人工智能转译传统美术图案的公众情感认知解构

目的 人工智能的发展逐渐渗透到人文艺术领域,其中智能辅助艺术创作引领了学科领域发展新趋势,人工智能(AI)与传统美术图案的结合为传统美术的创新与传承带来了新的活力。研究对公众如何认知经由人工智能转译后的传统美术图案及影响此类认知的主要因素。方法 研究运用人工智能图像转译技术,将6幅中国传统艺术图案进行风格迁移和重构,并以网上问卷调查的方式,收集355名受试者对原图案和转译图案的情感评价与审美理解,进而对公众的认知结构进行解构与分析。讨论 研究发现,公众对经由人工智能转译后的传统美术图案的风格契合度的情感认知路径是多元复杂的,其涉及美感、色彩、愉悦、工艺、构图等多重元素的因素组合。结论 公众对人工智能转移后的美术图案的情感认知,除了现有研究所侧重的色彩与纹理等因素,生成图案的整体感以及其展现的情绪色彩也能够对公众契合度认知产生核心影响。     

传统吉祥纹样在新中式家具中的应用方法研究

目的探索传统吉祥纹样在新中式家具设计中的运用方法。方法从平面装饰、造型、功能和传统纹样的立体转化4个方面展开,研究了传统吉祥纹样在新中式家具设计中的创新方法,阐述了传统纹样在新中式家具设计中的应用细节,并结合具体的设计实例进行验证。结论传统吉祥纹样是我国传统文化的缩影,家具是技术与艺术的统一。将传统吉祥纹样与新中式家具相结合,不能照搬与模仿传统纹样,必须进行纹样的再设计,才能达到新中式家具的创新设计,更加直观、形象地表现我国传统文化,进一步推动家具设计的发展。     

呼伦贝尔传统马鞍形态人机工效因素研究

目的 针对传统马鞍形态随机性、活态性和多样性等问题,提出并构建传统马鞍形态与人机工效研究模型,探究马鞍形态与人、马匹之间形态界面存在的合理性与宜人性,推动传统马鞍良好的创新与传承。方法 通过田野调查与分析比较,选取呼伦贝尔传统马鞍为研究对象,运用形态分析法解析马鞍形态构成,运用人机分析法搭建交叉形态界面,分别从骑乘姿态、骑乘动势、鞍马适配等方面对形态界面展开工效因素研究。结果 根据马鞍形态与人机工效因素构建的研究模型是切实可行的,能够解决传统器物与当代设计之间的界面问题。通过设计验证,得到马鞍形态的应用满足对人与马匹的工效学要求。结论 构建的传统马鞍形态与人机工效研究模型,对几种骑乘状态下的马鞍形态界面与骑乘者宜人性及舒适性等工效因素进行了系统论证与设计实践。     

数字化博物馆审美情趣与中国画意境美学的比较研究

目的 将传统的中国画意境美学与现代数字化博物馆审美进行对比研究,寻求其审美层面的内在联系,以期将传统艺术的意境美学延伸拓展至数字化博物馆设计,致力于推动中国画意境理论的现代化、科技化、数字化发展,同时也促进现代数字化博物馆的民族化、传统化、本土化发展。方法 以中国画意境理论中“天人合一”“气韵生动”“心斋坐忘”“虚实结合”“神与物游”为基础,分析其在数字化博物馆中的体现以及对应关系。结果 在中国画意境美学的影响之下,现代数字化博物馆追求全息性、生命性、沉浸性、虚拟性和交互性的审美特征。结论 通过数字技术综合调动参观者的外在感官神经,刺激参观者的思想、情感、精神等内在活动,实现了主观与客观统一、感性与理性统一、技术与艺术统一,在审美意识领域下达到了物我交织,开启了新的审美体验,同时也为中国传统意境美学注入了数字时代的活力。     

以形状文法为导向的参数化传统纹样设计技术研究

目的 将现代参数化生成技术融入传统纹样设计方法,以此弥补传统的纹样设计方法对设计结果可控性低、产出效率低的不足,从而探索传统纹样创新设计的新途径。方法 运用模件系统理论和图谱量化法提取传统纹样的文化基因图案,采用Grasshopper参数化工具重构纹样,并将形状文法推演规则转译为参数化语法表达的形状文法推演规则,运用系统的文法规则控制感性随意的纹样参数衍生流程,实现基于形状文法导向的参数化纹样设计方法。结果 以黄梅挑花八角莲纹为例,编写形状文法控制的纹样衍生参数化程序,生成多种八角莲纹衍生图案,并应用于不同的文创载体。结论 参数化设计逻辑下的形状文法可以更高效地挖掘传统文化纹样的创新设计价值,以形状文法为导向的参数化技术可灵活并科学地对传统纹样进行再设计,为数字化时代下非物质文化遗产的保护和传承提供参考。     

Rahul Mehrotra Associates

Rahul Mehrotra maintains a diverse and active role as an architect, urban activist, writer and teacher. His book Bombay: The Cities Within (1995), with Sharada Dwivedi, is a major enquiry into the history and sociology of India's vivacious and contentious urbanism. He finds his city of practice - Mumbai - a mine for quarrying architectural ideations and languages. Unlike most regions in India that may have to adhere to a conformist cultural agenda, Mumbai offers a conceptual freedom in traversing the traditional and contemporary as the city has its particular plurality in the intertwining epochs, attitudes and ‘coming together and moving apart of the past and present’. Multiplicity is thus axiomatic in Mehrotra's interpretation of the city, although this is transferred in his architecture as a dialogical juxtaposition of public and private, exteriority and interiority, natural and industrial materials, and the traditional and contemporary. Interiority, arising both from reasons of climate and urban conditions, is an abiding theme in Mehrotra's work and is articulated through reified courtyards and walls that also retain an intimate conversation with the larger landscape. From residences to large complexes, he uses these elements with great craft and finesse to create dramatic spaces with changing palettes of materials, colours and phenomenally modulated differences between the exterior and interior.‘In our projects, the approach has been to abstract and interpret spatial arrangements as well as building vocabulary,’ he says. ‘The idea is to combine materials, to juxtapose conventional craftsmanship with industrial materials and traditional spatial arrangements with contemporary space organisation. In short, to give expression to the multiple worlds, pluralism and dualities that so vividly characterise the Asian landscape.’ Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

ITPDA算法在构建语义网中的应用

自动获取视频语义信息有助于提高基于内容的视频检索系统的性能。其主要方法之一是利用视频语义网络推理得到视频的语义。为了获得视频语义网络,在传统的三阶段相关性分析算法（TTPDA）的基础上,提出了改进的三阶段相关性分析算法（ITPDA）,用以学习语义概念之间的联系,以便对视频进行语义标注。相比于TTPDA、ITPDA算法的优点是：在无法获得节点的排序或只能获得部分节点排序的情况下,也能较快地学习得到语义网络结构,而且确定语义网中边方向的时间复杂度从TTPDA的O（n⁴）降为O（n²）（其中n是语义网中节点的数目）。实验结果表明：利用ITPDA算法建立语义网是行之有效的,而且在所得到的语义网上进行视频语义标注,其效果优于TTPDA。     

The working alliance and employment outcomes for people with severe mental illness enrolled in vocational programs.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the working alliance and employment outcomes in persons with severe mental illness receiving vocational services. Another purpose of this study was to determine whether working alliance differences exist between clients receiving evidence-based supported employment services and those receiving traditional stepwise vocational services. Design: This study was a secondary analysis of a 2-year randomized controlled trial comparing two employment programs providing services to people with severe mental illness. Results: Contrary to expectations, no overall relationship was found between the working alliance and employment outcomes. As predicted, supported employment participants each assigned to a single vocational worker had more positive working alliances than participants served by a team of vocational workers in the traditional vocational program. Conclusions/Implications: The lack of an association between the working alliance and employment outcomes is inconsistent with previous literature. Further research is needed using standardized working alliance measures and larger samples that include both working and nonworking clients. Evidence-based supported employment, which employs individual caseloads, seems to foster better relationships than a team-based vocational approach, although future research is needed to replicate this finding. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

以 CpG ODN 为靶点应用生物传感器技术筛选抗炎中药

目的: 筛选具有拮抗CpGODN作用的抗炎中药。方法: 将CpGODN包被于生物传感器的生物素化样品池上,测定78种中药水煎液与CpGODN的亲和力;选择具有较高亲和力的中药水煎液,与CpGODN(33μg·ml^-1)37℃孵育30min后,再次测定与CpGODN的亲和力。结果: 78种中药中,地榆、大黄、藏果等14种中药含有结合CpGODN的活性成分;鸦胆子、赤芍、地榆等9种中药活性成分含量较高。结论: 筛选得到9种活性含量较高的中药,为下一步分离提纯有效成分/单体提供了实验依据。     

中药新药临床试验对照药选择的问题与对策

对照药的选择是中药新药临床试验过程中的一个重要环节, 直接关系到临床试验的质量, 本文归纳了目前中药临床试验过程中对照药选择的若干问题,并提出解决问题的对策和建议。