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91.
对鸡头米中提取栲胶的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在芡实栲胶提取中初步研究结果表明:在使用65%的乙醇的水溶液,粒度为0.3cm方块,浸提温度选择在55℃,浸出时间选择在2h,乙醇水溶液中的水应使用蒸馏水,加入适量的表面活性剂。浸提液的酸碱性为中性等条件下可得到栲胶9%~13%。 相似文献
92.
人工神经网络及其在窑炉动态温度场的模拟研究 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
本文阐述了人工神经网络的发展、基本原理以及前馈神经网络的反向传播学习算法,并应用单孢层网络进行了窑炉烧嘴温度场分布的仿真研究。结果表明。用非线性神经元网络模拟在窑炉温度场预测和控制方面是可行的。 相似文献
93.
渠道断面优化是控制农田水利工程成本的重要因素,已有的渠道断面优化研究以梯形渠道为主,对U型渠道研究较少。以优化U型渠道深度、圆弧半径和直线段外倾角为目标,建立以U型渠道过水断面面积最小为目标函数、满足设计流量要求的数学优化模型。根据U型渠道水力计算的复杂性,利用引入协调行为的两阶段人工鱼群算法,对渠道断面设计进行优化。优化结果满足边坡稳定等约束条件。将模型应用于连云港市赣榆区黑林镇土地整理项目,10条斗渠过水断面面积均减小,优化后占地面积共减少28.603 m~2,占原占地面积的5.0%。 相似文献
94.
The aim of the paper is to design high-order artificial boundary conditions for the Schrödinger equation on unbounded domains in parallel with a treatment of the heat equation. We first introduce a circular artificial boundary to divide the unbounded definition domain into a bounded computational domain and an unbounded exterior domain. On the exterior domain, the Laplace transformation in time and Fourier series in space are applied to achieve the relation of special functions. Then the rational functions are used to approximate the relation of the special functions. Applying the inverse Laplace transformation to a series of simple rational function, we finally obtain the corresponding high-order artificial boundary conditions, where a sequence of auxiliary variables are utilized to avoid the high-order derivatives in respect to time and space. Furthermore, the finite difference method is formulated to discretize the reduced initial–boundary value problem with high-order artificial boundary conditions on a bounded computational domain. Numerical experiments are presented to illustrate the performance of our method. 相似文献
95.
Antonio M. Ortiz Fernando Royo Teresa Olivares Jose Carlos Castillo Luis Orozco‐Barbosa 《Expert Systems》2014,31(2):154-162
ZigBee is the primary standard solution for wireless sensor networks, implementing the Ad hoc On‐Demand Distance Vector (AODV) protocol in the network layer and supported by the standard IEEE 802.15.4. This study is focused on mesh topologies and the critical problems encountered when AODV is executed in conjunction with the Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance protocol. These problems are mainly related to the packet overhead required to carry out route creation. To perform preliminary experiments to be able to implement AODV in a real network, a new metric is proposed herein. This metric uses fuzzy logic to help in the decision‐making process. The objective of the fuzzy routine is to determine, during the route‐discovery process, the best node to forward request/reply packets, with the aim of reducing packet overhead and energy consumption. Moreover, minor changes are also added to the discovery procedure of AODV to improve the performance of the route‐creation process. This intelligent version of AODV has provided promising experimental results, greatly reducing the number of packets required, with the consequent energy saving while selecting the best nodes to be part of the routes. 相似文献
96.
Occurrence patterns of alien freshwater turtles in a large urban pond ‘Archipelago’ (Rome,Italy): Suggesting hypotheses on root causes
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Maria Paola Di Santo Leonardo Vignoli Giuseppe M. Carpaneto Corrado Battisti 《Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and Management》2017,22(1):56-64
The patterns of the occurrence and distribution of alien freshwater turtle species in an urban pond archipelago (Rome, Italy) were analysed, with the aim of exploring the role of a set of factors (type of ponds, landscape context, size area, distance from the nearest road) with a generalized linear model approach. A total of 311 ponds subdivided in three types (fountains, small basins, lakes) embedded in different landscape contexts (public parks, private parks, urban areas) at differing distances from the nearest road were sampled. Six non‐native freshwater turtle species in 31 sites were recorded (9.97%). Lakes exhibited the highest occurrence rates of alien freshwater turtles, compared to small basins and fountains. Freshwater turtle species in urbanized areas were only observed in parks (both public and private). In both the public and private parks, the lakes exhibited the highest percentage of occupied sites, with fountains being the lowest. A direct and significant relationship was observed between pond size and species richness. The distance from the nearest road did not appear to affect species richness. A first interpretation of the data from this study facilitated the postulation of two a posteriori hypotheses that should be tested, as follows: (i) the causal process of turtle release is random, and the rate of extinction (and recapture) is higher in smaller ponds, thus producing the observed pattern; and (ii) the turtle release is not random, and people actively select the ponds they consider more suitable for their pet animals. In this study, it appears the lakes were perceived by those who abandon their pets as the most ecologically suitable habitats among other pond types to accommodate the different species of turtles. Knowledge of people's attitudes in regard to releasing pet animals also might assist managers of public green spaces to develop strategies aimed to preserve local biodiversity, and to educate the public about the conservation issue represented by the alien species. 相似文献
97.
98.
Electrostatic actuators have the advantages of light weight, flexibility, and high energy efficiency, which make them suitable for use as artificial muscles. However, a traditional electrostatic actuator cannot generate long strokes and a high force density at the same time because such actuator would excessively widen the gap between the electrodes because of its structure. This paper presents a newly developed large-scale stacked-type electrostatic actuator (LSEA) intended for use as an artificial muscle for robots. LSEA is a multi-stacked electrostatic actuator that can be linearly contracted by the application of a voltage. It has a unique structure that prevents overextension of the gap between the electrodes. It can therefore generate a large force. The spring characteristics and the relationship between the contractive force and the stroke were experimentally determined. The findings showed that LSEA prevents the overextension of the gap between the electrodes and has a high contraction ratio that is equivalent to that of a mammalian skeletal muscle. 相似文献
99.
针对空中交通管理中的进港航班排序问题, 提出了人工鱼群—粒子群混合算法(AFPSO)这一航班排序算法来优化进港航班排序, 使时段内进港航班队列总延误时间最少。算法结合了基本人工鱼群算法(AFSA)和基本粒子群算法(PSO)各自的优点, 先以AFSA在全局寻找满意的解域, 再以PSO算法在这些解域中进行快速的局部搜索获得精确解, 最终使算法提高收敛速度和搜索精度。仿真结果表明, 在单跑道和双跑道情况下, AFPSO算法使得航班队列总延误时间比FCFS调度方法减少了20. 9%和34. 4%, 比基本AFSA减少了3. 2%和3. 5%。算法得到的满意解能够为自动化空中交通管理提供实时支持。 相似文献
100.