近两年我国锆英砂及其精矿进口情况分析

介绍了2005年、2006年及2007年1￣4月我国锆英砂及其精矿的进口情况。2006年,我国累计进口锆英砂374649t,与2005年的340995t相比增长了9.9%,主要从澳大利亚、南非、越南和印尼等国家进口。2006年,我国从印尼进口锆英砂的量急剧增加,达到124855t,进口量仅次于澳大利亚。进口的港口主要集中在上海、海口、南宁、湛江等口岸。从2007年1￣4月的进口情况看,进口量呈上升趋势,增幅达到22.8%。预计2007年我国锆英砂的进口量(折合成精矿量)将比2006年增加(3.0￣3.5)×10~4t。     

Analysis of surface integrity for minimum quantity lubricant—MQL in grinding

The quality of machined components is currently of high interest, for the market demands mechanical components of increasingly high performance, not only from the standpoint of functionality but also from that of safety. Components produced through operations involving the removal of material display surface irregularities resulting not only from the action of the tool itself, but also from other factors that contribute to their superficial texture. This texture can exert a decisive influence on the application and performance of the machined component. This article analyzes the behavior of the minimum quantity lubricant (MQL) technique and compares it with the conventional cooling method. To this end, an optimized fluid application method was devised using a specially designed nozzle, by the authors, through which a minimum amount of oil is sprayed in a compressed air flow, thus meeting environmental requirements. This paper, therefore, explores and discusses the concept of the MQL in the grinding process. The performance of the MQL technique in the grinding process was evaluated based on an analysis of the surface integrity (roughness, residual stress, microstructure and microhardness). The results presented here are expected to lead to technological and ecological gains in the grinding process using MQL.     

Feasibility study of the minimum quantity lubrication in high-speed end milling of NAK80 hardened steel by coated carbide tool

High-speed milling of hardened steels generates high cutting temperature and leads to detrimental effects on tool life and workpiece surface finish. In this paper, feasibility study of the minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) in high-speed end milling of NAK80 hardened steel by coated carbide tool was undertaken. Flood cooling and dry cutting experiments were conducted also for comparison. It is found that cutting under flood cooling condition results in the shortest tool life due to severe thermal cracks while the use of MQL leads to the best performance. MQL is beneficial to tool life both in the lower speed cutting and the higher speed cutting conditions. A less viscous oil of MQL is essential in high cutting speed so that cooling effect can be effective. SEM micrograph of the insert shows that the use of MQL in high-speed cutting can delay welding of chips on the tool and hence prolongs tool life as compared with dry cutting condition. The application of MQL also improves machined surface finish in high-speed milling of die steels.     

图象分析在定量测定钢中非金属夹杂物的应用

叙述了在材料检验工作中,如何建立测定钢中夹杂物的三种基本方法。“K法”级别的测定;含量的测定,尺寸分布的测定,并通过实例说明在钢材生产,研究中的意义。     

巧编数控电火花加工的定位程序

阐述了模具电火花加工的定位工艺方法，通过巧妙编程实现了模具数控电火花加工的定位．对灵活使用数控电火花加工机床具有实用的参考价值。     

考虑公平关切的服务供应链协调契约

针对服务集成商公平关切行为, 建立了服务提供商和服务集成商的博弈模型, 分析论证了批发价契约无法实现服务供应链协调的问题, 探讨了“成本共担+收入共享” 组合式契约协调的有效性. 研究结果表明, 成本共担契约和收入共享契约都无法实现服务供应链的协调, 而组合式契约不仅能有效协调服务供应链, 且协调具有一定柔性, 但随着服务集成商公平关切程度的增加, 服务提供商与服务集成商的协调空间变小, 协调柔性减弱, 且对服务提供商更不利.     

关于Mei对称性与Noether对称性的关系—以Birkhoff系统为例

文章以Birkhoff系统为例研究Mei对称性与Noether对称性之间的关系.研究了基于无限小生成元向量作用下Birkhoff函数和Birkhoff函数组的变分问题,建立了该变分问题的Birkhoff方程与Noether对称性及其守恒量.研究表明:该变分问题得到的Birkhoff方程、Noether等式和Noether守恒量分别与经典Birkhoff系统Mei对称性的判据方程、结构方程和Mei守恒量完全一致.文末以著名的Emden方程等为例来说明结果的应用.     

黄河调水调沙以来山东引黄能力分析

通过对黄河调水调沙以来山东段河道来水及引水条件的分析,认为影响山东省引黄闸引水的主要因素是黄河用水需求量的增大、河道来水量的减少和渠道的淤积,河道刷深也对部分引黄闸引水有影响。提出保障引黄灌溉与供水的对策:在工程措施上,应及时清除闸前和闸后渠道淤积泥沙、稳定河势、建设提水泵站、加快灌区节水改造和平原水库建设;在管理措施上,应加大山东段黄河引水期的下泄流量,实施水量科学调度、优化配置,加强对灌区尾水和其他水资源的利用等;在政策措施上,应出台有关平原水库建设的政策、加强水资源保护与法制建设、理顺灌区管理体制等。     

模糊PID和Hopfield神经网络在矿井通风系统中的应用

针对传统的PID控制或者单一的模糊控制无法准确控制矿井通风系统风量的问题,提出了一种采用模糊PID调节器和Hopfield神经网络调节器对矿井通风机的转速、风门、风量进行控制的方法。该方法利用模糊控制器对PID参数进行实时修正,并结合Hopfield神经网络的联想记忆功能和反馈调节特性,实现矿井通风机风量的快速、稳定输出。仿真与实验结果表明,模糊PID调节器和Hopfield神经网络调节器可以准确控制矿井通风机的转速和风量,实现通风系统的稳定输出。     

逊毕拉河流域径流季节变化特征及变异分析

以逊毕拉河流域吴家堡站2004～2009年实测水文资料为基础,并结合变异分析方法,分析了吴家堡地区降水和流量的季节变化特征。结果表明:降水和流量都具有明显的季节差异,且春季的变异系数大。