Content and Chemical Form of Mercury and Selenium in Lake Ontario Salmon and Trout

The content and chemical form of mercury and selenium were determined in the edible tissue of salmon (coho, chinook) and trout (lake, brown) taken offshore from Lake Ontario near Rochester, New York. For all fish species, total mercury content ranged from 0.3 to 0.8 μg/g (fresh-weight), which is similar to concentrations commonly found in canned tuna. Most of the total mercury (63 to 79 percent) was present as methylmercury, the remainder being divalent inorganic mercury. For all species, 6 to 45 percent of the total selenium content was present as selenate (SeVI), the remainder being selenite (SeIV) and selenide (Se-11). On a molar basis, total selenium content usually exceeded that of total mercury. Samples of smoked and unsmoked brown trout fillets were also examined. Based on the results of this study there is no immediate human health hazard from mercury and selenium. However, there is a need to report specific chemical forms of these metals in Lake Ontario salmonid fishes so that elevated concentrations can be better evaluated.     

The Impact of Sediment-Associated Contaminants from the Niagara River Mouth on Various Size Assemblages of Phytoplankton

The impact of elutriated sediment-associated contaminants from the Niagara River mouth and from a midlake station in Lake Ontario on various size assemblages of natural phytoplankton was determined. The C¹⁴ fractionation bioassays indicated that the addition of Chelex-treated elutriate (without dissolved metals) from the Niagara River mouth enhanced the C¹⁴ uptake when compared to the standard elutriate. Conversely, at the midlake station, the addition of standard elutriate (with dissolved metals) induced higher C¹⁴ uptake than the Chelex-treated elutriate. It is apparent that the synergistic effects of nutrients/metals and metals/organic compounds determine the bioavailability and toxicity of contaminants to natural phytoplankton. Our technique is sensitive and useful in detecting the differential response of algal size fractions to contaminants.     

关于污染物总量控制中设立审计制度的探讨

针对污染物排放总量控制目标 ,提出了“目标审计”制度的新方法 ,对排污企业实行申报审计制度 ,依法管理 ,通过削减污染物排放量 ,改善环境质量     

生活有机污染物对流动电流特性的影响研究

本文通过试验研究了在水源受到生产污水污染的情况下，流动电流的变化规律、流动电流的检测灵敏度以及控制系统的给定值、初步探讨了在污染水源条件下流动电流技术的适用性问题。     

室内空气质量的研究现状及展望

本文通过大量文献调研，详细论述了当前国内外室内空气质量的研究现状和展望，室内空气污染的特点，以及室内空气污染的污染源和污染物，同时也论述了控制室内空气污染采取的措施和方法。     

应用电子束辐照加氨烟气法排烟同时脱硫脱氮

应用电子束辐照加氨烟气法,可用来高效地从烟气中同时脱除SO_2和NO_x。应用电子束辐照法净化含SO_2和NO_x的烟气,是原子核化学反应工程在环境工程中的具体应用。这项新技术,作为工艺过程简单的新型干法排烟脱硫脱氮技术很有希望。本文论述应用电子束辐照加氨烟气法同时脱硫脱氮的化学反应机理,工艺过程,电子束加速器,以及电子束反应器。此外,笔者对这项新技术进行了讨论,提出了今后的研究任务,并展望了这项新技术在环境工程中的发展和应用前景。     

湖北省水环境规划及污染控制方案研究

环境规划是我国“十五”社会经济发展规划的 6个专项规划之一。以此为背景介绍了湖北省水污染现状 ,用定量与定性相结合的方法讨论了区域水环境保护规划的方法和技术 ,分析了湖北省水环境的保护目标和重点区域 ,并研究了水环境保护和污染物总量分配或控制方案 ,最后分析和比较了有关方案的实施效益 ,给出了部分结论。     

NAA在环境激素类污染物研究中的应用

结合中子活化分析的最新发展动态 ,着重评述中子活化分析在有机卤素污染物和有毒重金属元素等环境激素类物质研究中的应用 .并简要介绍分子活化分析 .     

基于回归分析的长江水质预测与控制

本文采用频度统计和标准化方法对长江近并两年多的水质情况进行了分析和评价。并根据污染物氨氮和高锰酸盐污染源在时间和空间上的分布特点，采用一维河道水质模型计算给出了主要污染源的分布。最后讨论了水质的两类特性以及长江水污染的预测与控制。     

Adsorption study of Pb<Superscript>2+</Superscript> ions on nanosized SnO<Subscript>2</Subscript>, synthesized by self-propagating combustion reaction

Novel combustion synthetic route for the synthesis of nanosized SnO₂ is reported. X-ray, tap and powder densities of SnO₂ are calculated. Adsorption of Pb²⁺ ions on combustion derived nanosized SnO₂ is studied. The as synthesized SnO₂ and lead ions adsorbed SnO₂ are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron micrograph (SEM), and infrared spectroscopic (IR) techniques. The eluent is characterized by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and solution conductivity (SC) to know the reduction in the concentration and increase in conductance of lead solution after adsorption on the SnO₂ surface. The potential use of solid adsorbents for the adsorption of heavy metal pollutants is envisaged in the present work.