XRD)、气态吸放氢行为(PCT曲线)、电化学充放电性能、电化学阻抗谱(EIS),考察了Ni添加对Ti_(0.47)V_(0.28)Mn_(0.15)Cr_(0.1)储氢合金的电化学性能的影响。结果表明:Ti_(0.47)V_(0.28)Mn_(0.15)Cr_(0.1)的电化学活性很差,在碱液中几乎不能放电,添加Ni之后得到了明显改善。随着Ni含量的增加,Ti_(0.47)V_(0.28)Mn_(0.15)Cr_(0.1)Ni_x(x=0~0.25)合金电极的放电容量先增大后减小,在x=0.15时达到最大值310mA·h·g~(-1)。 相似文献