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Comparison of humic acid rejection and flux decline during filtration with negatively charged and uncharged ultrafiltration membranes 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Increasingly stringent regulations for drinking water quality have stimulated the ultrafiltration (UF) to become one of the best alternatives replacing conventional drinking water treatment technologies. However, UF is not very effectively to remove humic acid due to the comparatively larger pore size compared to the size of humic acid. Fouling issue is another factor that restricts its widespread application. In this study, rejection of humic acid and flux decline were compared with essentially neutral, negatively charged version of a regenerated cellulose membrane, in which electrostatic interaction was explored for a better humic acid removal and less fouling. Solution environment, including ionic strength, pH and calcium ion concentration, affecting humic acid removal and flux decline on negatively charged and neutral membranes was also compared. Results indicated that the appropriate charge modification on the neutral UF membrane could be an effective way for better removal of NOM and reduction of the membrane fouling due to the electrostatic interactions with the combination effect of membrane pore size. Electrostatic interactions are significant important to achieve high humic acid removal and less fouling, and to improve the water quality and protect people’s health. 相似文献
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The objectives were to reduce bitterness in reduced-fat Cheddar cheese made with an exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing culture and study relationships among ultra-filtration (UF), residual chymosin activity (RCA), and cheese bitterness. In previous studies, EPS-producing cultures improved the textural, melting, and viscoelastic properties of reduced-fat Cheddar cheese. However, the EPS-positive cheese developed bitterness after 2 to 3 mo of ripening due to increased RCA. We hypothesized that the reduced amount of chymosin needed to coagulate UF milk might result in reduced RCA and bitterness in cheese. Reduced-fat Cheddar cheeses were manufactured with EPS-producing and nonproducing cultures using skim milk or UF milk (1.2×) adjusted to a casein:fat ratio of 1.35. The EPS-producing culture increased moisture and RCA in reduced-fat Cheddar cheese. Lower RCA was found in cheese made from UF milk compared with that in cheese made from control milk. Ultrafiltration at a low concentration rate (1.2×) produced EPS-positive, reduced-fat cheese with similar RCA to that in the EPS-negative cheese. Slower proteolysis was observed in UF cheeses compared with non-UF cheeses. Panelists reported that UF EPS-positive cheese was less bitter than EPS-positive cheese made from control milk. This study showed that UF at a low concentration factor (1.2×) could successfully reduce bitterness in cheese containing a high moisture level. Because this technology reduced the RCA level (per g of protein) to a level similar to that in the control cheeses, the contribution of chymosin to cheese proteolysis would be similar in both cheeses. 相似文献
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A serial filtration system was developed for separating immunoglobulin from egg yolk (IgY). Egg yolk was diluted 10 times with water, adjusted to pH 5.0, frozen, then thawed. The diluted yolk was diafiltered through a hard filter paper at 4-6°C to produce a clear water-soluble fraction (WSF). The WSF was then delipidated by filtering through a hydrophobic membrane filter. Ultrafiltration of delipidated WSF at pH 9.0, at 4-6°C, in the presence of 1.5M NaCl resulted in electrophoretically pure (>90%) IgY with a recovery of about 92%. Advantages of this method are the use of only a few mild chemicals and the potential of developing a continuous process. 相似文献
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Roberto Castro-Muñoz Carmela Conidi 《Critical reviews in food science and nutrition》2019,59(18):2927-2948
ABSTRACTTo date, according to the latest literature inputs, membranes-based technologies (microfiltration, ultrafiltration and nanofiltration) have demonstrated to meet the recovery of biologically active compounds, mainly phenolic compounds and their derivatives, from agro-food products and by-products. The goal of this paper is to provide a critical overview of the on ongoing development works aimed at improving the separation, fractionation and concentration of phenolic compounds and their derivatives from their original sources. The literature data are analyzed and discussed in relation to separation processes, molecule properties, membrane characteristics and key factors affecting the performance of such technologies. Technological advances and improvements over conventional technologies, as well as critical aspects to be further investigated are highlighted and discussed. Finally, a critical outlook about the current status for a large-scale application and the role of these processes from an environmental viewpoint is provided. 相似文献
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迟玉杰 《食品安全质量检测学报》2013,4(5):1543-1549
目的 研究蛋清蛋白肽抗氧化作用模式。方法 利用超滤技术分离蛋清蛋白木瓜蛋白酶酶解产物; 采用Fenton体系、邻苯三酚自氧化体系和亚油酸自氧化体系分别测定超滤各组分清除羟自由基、超氧阴离子及抑制脂质过氧化的能力, 同时测定各组分对二苯代苦味肼基自由基清除能力(DPPH自由基)、还原能力及对猪胎儿成纤维细胞(porcine embryonic fibroblast, PEF)过氧化损伤的保护作用。结果 超滤各组分中分子量小于3 kDa组分(蛋清蛋白酶解产物-Ⅲ, egg white protein hydrolysate, EWPH-Ⅲ)占蛋清蛋白酶解产物(EWPHs)总量的50.06%。EWPH的抗氧化活性随分子量的降低而增强(P<0.05), 其中EWPH-Ⅲ在浓度为5 mg/mL时, 对羟自由基、超氧阴离子、DPPH自由基的清除率分别为52.86%、35.05%和78.74%, 对亚油酸氧化的抑制率为74.57%。在浓度为2.5 mg/mL时, PEF细胞存活率达到70.06%。结论 蛋清蛋白肽具有较强的抗氧化活性且分子量越小, 抗氧化活性越强, 可以作为氢供体、自由基稳定剂和金属离子螯合剂来抑制过氧化作用。 相似文献
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