Authority updating: An expert authority evaluation algorithm considering post‐evaluation and power indices in social networks

In group assessment, the focus is on finding high‐authority experts to improve the reliability of assessment results. In this study, we propose an authority updating algorithm while considering the power and judgement reliability of an expert on the basis of social networks and post‐evaluations. A network power index is established and used to reflect the power of an expert while considering social networks. The measurement of the judgement reliability of an expert considers the post‐evaluation of the objects selected by experts, thereby more scientifically reflecting the reliability of experts. The analysis shows the following: although the social‐network structure influences the authority of experts, the influence weakens when the assessment group is a highly or even fully connected group; the network effect may increase the authority of some experts and reduce that of others, and it will weaken as the network connectivity increases; moreover, the judgement reliability and authority of an expert while considering post‐evaluation can encourage him/her to make fair assessments and strive to reduce his/her motivation and cognitive biases.     

XVM虚拟环境下并行程序的性能评测

该文引入speedup作为并行程序的性能评测指标,分析了并行程序在不同类型和不同数量的客户虚拟机中运行的性能差异,实验表明,MPI并行程序在xVM虚拟化环境中的运行性能接近非虚拟化本地主机的性能,在半虚拟化环境中的并行程序性能超过全虚拟化环境中的并行程序性能。     

Model-guided evaluation of consumer products

An evaluation of a consumer product is presented as an example of how ergonomics models can guide data collection and interpretation by non-ergonomists. The product, a new cooking pan, was compared with its earlier counterpart on performance and safety tests for specific features. Model-guided evaluations produced data which could be well-fitted by linear relationships, and measures derived from the data could be interpreted in physical terms by engineers. This is now the standard methodology for pan evaluation in the client company.     

The volume integral method of eddy-current modeling: Verification

The volume integral method of eddy-current modeling represents a flaw in metal as a set of electric dipoles located within volume elements or cells defining the flaw volume. Given this dipole distribution, impedance changes may be computed. The electric field of the dipole distribution is determined by an integral equation relating, by means of the electric field Green's tensor, the electric field due to the source to the total electric field in the flaw. The integral equation is solved by assuming that the total electric field is constant in each volume element, resulting in a matrix equation. The method has been programmed for use on a microcomputer. The method and computer program are verified using the analytical solution for a small spherical flaw and three sets of measured impedance data, measured by air-core coils along profiles overlying both surface-breaking and buried simulated flaws of known dimensions. Operating frequencies ranged between 900 and 4000 Hz. Generally agreement is good at lower frequencies ( 1000 Hz). At higher frequencies ( 4000 Hz), the agreement is not as good. This is thought to be due to the inability of the constant electric field approximation to model the steep electric field gradients present in the host metal at high frequency. The results are also sensitive to the method of computation of the electric field due to the source. Some improvements can and should be made to the method.     

Developing and evaluating language courseware

The paper sets out twenty proposals for the development and evaluation of Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) programs. These proposals emerge from special characteristics of language instruction and of the use of computers to assist in language instruction. We combine theoretically-based assumptions with empirical findings drawn from investigation of language courseware for Hebrew speakers in Israel. We first list four unique features of language instruction: (1) the object-language-meta-language distinction; (2) computer as written medium vs. language as primary spoken medium; (3) teaching of second language skills vs. linguistics; (4) the computer as an electronic tool vs. the computer as a cognitive entity simulating the speaker. We then show how these unique characteristics of language instruction (mother-tongue and foreign language) impose special proposals on language courseware. These proposals should be observed in the development of language courseware and in the evaluation of such programs. Clearly, these proposals integrate with general courseware proposals. Michal Ephratt (Ph.D., computational linguistics) completed post-doctoral studies at the University of Rochester. She has been on the staff of the Dept. of Hebrew Linguistics, University of Haifa, since 1988. Some of her publications include Root-Pattern Array: The Main Tool of Hebrew Word Formation (Hebrew University, 1985); and What's in a Joke? in Advances in Artificial Intelligence, Natural Language and Knowledge-based Systems (Springer-Verlag, 1990).This paper is based on work the author did as a consultant in the National Courseware Evaluation Department of the Ministry of Education. I wish to thank Esther Diamant, head of the department, for making the study possible.     

基于滤波的SAR影像去噪方法分析

根据SAR(Synthetic Aperture Radar)影像相干噪声的特点,对现在广泛应用的各种抑制噪声的滤波方法如均值滤波、Frost滤波、增强型Lee滤波、Lee滤波、中值滤波等进行分析,并提出适合本研究区影像的基于小波变换的分量滤波处理去噪方法,利用均值、标准差、平滑指数、PM值、信息熵和平均梯度等评价指标对各种滤波去噪后的影像质量进行评价,并对去噪效果进行对比分析,证明本文所采用的滤波方法对SAR影像噪声有很好的抑制作用,并且较好的保存了图像纹理信息。     

特种车辆维修空间可达性评价方法研究

可达性作为维修性的定性指标,缺少定量评价的方法。传统方法只针对装备的整体进行定性评价,不能对不同的等级维修和单个维修动作进行评价。通过对维修性设计中的结构性因素进行分析,得到了空间可达性的主要影响因素。在虚拟维修仿真平台的基础上对工具旋转角度和作业空间比进行了量化评分,给出了针对维修作业过程中单个零部件拆卸的空间可达性评价方法。单个动作评价方法为等级维修的整体空间可达性评价提供了数据基础,并为新型特种车辆的维修方案论证和研制的空间可达性评价提供了手段。     

人工神经网络在组织网络化发展评价中的应用*

通过对给定样本模式的学习,构建的三层神经网络模型能够获取评价专家的经验、知识、主观判断以及对目标重要性的权重协调能力,较好地保证评价结果的客观性.实例证明,人工神经网络方法应用于组织网络化发展评价是可行和有效的.     

中国观赏石文化与收藏

以推动人类文明进步发展的观念为先导,以详实的地质学、岩石学、石文化史料为切入点,介绍了我国观赏石文化的起源、发展及现状;阐述了赏石审美的本质、形式、石体标准、传统性、现代性等理论要点及其以小见大、以丑为美的审美理念。对赏石修身养性、以石陶情及赏石文化与道教情结的学术价值进行了评述;对从古至今的中华文化名人为赏石理论的创立、鉴赏、收藏和发展作出的不可磨灭的历史贡献进行了评价。