加强环加强的受压长圆筒(管道)应力的解析算法

对用加强环加强的受压长圆筒或管道(简称加强圆筒)应用薄壳力矩理论微分方程的解析解求解加强圆筒中的各项应力。     

横向预应力对装配整体式空心板桥纵向抗裂性能的影响

装配式空心板梁桥普遍应用于中小型公路桥梁中,但其容易在竖向梯度温度的作用下产生铰缝开裂。针对这一现象,提出了横向预应力预压抗裂的方法。利用ABAQUS有限元软件建立装配式空心板桥梁实体模型,分析装配式空心板桥梁的开裂成因,研究横向预应力对装配式空心板桥梁抗裂性能的影响。结果表明:竖向梯度温度作用下,空心板桥梁铰缝截面产生极大的拉应力,是导致铰缝初期开裂的重要因素;对空心板桥梁施加横向预应力能有效的消除铰缝处由于温度作用效应所产生的拉应力,使铰缝处于受压状态,提高铰缝的抗裂性能。研究所得结论能为解决装配式空心板桥梁铰缝病害提供借鉴。     

装配式空心板斜交桥梁横向预应力的抗裂性能研究

与普通直桥相比,装配式空心板斜交桥梁的特殊之处在于其带有一定角度的端部。在斜桥两直边施加横向预应力时,端部达不到预压的效果。针对这一问题,提出了斜交桥梁横向预应力施加的方案,并利用ABAQUS有限元软件建立装配式空心板桥梁实体模型,计算并分析了斜交桥梁横向预应力的抗裂性能。结果表明:当车辆荷载和负梯度温度场共同作用时,极易导致桥面板开裂;忽略端部影响仅在直线部位施加预应力时,其在端部区域各铰缝均未取得较好的预压效果;在斜边各1/3处施加一道横向预应力可使得绝大部分的铰缝处于受压状态,大大提高铰缝的抗裂性能。研究所得结论能为装配式空心板斜交桥梁施加横向预应力的设计提供参考和借鉴。     

23万吨/年硫酸废热锅炉特性及剖析

全面介绍了２３万吨／年硫酸装置废热锅炉的技术特性、结构特点、热力系统及优越性，并对存在问题进行了剖析，以供今后设计时参考。     

T形钢管混凝土短柱轴压性能研究

为改善异形钢管混凝土柱力学性能,提出了设置钢筋加劲肋的异形钢管混凝土柱的结构形式。根据两根有无钢筋加劲肋的T形钢管混凝土轴压短柱的试验结果,比较和分析了试件的试验现象、破坏模式及荷载位移曲线。结果表明:T形钢管混凝土中钢板对核心混凝土约束效果不明显;钢筋加劲肋可有效延缓屈曲发生,柱子的延性得到改善。同时采用有限元程序ABAQUS对试件的试验全过程进行了模拟,计算结果与试验结果吻合较好。通过数值计算,分析了各参数对异形钢管混凝土柱的影响规律,为进一步开展设置钢筋加劲肋短柱研究工作提供了依据。     

中国钢筋混凝土柱的位移角统计分析

根据收集到的80根中国的钢筋混凝土柱在固定轴向荷载和水平反复荷载作用下的试验结果,分析回归出试验柱的延性系数和各位移角与剪跨比、轴压比、配箍特征值之间的关系．结果表明：钢筋混凝土柱的延性系数随着轴压比和剪跨比的增加而减小,随配箍特征值的增加而增加,且都近似呈线性关系;随着轴压比的增大,屈服位移角和极限位移角均增大,最大位移角则随着轴压比的增大而减小;随着剪跨比的增大,屈服位移角、最大位移角和极限位移角均增大;随着配箍特征值的增大,屈服位移角、最大位移角和极限位移角亦相应增大．通过对试验柱位移角进行频数统计分析可知,我国建筑抗震设计安全水准偏低,现行规范的屈服位移角和极限位移角限值有提高的余地．     

Forced transverse vibration of rolls for four-high rolling mill

In order to investigate the forced transverse vibration of rolls under distributed draught pressure and moment of bending roll force, the forced transverse vibration model of rolls for four-high rolling mill was established. The work roll and backup roll were considered as elastic continuous bodies that were joined by a Winkler elastic layer. According to Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, the forced transverse vibration of rolls was analyzed based on modal superposition method. The forced vibration equations were established when the draught pressure and moment of bending roll force were imposed on the rolls respectively. Numerical modeling was made on 2 030 mm cold tandem rolling mill of Baoshan Iron and Steel Company. Simulation results show that when the work roll is only subjected to different forms of draught pressures, the vibration curves of work roll and backup roll are quadratic curves with amplitudes of 0.3 mm and 45 μm, respectively. When only the moments of bending roll force are imposed on the work roll and backup roll, the vibration curves of work roll and backup roll are quadratic curves, and the amplitudes are 5.0 and 1.6 μm, respectively. The influence of moment of bending roll force on the vibration of work roll is related with the bending roll force.     

Dynamic Shear Stress Measurements of PMMA

In this paper, experiments of one-dimensional plane plate impact on polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) targets are conducted, in which dynamic transverse stresses induced in the targets are measured using a new type of manganin piezoresistive stress gauge having 50 Ω low-pressure narrow grid-like foil. It is shown that this new instrument can improve measurement accuracy remarkably by reducing the so-called strain effect. Moreover, relationship between shear stress and longitudinal stress within a certain range of the latter is obtained.     

Crystalline orientation assessment in transversely isotropic semicrystalline polymer: Application to oedometric compaction of PTFE

The Hermans orientation factor is a scalar giving a simple assessment of molecular or crystal orientation in a polymer. It is usually determined from X-ray diffraction measurements. The evaluation of the Hermans orientation factor is proposed from the diffraction analysis of only a single diffracting plane. The estimation relies on (a) the assumption that the polymer crystals possess a cylindrical symmetry with respect to the chain direction and (b) that the processing conditions induce a transverse isotropy of the polymer chains. A practical consequence of the proposed analysis is that the Hermans orientation factor can be computed from a single 1D diffractogram. This enables fast evaluations since even low signal-to-noise ratio signals can be processed with optimal noise reduction. An illustration of this method for uniaxially compacted polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) powder is presented. The crystalline orientation is followed during in situ crystallization experiments with a fine time resolution.     

同杆并架线路阻抗比横联差动保护研究

传统同杆并架电流横联差动(横差)保护存在灵敏度低、相继动作区较大等不足,难以满足高电压等级和考虑线路参数不对称同杆并架线路的要求。该文提出一种利用阻抗比即同相测量阻抗差与同相测量阻抗和之比构成的横差保护判据,分析该判据较少受系统运行方式影响、相继动作区小的原因,并对其进行仿真验证。理论研究和PSCAD/EMTDC仿真结果表明,与电流横差相比,阻抗比横差能够显著缩小相继动作区的大小,具有原理简单、可靠性高、适用于参数不对称线路的优点。