准噶尔盆地白家海地区侏罗系聚煤作用与层序地层

煤层在层序划分与对比中具有十分重要的参考意义。以准噶尔盆地白家海地区侏罗系为例，通过对该地区几个聚煤时期的碎屑物质的供应程度、古地貌格局、湖平面变化（基准面变化）、气候及古植物等内在与外在因素的分析，并结合侏罗系高分辨率层序地层研究，认为该地区侏罗系煤层受多种因素控制，并主要发育于基准面稳定上升的早期，且与层序的时空演化存在着有机联系。     

伊犁盆地生成发展概述

本文对伊犁盆地的生成和发展做了初步探讨,认为它是在前震旦纪结晶基底之上经历了较长时间的抬升之后形成和发展起来的双层结构盆地,即石炭纪体内裂谷盆地,石炭纪后山间陆相盆地。     

Water quality surveys: A statistical method based on determinism, quantiles and the binomial distribution

A statistical method for surveying water quality and analysing the results in terms of quantiles is described. The value of a water quality variable in a grab-sample is taken as a deterministic function of the temporal and spatial coordinates of the sampling point. Quantiles can then be defined for any specified region in time and space as unique, fixed values, and randomly located grab-samples may be used to estimate them for the purposes of describing or regulating water quality. Robust statistical inferences are possible using the binomial distribution. Properties of the quantiles, confidence limits, comparisons with fixed values or between regions, assessment of trends, simultaneous inferences and estimation of sample sizes are discussed. Two examples of water quality surveys, one of Port Phillip Bay, the other of the Maribyrnong River, Victoria, are used to illustrate the theory, paying particular attention to practical problems which arose. The proposed method is compared with others based on stochastic models, and is claimed to be simpler and more reliable.     

鄂尔多斯盆地中侏罗世直罗—安定期沉积构造特征

中侏罗世直罗—安定期伴随大华北盆地分化瓦解,直罗—安定组除在鄂尔多斯盆地呈整体分布外,在其周邻地区亦有大量零星分布的同期可对比地层。在现今盆地内,直罗组主要为河流相沉积;安定组以干旱气候条件下的河流、湖泊相沉积为主。直罗—安定组的湖相沉积主要位于盆地东南部的古沉积中心部位,其堆积中心位于盆地西部的乌海—鄂托克前旗—平凉一线,堆积中心与沉积中心偏离。直罗组沉积前古构造格局为南高北低、东高西低。直罗—安定期的古地质面貌呈西北高东南低特点,南、北分异表现甚微。结合周邻同期地层岩性、岩相和现今构造单元形成时限等综合分析,认为直罗—安定期原始盆地的边界大致为:西在贺兰山之西,东达吕梁山之东、太行山以西,北抵大青山,南至秦岭。     

1960年前黄河下游河槽淤积物粒径组成分析

利用1999年汛前深层钻孔取样资料和历年淤积实测大断面资料分析出1960年前无三门峡水库影响的“自然”水沙情况下,下游河道主槽淤积物中d≥0.1 mm以上泥沙占50.7%,比1960-1999年大30个百分点,这种泥沙在下游的淤积比高达83.1%,比0.05 mm以上泥沙的淤积比高39个百分点。指出应在黄河中游寻找出0.1 mm以上的粗泥沙集中来源区作为近期水土保持的重点区域。     

渭河流域水利水保措施减水减沙效益初步分析

截止1989年底,渭河流域共有水库361座,塘坝2666座,引水有效灌溉面积40.4万公顷,治理总面积8136km~2,治理度17.1％。以1970年为效益计算起始年,并将全流域划分为18个片,分别采用水文法和水保法计算1970～1989年间各项水利水保措施减水减沙量及综合减水减沙效益。水文法算得的综合减水效益为24.1％,减沙效益为30.6％;水保法算得的结果相应为29.9％和30.8％,两者相近。     

塔里木河流域源流及干流水均衡分析

通过对塔里木河流域源流及干流的径流变化和水均衡分析 ,表明塔里木河源流来水基本稳定 ,由于源流灌区引水以及渗漏蒸发等损失加剧 ,干流水量存在减少趋势 ,并加剧了水量的时间分配不均 ,不利于干流农业的可持续发展和生态环境的维护与改善     

长江中上游地区土壤人渗速率的空间分异研究

利用双套环法对长江中上游水土流失严重区的50个县（市）进行原他测试，对其典型土壤的稳渗速率及其影响因素进行了分析研究。结果表明：土壤稳渗速率在长江中上游地区呈现规律性的地域分异，四川盆地以及毕节地区是稳渗速率高值区，陕南和陇南地区、三峡库区以及丹江口库区足稳渗速率一般区，金沙江下游地区以及湘东赣南红壤丘陵区是稳渗速率低值区；上壤稳渗速率随土类发生有规律变化，黄壤系列土类最大，然后是石灰土、紫色土，红壤系列土类稳渗速率最小；土壤稳渗速率与质量密度呈负相关关系，与孔隙度、大于0．25mm风干土水稳性团粒含量、有机质含量以及粉／粘呈正相关关系。     

Applicability of the flood‐pulse concept in a temperate floodplain river ecosystem: thermal and temporal components

Annual growth increments were calculated for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) and flathead catfish (Pylodictis olivaris) from the lower Mississippi River (LMR) to assess hypothesized relationships between fish growth and floodplain inundation as predicted by the Flood‐Pulse Concept. Variation in catfish growth increment was high for all age classes of both species, and growth increments were not consistently related to various measures of floodplain inundation. However, relationships became stronger, and usually direct, when water temperature was integrated with area and duration of floodplain inundation. Relationships were significant for four of six age classes for blue catfish, a species known to utilize floodplain habitats. Though similar in direction, relationships were weaker for flathead catfish, which is considered a more riverine species. Our results indicate the Flood‐Pulse Concept applies more strongly to temperate floodplain‐river ecosystems when thermal aspects of flood pulses are considered. We recommend that future management of the LMR should consider ways to ‘recouple’ the annual flood and thermal cycles. An adaptive management approach will allow further determination of important processes affecting fisheries production in the LMR. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.