中频条件下真空灭弧室的纵向磁场仿真

该文研究了中频400～800Hz条件下纵磁真空灭弧室内的磁场特性,利用Ansys Maxwell求解了三维瞬态纵向磁场分布.由计算结果可知:在电流变化的过程中,中心区域纵向磁场的变化明显滞后于其他区域.电流峰值时在触头片开槽交错放置的位置有磁场峰值区域,电流过零时中心区域有明显剩磁.当频率增加时,涡流效应更明显,使纵向磁场的磁感应强度值减弱.对中心点,频率提高导致过零时剩磁增加,磁场滞后相位更明显,影响电弧扩散.增加触头片开槽数可以减弱涡流效应,而增加触头杯座槽旋转角,触头中间平面磁感应强度的最大值近似线性增加.文中通过分析电弧形态和电压等实验结果验证了磁场滞后对真空灭弧室的开断能力的影响.     

Intensification of low-grade methane enrichment in nitrogen mixture by CH4/CO2 displacement

To solve the problem of CO₂ uncompleted desorption in the process of CO₂ displacement enhancing the adsorption separation of CH₄/N₂, a small amount of product gas CH₄ was used as purge gas to improve the CO₂ desorption. CH₄/CO₂ mixture gas obtained from desorption step was recycled as the displacement gas to enhance the enrichment of low-grade methane in nitrogen mixture. In this work, the research conducted the experiments for CH₄/N₂ separation using CH₄/CO₂ displacement intensification adsorption and the laboratory-made coconut shell activated carbon as sorbent. The mathematical models were built in gPROMS and the accuracy of models was verified by comparison of simulations and CH₄/N₂/CO₂ breakthrough experiments. The performance of enrichment of low-grade methane with displacement intensification using different displacer was compared. The result showed that the process with CH₄/CO₂ displacement had higher purity product than CO₂ displacement. The CH₄/ CO₂ mixed gas replacement enhanced vacuum pressure swing adsorption cycle experiment was carried out, which can jointly enrich 14% CH₄/ N₂ and 53% CH₄/CO₂ to 98.8%, and at the same time obtain a recovery rate of 77.8%.     

热处理对EP/CF及EP/CF/GF复合材料力学性能的影响

采用真空辅助树脂转移模塑（VARTM）技术制备了环氧树脂/碳纤维（EP/CF）和环氧树脂/碳纤维/玻璃纤维毡（EP/CF/GF）复合材料。测试了两种纤维铺层方式中树脂流动距离的平方与流动时间的关系,对两种铺层纤维体系的渗透率进行了研究对比;将两种复合材料进行高温处理,并且对其高温处理前后的力学性能进行分析;利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察了复合材料的拉伸断口形貌。结果表明,EP/CF/GF中GF毡的松散结构使树脂更易流动;高温热处理造成了EP/CF弹性模量和拉伸应变的降低,其中弹性模量降低了9.97 %、拉伸应变降低了11.36 %,但对EP/CF/GF的影响较小;GF毡的加入造成了2种复合材料弯曲性能的下降;未经处理的复合材料断口表面光滑,而热处理后的复合材料断口表面粗糙且有大量基体附着。     

Flexible Furnace Concepts for Vacuum Heat Treatment Combined with High-pressure Gas Quenching

IN the past five years the process combination of vacuum hardening, respectively vacuum carburizing with high-pressure gas quenching was successfully introduced to the market, especially in the manufacture of gears. In the meantime furnace concepts for various applications are available to the industry. In the following report three plant varieties are introduced, which differ in process flexibility and throughput. This report also explains criteria for the selection of a furnace in view of the existing application requirements. Besides this a short introduction is given into the vacuum carburizing process and the high-pressure gas quenching technology.     

