北京市电供暖经济可行性和可持续发展研究

电供暖项目有利于改善大气环境并促进新能源电力消纳,是电力需求侧管理的重要对象。目前电供暖项目经济性较差,大规模建设容易形成政府和电网公司的额外负担。为探讨实现我国电供暖可持续发展的可行方案,构建了临界电价模型,并基于调研获取的边界条件数据,计算了北京市3种类型集中式电供暖项目可承受的最高电价。结合冀北地区风电项目输配电价计算和可承受最低电价分析,讨论了北京市集中式电供暖项目的经济可行性,并分析电供暖项目参与电力交易存在的其他障碍,最终提出政策建议。研究结果表明,在无补贴、少补贴条件下部分电供暖项目可通过电力交易实现盈利,大幅减少财政补贴和电网公司负担,从而实现电供暖的可持续发展。     

陕西渭南银电联网实时收费系统现状分析

银电联网系统是用电营销系统的一个子系统,银电联网收费不仅方便了客户．同时也缓解了供电部门自设收费点的压力,具有可观的社会效益。介绍了渭南供电局与各商业银行联网收取电费技术方案,对目前银电联网系统的效率、稳定性、联网范围、经济效益、社会效益等问题进行了分析。     

海上风电供给模型与发展规模预测研究

为预测现行电价政策下我国海上风电的发展规模,构建了供给模型:以我国沿海全部100多个海上风电规划项目为研究对象,采用Weibull模型计算项目年发电量,利用自上而下和数据拟合的研究方法构建投资模型计算项目发电成本,基于项目基准收益率的定义,首次给出了基于规划项目的我国海上风电供给曲线.根据海上风电供给曲线,考虑现行固定电价政策给定的电价水平,预测我国海上风电近期的发展规模.根据我国海上风电上网电价和当地脱硫燃煤标杆电价的差异,还计算了我国海上风电预测规模对应的年总补贴额和相应电价附加增量,并首次使用总装机容量、年总发电量、年总补贴额和电价附加增量四维坐标图度量不同上网电价条件下我国海上风电的发展规模和补贴状况.     

一种新的大用户进入电力市场购电模式研究

结合中国区域电力市场化改革化的实际,提出一种新的大用户进入市场购电的方案。符合条件的大用户直接进入区域电力交易中心,成为独立的购电主体。进入区域交易中心的大用户也必须承担一定的交叉补贴费,交叉补贴根据一定标准按照每个kW h进行分摊,根据具体的市场规则,并根据按报价支付模式支付购电费用,然后对提供转运服务的电网公司支付输电费用。现就新模式的具体方案,对大用户进入市场后的市场规则,交叉补贴费的分担原则,以及输电费的计算问题进行深入的研究,给出了相应的解决方案。     

An investigation on fairness perception for grid tariff models: Evidence from Denmark

The grid tariff design has become an important issue for green transition and has been understudied. Depending on how costs are allocated to end-users, different network pricing models can have an influence on the success of the green transition. Consumer perceptions of the fairness of varying tariff models are of great importance to policymakers. The objective of this study is to investigate consumer perceptions of fairness of different tariff models in Denmark. These tariff models include capacity charge, transport charge, dynamic tariff, Ramsey, flat tariff, and socialized tariff. A total of 793 usable respondents were included in the analysis. The result indicates that a majority of consumers perceive cost-reflective pricing models to be fair. In contrast, Ramsey pricing was considered to be unfair by most consumers. Furthermore, the heterogeneity in consumer perceptions was captured: the dynamic tariff preferred (56.7%), the transportation tariff preferred (12.1%), and the flat rate preferred (21.2%). The results of this study are expected to contribute to the design of new grid tariff models in Denmark and internationally.     

Options for change: Restructuring California’s residential inclining rates for a better electricity future

Local distribution companies (LDCs) regulated by the California Public Utilities Commission use mandatory inclining rates (MIR) to bill their residential electricity customers. However, MIR hinder the California electricity industry’s provision of clean and reliable service at affordable rates. Hence, we consider the following options to restructure MIR: (1) adopting a flat energy rate and revised customer charges; (2) replacing the flat rate in (1) with time-of-use (TOU) rates; (3) replacing the TOU rates in (2) with real-time pricing; (4) replacing (3) with a Hopkinson tariff with reliability differentiation. Our assessment of these options recommends sequential implementation (1), (2) and (4), thus lessening the potentially large and adverse bill impacts on some residential end-users caused by a drastic rate design change. Our recommended implementation sequence is (2) and (4) when the potentially large bill impacts of TOU pricing on the small and poor end-users with relatively high peak kWh consumption are to be mitigated by income-based customer charges.     

成都地区某商业用户储能投资收益分析

用户侧储能的投资收益决定了其市场发展前景。结合成都地区目前的储能市场、电价政策、充放电效率、容量衰减等因素对成都地区执行10 kV两部制电价的用户在全寿命周期内的投资收益情况进行测算,测算过程中考虑了分时电价收益、政府补贴、容量电费管理等多方面因素影响。最后,结合某商业用户的实际负荷情况测算了该客户储能投资收益情况。     

Analysis of a current water tariff and attitudes towards change: A representative study from a Palestinian city

The problem of an outdated tariff has become acute recently with increased water scarcity in Palestine. Therefore, the goals of the study were to analyse the factors that could affect the water consumption in Jericho governorate, Palestine; explore societal perceptions of alternative water sources; and to identify areas that need to be re-examined for tariff revision or changes to water source and delivery. A total of 76% of the respondents know the water tariff price, and 61% of the sample considers the tariff as high. Future suggestions to raise the price of water will meet resistance. Interestingly, 66% of the respondents agree with the possible future use of treated wastewater, and 46% of the respondents emphasize that treated wastewater is the most favoured solution for water scarcity. Overall, the results indicate the public identifies water conservation as possible and that alternative actions can be applied in order to manage and conserve water resources.