基于PLC的变频恒压变流量供水节能系统的研究与应用

针对传统供水系统能源浪费严重、自动化程度低等特点,设计开发了一种以PLC、变频器为核心构成的变频恒压变流量供水系统。介绍了该系统的节能原理、系统构成及工作原理、硬件、软件设计及系统优点,证明了变频恒压控制系统优越的技术性能和极其显著的经济效益,具有很好的推广应用价值和进一步的研究价值。     

井内换热器和回灌的地热水供热系统

强调了地热水利用中应注意的问题，比较了两种地热水利用方式的优缺点，介绍了使用回灌井和井内换热器的新型地热水供热系统，对解决地热水浪费问题和可持续发展地热供热事业具有现实意义。     

Development of a new solar thermal engine system for circulating water for aeration

This paper presents a numerical study about the performance of a Beta Stirling solar thermal engine system. This system is composed of a solar collector box connected to a regenerator hydraulic system and a transmitting power system. The objective of the system is to offer a new alternative to help solving stagnant water pollution in hot countries like Thailand by circulating water in canals, lakes, ponds etc. for aeration using solar energy.The purpose of this study is to determine the power output and actual heat transfer on the performance of the solar thermal engine. The solar thermal engine is analyzed using a mathematical model based on the first law of thermodynamics for processes with finite speed, with particular attention to the energy balance at the receiver. The result of calculations showed that the regenerator volume and phase angle must be chosen carefully to fulfill the requirement that total fluid mass in the system is constant and to obtain maximum power output throughout the day.     

Hydrogeochemistry and groundwater circulation in the Xi’an geothermal field, China

Geothermal waters from the Tertiary aquifers located at 1000–3000 m beneath Xi’an city, Shaanxi Province, China, show unique isotopic composition as compared to local groundwaters from shallower Quaternary aquifers. Positive oxygen shifts of as much as 8‰ VSMOW are observed, while the corresponding δ²H values remain essentially constant at about −80‰ VSMOW, which is significantly different from those of waters in the Quaternary aquifers with a mean δ²H value of −60‰ VSMOW. The strong ¹⁸O shift is a result of isotope exchange between geothermal water and carbonate minerals such as calcite over a residence time of several thousand years up to 30,000 years, based on ¹⁴C dating. A comparison of the isotopic composition of geothermal waters with neighbouring groundwater units on both sides of the Guanzhong Basin indicates that the geothermal reservoirs are recharged by rain that falls on the northern slope of the Qinling Mountains, south of the Xi’an geothermal field, but not from the North Mountains to the north of the field. Based on chemical geothermometers the highest temperature estimated for the Tertiary aquifers of the Xi’an area is around 130 °C.     

温家山隧道施工爆破设计

根据石头河水库防洪抢险道路温家山隧道围岩(f=6)较为破碎、裂隙发育等特性,通过分析计算确定了光爆参数、炮眼布置和炸药量的控制等,提出了较合理的全断面掘进光面爆破设计,可供同类工程参考。     

从甘肃民勤生态危机反思石羊河流域水资源利用模式

民勤生态环境危机主要表现在:土地盐碱化、荒漠化日益严重,灾害性天气频繁发生等方面,这些都直接威胁着绿洲存亡。从绿洲生态危机对石羊河流域水资源利用模式进行了反思,指出了目前流域水资源利用中存在的问题,并提出了建议:实行流域水资源统一管理;建立合理的水权制度,适当调整水价;控制人口增长;加快外流域调水。     

利用洛河水沙资源改善沙苑地区生态环境的探讨

在分析沙苑地区农田现状和洛河水沙资源特性基础上,提出利用引洪淤灌技术引取洛河高含沙水淤灌,从而改良沙苑的土质和提高土壤肥力,并从工程技术和改良效果等方面全面分析了改良沙苑地区土质和生态环境,从而达到充分利用水沙资源综合治理和改善生态环境的目的。     

浅议保墒灌溉技术新体系及其理论基础

从干旱半干旱地区发展起来的较为成熟的保墒技术得到启迪,提出了“保墒灌溉”这一新理念。初步探讨了保墒灌溉提出的现实背景、基本理论基础、今后应该研究的重点以及该领域研究的重大意义,以期为我国节水事业的发展起到抛砖引玉的作用。     

西部大开发中以特许权方式建设中小型水电站可行性初探

通过分析在西部经济不发达地区以特许权方式建设中小型水电站的可行性,探讨了政府在此领域应采取的相应政策和应注意的问题,提出用特许权方式在西部地区建设中小型水电站是西部大开发的有力支撑之一。     

连续式超临界水中煤/CMC催化气化制氢

在向水煤浆中添加CMC（羧甲基纤维素钠），成功实现水煤浆高压均匀输送基础上，对超临界水中煤／CMC催化气化制氢性能进行了进一步研究。结果表明：在压力20～25MPa、停留时间15～30s、NaOH添加量0．1％、反应器外壁温650℃条件下，超临界水中煤/CMC催化气化制氢气体产物中H2摩尔含量远比常规气化高，主要气体产物是H2、CO2和CH4。增加物料中CMC的含量、升高压力均有利于提高气体产物中心的产量，延长停留时间虽有利于物料气化但不利于氢气的制取。