超硬磨料表面镀覆(涂覆)的种类、方法及用途(Ⅰ)

本文概述了超硬磨料镀覆(涂覆)的发展过程及常用方法，分析了各种方法的优缺点，并针对目前在超硬磨料镀覆(涂覆)及相关制品方面存在的对镀覆种类使用不当的问题进行了辨析。本文由于篇幅问题分为两部分，在(Ⅰ)中主要介绍了超硬磨料表面电镀和化学镀镀覆Ni、Cu及部分利用物理方法镀覆Ti等金属的方法、性能及用途；在(Ⅱ)中介绍了超硬磨料表面镀覆(涂覆)Ti等强碳化物形成元素及刚玉等方法、性能及用途。、     

Optimization of spraying process and laser treatment of CoNiCrAlY

This article describes the investigation of a new generation of vacuum plasma sprayed CoNiCrAlY coatings on NiCr20Ti in the sprayed as well as the laser-treated condition. The aim of the study was the improvement of MCrAlY coating properties by modifying the microstructure through laser remelting with 5-kW Co₂: lasers. Parameter analysis and optimization was carried out for the vacuum plasma spraying process, as well as for the laser remelting technique. The effect of the laser treatment on microstructure, quality of the coatings, and oxidation as well as hot gas corrosion behavior are reported.     

纳米晶WC-10Co复合粉末的烧结致密化行为

研究了机械合金化纳米晶WC-10Co复合粉末的真空烧结致密化行为和一般规律.结果表明:烧结温度的提高和烧结时间的延长有利于样品的烧结致密化过程,在1 275～1 300℃致密化速度快,在1 300℃,15 min左右致密化过程已基本完成;VC、Cr3C2等复合晶粒长大抑制剂含量的增加不利于致密化过程;新型晶粒长大抑制剂A可以更有效地阻碍晶粒长大;纳米晶WC-10Co-0.8VC/Cr3C2-0.2A复合粉末压坯在1375℃,30min烧结条件下,所得的密度为14.48 g/cm3,晶粒尺寸约为180 nm.     

环保溶剂型真空清洗机

VCM系列环保溶剂型真空清洗机由真空清洗槽、真空蒸馏机、气液分离装置、真空泵、缓冲槽、控制柜等部件组成，采用碳氢化合物溶剂作清洗剂，在完全封闭条件下对工件进行清洗，具有安全、环保、清洗质量好、效率高、节能及运行成本低等优点，其应用推广具有良好的经济和社会效益。     

Microstructure and strength of brazed joints of TiB2 cermet to TiAl-based alloys

In this study, TiB2 cermet and TiAl-based alloy are vacuum brazed successfully by using Ag-Cu-Ti filler metal.The microstructural analyses indicate that two reaction products, Ti ( Cu, Al ) 2 and Ag bused solid solution ( Ag ( s. s ) ) , are present in the brazing seam, and the iuterface structure of the brazed joint is TiB2/TiB2 Ag ( s. s ) /Ag ( s. s ) Ti ( Cu,Al)2/Ti( Cu, Al)2/TiAl. The experimental results show that the shear strength of the brazed TiB2/TiAl joints decreases us thebrazing time increases at a definite brazing temperature. When the joint is brazed at 1 223 K for 5 min, a joint strength up to 173 MPa is achieved.     

Thermoelectric properties of mechanically alloyed iron disilicides consolidated by various processes

Mn doped p-type iron disilicide powders have been produced by a mechanical alloying process. As-milled powders were of metastable state and mostly transformed to β-FeSi₂ phase by subsequent isothermal annealing. As-milled powders were consolidated by various processes such as sintering of the cold compact in vacuum, vacuum hot pressing (VHP), and spray drying/atmospheric plasma thermal spraying. Phase transitions during the processes were investigated using XRD, EDS, and SEM. As-consolidated specimens consisted of a mixture of α-Fe₂Si₅ and ε-FeSi phases, which were gradually transformed into a thermoelectric semiconducting α-FeSi₂ phase by subsequent isothermal annealing in the vicinity of 845°C in vacuum. However, some residual α and ε phases remained even after prolonged annealing. Thermoelectric properties were measured as a function of temperature and correlated with phase transformation. They showed optimum values in the vacuum hot pressed specimen due to a higher fraction of β phase and/or higher density.