基于PLC的液压自动循环控制系统

阐述了采用可编程控制器(PLC)进行液压自动循环控制系统的设计方法,详细说明了三菱公司的EX2N微型机在本系统中的应用以及PLC控制过程的工作原理,其中包括I/O端口的分配、确定I/O点数、以及PLC的控制电路及梯形图.     

A trapezoidal cycle with theoretical model based on organic Rankine cycle

Based on organic Rankine cycle (ORC), a trapezoidal cycle with theoretical model is proposed and built according to the trapezoidal configuration and the thermodynamic relation in T–s diagram. Simulations show that the relative deviation between trapezoidal cycle and ORC is lower than 5% within evaporation temperature of 5 °C lower than the critical temperature of the working fluids. Empirical equations to calculate the optimal evaporation temperature, the maximum net power output and the corresponding thermal efficiency are built, which relative deviations from ORC are lower than 4%. Trapezoidal cycle can break through the restrictions of the actual working fluids and the configuration of the ORC to extend the study of the ORC and investigate the general principle of the ORC (or the trapezoidal cycle). Trapezoidal cycle can develop to trilateral cycle or Carnot cycle, which are the boundary cycles of the trapezoidal cycle. Trapezoidal cycle can be used as a general cycle to investigate the relations and principles among the trilateral cycle, Carnot cycle and trapezoidal cycle (or ORC). The performance of these three cycles at maximum power and their relations are investigated in the same conditions of finite heat source. Results show that the maximum power and the corresponding thermal efficiency of the trapezoidal cycle are bounded between Carnot cycle and trilateral cycle. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

厦门市汀溪灌区总干渠洪水复核方法探讨

汀溪灌区作为汀溪水库群的农业供水对象,其灌溉用水量的大小直接关系到汀溪水库群向翔安、同安两区的水资源供需平衡,甚至影响厦门市水资源配置方案。但由于灌溉面积和渠道功能发生变化,有必要进行洪水分析复核从而重新确定工程规模。本文对汀溪灌区总干渠洪水复核方法进行探讨,供参考。     

探究用宏指令构建数控车削梯形螺纹模块

介绍了梯形螺纹的加工工艺,提出用宏指令编写梯形螺纹加工模块的方法。     

基于梯形云模型的电能质量数据关联性挖掘方法

提出了一种基于梯形云模型的电能质量数据关联性挖掘方法。利用梯形云对电能质量指标进行等级概念区间划分,有效集成随机性和模糊性,达到软化区间边界目的。定义了基于梯形云的支持度和置信度计算公式,从电能质量数据库中挖掘关联规则,并配合使用Kulczynski量度和不平衡比作进一步相关性分析,过滤掉无意义的关联规则。通过对电能质量数据之间的关联性进行挖掘分析,可以发现电网中隐藏的运行特性,为管理部门制定决策提供有价值的信息。实例分析验证了所提方法的实用性和有效性。     

有源重要用户供电风险评估方法研究

为切实保障有源重要用户的利益,挖掘供电过程中可能诱发用户安全、优质性和效益这3个方面需求不被满足从而产生风险的供电风险因素,归纳分类形成供电风险元。基于风险元传递思想,利用梯形相似模糊数建立了供电风险与用户需求风险之间的映射关系,定义了期望值函数使模糊数精确化,通过专家意见得到用户需求风险指标下的风险评估矩阵。考虑到用户需求风险指标之间具有很高的相关度,采用马氏距离代替传统的欧式距离求解每个供电风险元与正负理想解之间的距离,计算出每个风险元的风险值,根据TOPSIS思想对供电风险元威胁大小进行排序,排序结果可以很好地帮助供电公司辨识重要风险,制定规避策略。最后通过对比分析证明了所提方法的科学性和合理性。     

运河古镇传统空间格局的图解初探——以常州市孟城、万绥两镇为例

以常州市新北区孟城、万绥两座运河古镇为例,探寻古镇传统空间格局的解析方法。以点、线、面、自然基底四要素为切入点,从构成要素和组合方式两方面对比分析了在传统条件和现实状况下古镇空间构成要素的分布特征与组合方式之异同,以期了解古镇传统空间格局特质,并为日后的保护管控及规划提供依据。     

Gas-shielded welding with electrode oscillations. Thermal problem

A method is proposed for calculating the temperature field in welding with trapezoidal oscillations of the welding arc, including the equation of the temperature field for the scheme of the moving surface heat source with normal distribution, the equation of trapezoidal oscillation in the form of the sum of Fourier series and the experimentally determined dependence of the effective radius of the heating spot of the arc r₀ on the welding conditions. The dependence of the effective radius of the heating spot of the arc r₀ on the welding conditions is determined by the similarity methods for welding of low-carbon and low-alloy steels in CO₂ and a mixture of the gases Ar + 20% CO₂. The comparison of the calculated temperatures and the results obtained in full-size experiments in welding of the pipes shows that the proposed calculation method results in sufficiently accurate determination of the temperature fields for practical applications.     

电阻点焊中电极位移三段距离测量方法及试验验证

针对电阻点焊中传统的上电极运动测量方法和长臂工装测量方法中,因焊接过程中焊接热膨胀力引起的焊钳变形带来电极位移测量误差,提出了采用梯形关系和三段距离的电极位移测量方法,并对比分析了这两种测量方法的累计计算误差;然后针对误差较小的三段距离测量方法,通过设计倒F形工装,采用激光位移传感器和基于LabVIEW编程的嵌入式工控机数据采集系统等组成的电极位移试验监测和验证系统,用工艺试验进行验证.结果表明,三段距离测量方法具有准确性和可行性,由动态电极力引起的C形焊钳下电极的变形位移是不可忽略的电极位移值的组成部分.