榆林气田陕209井富水区开发技术研究

榆林气田主要产层为山西组的山2~3,小层,构造为东高西低的单斜构造。陕209井区普遍出现气水层和水层,试气过程中个别井气水同产,生产过程中气藏边部靠近水体的几口生产井不同程度地产地层水,个别井出水量大,严重影响了气井产能,对整个气田的高效开发不利。研究着重于在气藏水体分布规律和气水同产井开发动态分析的基础上,采用多种方法,对有水气藏的配产和水侵特征进行研究分析,为有水气藏出水综合治理和开发提供科学依据。     

Lean Software Development: Two Case Studies

This paper shows how the concepts of lean manufacturing can be successfully transferred from the manufacture of cars and electrical goods to software development. The key lean concept is to minimize work in progress, so quickly forcing any production problems into the open. Production is then halted to allow each problem with the system producing the goods, to be permanently corrected. While frustrating at first, the end result is very high levels of productivity and quality.Large industrial companies are beginning to transfer their lean production expertise to their in-house software development projects. The two case studies reported here confirm that lean software development can produce rapid quality and productivity gains. A major implementation issue is that lean software development may require deep changes in the way an organization is managed.     

以过程管理提高研发生产率

时至今日，仍有许多研发项目不能满足目标成本，时间或质量的要求。问题的原因在于对研发过程的管理有欠缺。过程管理意味着，满足顾客要求，实现面向目标的控制，连续改进，如果有必要则进行彻底的更新。本文对如何设计和管理研发过程从而满足项目目标并达到更高的研发生产率进行了描述。     

对城市与城市规划的几点新认识

本文是作者学习江泽民同志“七一”重要讲话后 ,从先进生产力与城市发展的相互促进 ,城市发展与文化的关系 ,及城市规划是为广大人民服务的事业等方面阐述了对城市及城市规划的一些新认识。     

安棚深层系低渗透储层产能预测方法及应用

安棚深层系属典型的低孔隙度、低渗透率砂岩地层,储层自然产能低.针对该区措施后能否具有产能的有效储层的界限难以确定,研究了区域组合测井曲线响应特征,并根据地区经验、统计规律的地区适用性考察结果,优选了声波时差曲线、深浅侧向电阻率曲线差异、深侧向微球电阻率曲线差异以及RAD系数等4个测井特征参数,同时根据单井工业油流的标准和该区压裂改造层有效厚度的统计,把压裂后储层产能按产液量分为0～0.63 t/(d·m)和大于0.63 t/(d·m)的A和B的2个级别.用概率神经网络建立了适合该区的产能分级预测模型,预测模型中的产能级别与工业油流的下限值相联系,对该区10个层进行了检验,预测效果良好.     

内胎φ200挤出生产线电气动力变频改造

针对原内胎φ200挤出生产线设备存在生产效率低，电能消耗高的不足，对内胎φ200挤出机电气动力系统进行改造。采用三相交流异步电机加变频器控制系统，提高了设备生产效率，降低了设备运行能耗，达到了设备经济运行的目的。     

海上稠油油田合理单井产能预测新方法

海上稠油油田开发具有特殊性,使得常规产能评价方法的应用受到限制。目前海上油田产能评价采用基于DST测试资料的比采油指数法,由于校正系数是经验值,取值具有人为性,往往导致产能评价结果过高或过低。通过分析层间干扰、DST测试时间及地层伤害等因素对产能的影响,提出了海上稠油油田合理单井产能预测的新方法,该方法将经验校正系数分解为3个分校正系数,即层间干扰校正系数、DST测试时间校正系数和地层伤害校正系数,并给出了各自的确定方法。实例应用表明,采用该方法能够得到较传统的比采油指数法更加客观的产能评价结果。     

封闭边界油藏水平井产能模型

随着油气勘探开发技术的发展,水平井以其泄油面积大、油气流动阻力小的突出优点越来越受到人们的重视。而水平井的产能预测,可以预测该水平井的开发效益及经济回报,为此对水平井产能的研究也就尤为重要。本文在前人对产能研究的基础上,通过分析在上下封闭边界油藏内有一口水平裸眼井的垂直面内渗流阻力及垂直面内径向渗流等效外边界半径,在考虑了完井损害和垂向渗透率对产能的影响条件下,建立了上下封闭边界油藏中一口水平井裸眼完井时的产能模型。     

无壳体高能气体压裂弹工艺介绍

无壳体高能气体压裂弹采用多级连接装配 ,通过电缆直接作用于目的层 ,既可在地面组装 ,也可在井口连接。其燃烧产生的高能气体 ,可使油气层形成多条裂缝 ,解除了油气层的污染 ,同时这些裂缝又与天然裂缝连通 ,对地层压裂和解堵效果明显     

Soil productivity analysis based on a fuzzy logic system

BACKGROUND: Maintaining soil productivity is essential if agriculture production systems are to be sustainable. However, there is a paucity of tools for measurement for the purpose of understanding changes in soil productivity. Fuzzy logic‐based analysis offers this possibility. It is a new method on the evaluation of soil productivity in Turkey and even in the world. RESULTS: Values for pH, salinity, carbonate and organic matter were entered into the system as input variables so as to obtain soil productivity as the output. After the membership functions related to input and output were determined, rules were created. Then, the fuzzy logic system was applied separately to pH, salinity, lime and organic matter values of different soil types present in the Kocaeli region with the aim of obtaining corresponding fuzzy values. Thus, soil productivity profiles of the region were deciphered. CONCLUSION: Organic matter levels in the study field remained below 30 g kg^?1 and varied between 22 and 28 g kg^?1. Productivity values were obtained as a percentage and varied between 16.9% and 18.1%. The lime content of the study soils varied in the range of 33–88 g kg^?1. Average totals for salt values of the field changed between 0.58 and 0.77 g kg^?1. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry