微波辐射活性炭固载对甲苯磺酸催化合成乙酸异戊酯

用颗粒状活性炭固载对甲苯磺酸作催化剂，在微波辐射下合成乙酸异戊酯。实验结果显示，当微波功率为150W，催化剂用量为1．4g，n(醇)：n(酸)=1．2：1，反应时间30min，酯化率为98．0％以上。另外通过实验发现，微波辐射下其反应速率明显高于常规加热方式。     

间甲基苯甲脒盐酸盐的合成研究

间甲基苯甲脒盐酸盐是农药和医药研究领域一个十分重要的原材料和中间体。间甲基苯甲脒盐酸盐的两步合成法是先以盐酸羟胺制备间甲基苯甲脒肟再通过加氢还原即可得到。在制备间甲基苯脒肟时，单因素考察了常规热反应、微波合成法、超声波合成法对间甲基苯脒肟产率的影响。并探索了一锅法合成间甲基苯甲脒盐酸盐的可行性。所得化合物由沸点、氢谱、质谱确认。实验结果表明：三种方式合成间甲基苯甲脒肟，其产率从大到小依次为：微波合成法>超声波合成法>常规热反应。本实验采用两步法合成间甲基苯甲脒盐酸盐的总产率为58.05%，采用一锅法合成间甲基苯甲脒盐酸盐的产率为78.19%。两步法和一锅法均可用于合成间甲基苯甲脒盐酸盐。     

Antimicrobial protection of cotton and cotton/polyester fabrics by radiation and thermal treatments. I. Effect of ZnO formulation on the mechanical and dyeing properties

Cotton and cotton/polyester fabrics were treated against microbial attack by applying a formulation based essentially on ZnO under high‐energy radiation and thermal curing. To achieve the homogeneity and the reactivity of the treating formulation, a binder (Impron MTP) and a dispersing agent (Setamol WS) were used with ZnO. The antimicrobial property of the fabrics was evaluated, in terms of mechanical properties, by a soil burial test. Moreover, the effect of antimicrobial finishing on the dyeing properties in terms of color strength was investigated. It was found that the best composition that affords the best antimicrobial protection to cotton fabrics contains 2% ZnO, 2% binder, and 1% dispersing agents. For the cotton/polyester blend, the best results were achieved at the same conditions except the ZnO was 1%. It was found that the treatment under the effect of electron‐beam irradiation is better than that of gamma irradiation and thermal curing. The results showed that when the finishing process was carried out before dyeing with a reactive dye, it affects the color strength rather than performing the finishing after the dyeing process. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 1129–1137, 2003     

Long-term weathering behavior of UV-curable clearcoats: Depth profiling of photooxidation,UVA, and HALS distributions

The long-term weathering performance of two UV-curable clearcoat systems was studied using in-plane microtomy in combination with infrared spectroscopy, UV spectroscopy, and ESR spectroscopy. Oxygen transport characteristics were also studied using the half-time method. The photooxidation versus depth profile was highly dependant on the presence of hindered amine light stabilizers (HALS) for both coating systems. Ultraviolet light absorbers (UVA) had little effect on the photooxidation profile. A photooxidation gradient was formed in both clearcoats due to a reduction in oxygen solubility when compared to standard thermoset clearcoats. This gradient was only seen in formulations not containing HALS. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, on October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Polymerization of diisopropyl fumarate under microwave irradiation

Diisopropyl fumarate (DiPF), a representative monomer of dialkyl fumarates, was polymerized by microwave irradiation at three different powers (140, 210, and 280 W), using a domestic microwave oven. The nature and concentration of initiators [2,2′‐azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) and benzoyl peroxide (BP)], power and energy of microwave irradiation on the conversion, weight average molecular weight (M_w), and polydispersity index (M_w/M_n) were analyzed. The results indicate that the microwave conditions have a significant nonthermal effect in enhancing the polymerization rate of DiPF. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 3785–3791, 2007     

日光照射对荧光增白剂VBL顺-反异构现象影响的研究

用紫外光谱和荧光光谱法对日光照射荧光增白剂VBL溶液进行了研究。结果表明、随日光照射时间的延长，VBL溶液在432nm处荧光强度下降；而在267nm处有所增强，低浓度溶液对日光照射更加敏感。1mg／1在避光时测得吸光度为0.449，而在日光照射15分钟后，其吸光度下降至0.141，证明日光照射使VBL溶液中的顺式异构体增加。     

超声辐照制备SrFeO3降解苯酚光催化性能研究

采用超声辐照柠檬酸络合法制备了复合氧化物SrFeO3，以苯酚为光催化探针分子，以450W高压汞灯为光源（主波长〉410nm），研究了SrFeO3光催化性能、研究表明，经过超声辐照制备的SrFeO3光催化活性提高一倍以上。XRD、TEM、DRS表征结果表明，超声辐照制备的SrFeO3粒径均匀、分散性好、粒径较小，光吸收红移显著。探讨了超声提高催化性能的机理。     

紫外线吸收剂2，2，，4-三羟基二苯甲酮的合成

以水杨酸和间苯二酚为原料,无水氯化锌为催化剂,氯苯为溶剂,通过Friedel-Crafts反应合成了紫外线吸收剂2,2’,4-三羟基二苯甲酮。考察了反应温度、时间、原料配比对产品收率的影响。结果表明:在n(间苯二酚)∶n(水杨酸)=1∶1.2、反应温度120℃、反应时间3h的条件下,收率90%;产物经红外光谱、紫外光谱进行了表征,证明为二苯甲酮类物质,可用做紫外线吸收剂。     

新型光化学反应器及二氧化碳光解反应研究

研究设计了可产生波长小于200 nm真空紫外光的光化学反应器,首次利用该波段的光在该反应器中进行了CO2光解反应的研究。用氮气为发光介质对其进行光强标定,实验表明主要产生120、149、174 nm波长的光(N原子谱线);实验条件下CO2光解后生成产物CO,结果表明光源电流一定时产生CO的量与光源工作气体的压力有关,在CO2和N2反应物系中,光源内发光介质N2的压力在2 500 Pa左右时CO的产率最大,而在该反应物系中加入甲烷后,CO的产率明显增大。     

Chemical properties of femoral gland secretions in the desert iguana,Dipsosaurus dorsalis

This study investigates the chemistry of femoral gland secretions in the desert iguana,Dipsosaurus dorsalis (Lacertilia: Iguanidae), and discusses their possible functional significance. Electrophoretic and proton NMR studies indicated that the secretions are composed of approximately 80 % protein and 20% lipid material. Individual differences in polyacrylamide gel banding patterns of femoral gland proteins were found. Reflectance spectroscopy revealed that the secretions strongly absorb longwave ultraviolet light, a feature that may be important in the localization of secretion deposits in the environment.