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71.
Christine Di Massimo Paul A. Lant Aidan Saunders Gary A. Montague Ming T. Tham A. Julian Morris 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》1992,53(3):265-277
The last decade has seen the development of a number of approaches for estimating those variables which are difficult to measure on-line in industrial process situations. Whilst a range of techniques is available, a common element is the use of process knowledge in the form of a system model. In the case of bioprocess systems, although a large range of models has been presented in the literature, their use in estimation schemes on an industrial scale has been limited. A number of reasons can be identified for their low level of utilisation. Of particular significance is the uncertainty which exists in quantifying system performance and the process-model mismatch which inevitably results. The level of ‘pre-defined model’ uncertainty, together with the knowledge gained during the course of the fermentation, serves to dictate estimator structure. The paper considers a range of estimation strategies and contrasts, through industrial applications, their performance characteristics and utility. 相似文献
72.
本文运用“软科学”一即通过建立数学模型,进行系统分析和系统优化,阐述对蒸汽管网优化运行的方法及原理,达到提高供热效率及节能降耗的目的. 相似文献
73.
No authorship indicated 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2006,61(8):811
Presents the citation for Anthony D. Wagner, who received the Award for Distinguished Scientific Early Career Contributions to Psychology (cognition and human learning) "for outstanding and innovative research on the neural basis of memory and executive control." A brief profile and a selected bibliography accompany the citation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
74.
Transformations in machining. Part 1. enhancement of wavelet transformation neural network (WT-NN) combination with a preprocessor 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
X. Wang P. Chen I.N. Tansel Yenilmez A 《International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture》2006,46(1):36-42
Properly selected transformation methods obtain the most significant characteristics of metal cutting data efficiently and simplify the classification. Wavelet Transformation (WT) and Neural Networks (NN) combination was used to classify the experimental cutting force data of milling operations previously. Preprocessing (PreP) of the approximation coefficients of the WT is proposed just before the classification by using the Adaptive Resonance Theory (ART2) type NNs. Genetic Algorithm (GA) was used to estimate the weights of each coefficient of the PreP. The WT-PreP-NN (ART2) combination worked at lower vigilances by creating only a few meaningful categories without any errors. The WT-NN (ART2) combination could obtain the same error rate only if very high vigilances are used and many categories are allowed. 相似文献
75.
The free energies of mixing of two networks in the interpenetrating polymer network based on crosslinked polyurethane and poly(ester acrylate) have been determined by the vapour sorption method. It was established that the constituent networks in the IPN are not miscible. The introduction of fillers of different chemical nature increases the compatibility. The thermodynamic affinity of the fillers to the individual networks and IPN was estimated. It was established that when the free energy of interaction of one or both components of the IPN with the filler is negative, reinforcement leads to the formation of a compatible and equilibrium system. For fillers having no affinity to the polymers, compatibilization is observed, which is connected with slowing down of phase separation in the system in the presence of filler. 相似文献
76.
Kum‐Il Lee Yong‐Sik Yim Sang‐Wook Chung Jiaqiu Wei Jong Il Rhee 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2005,80(9):1036-1045
A two‐dimensional (2D) spectrofluorometer was used to monitor various fermentation processes with recombinant E coli for the production of 5‐aminolevulinic acid (ALA). The whole fluorescence spectral data obtained during a process were analyzed using artificial neural networks, ie self‐organizing map (SOM) and feedforward backpropagation neural network (BPNN). The SOM‐based classification of the whole spectral data has made it possible to qualitatively associate some process parameters with the normalized weights and variances, and to select some useful combinations of excitation and emission wavelengths. Based on the classified fluorescence spectra a supervised BPNN algorithm was used to predict some of the process parameters. It was also shown that the BPNN models could elucidate some sections of the process's performance, eg forecasting the process's performance. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
77.
浅谈小型局域网的组建与应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
李科峰 《网络安全技术与应用》2007,(3):31-32
随着计算机应用技术与通讯技术的发展以及在实践中的广泛应用,智能化和网络化成为必然趋势,局域网的应用可以营造一个现代化的高效、快捷、安全的环境,也可以使计算机以及其他硬件的功能得到充分的发挥。 相似文献
78.
In this paper, genetic algorithm is used to help improve the tolerance of feedforward neural networks against an open fault. The proposed method does not explicitly add any redundancy to the network, nor does it modify the training algorithm. Experiments show that it may profit the fault tolerance as well as the generalisation ability of neural networks. 相似文献
79.
Emilio Marengo Valentina Longo Elisa Robotti Marco Bobba Fabio Gosetti Orfeo Zerbinati Silvana Di Martino 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2008,109(6):3975-3982
Principal component regression (PCR), partial least squares (PLS), StepWise ordinary least squares regression (OLS), and back‐propagation artificial neural network (BP‐ANN) are applied here for the determination of the propylene concentration of a set of 83 production samples of ethylene–propylene copolymers from their infrared spectra. The set of available samples was split into (a) a training set, for models calculation; (b) a test set, for selecting the correct number of latent variables in PCR and PLS and the end point of the training phase of BP‐ANN; (c) a production set, for evaluating the predictive ability of the models. The predictive ability of the models is thus evaluated by genuine predictions. The model obtained by StepWise OLS turned out to be the best one, both in fitting and prediction. The study of the breakdown number of samples to be included in the training set showed that at least 52 experiments are necessary to build a reliable and predictive calibration model. It can be concluded that FTIR spectroscopy and OLS can be properly employed for monitoring the synthesis or the final product of ethylene–propylene copolymers, by predicting the concentration of propylene directly along the process line. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008 相似文献
80.
Yeon Seok Kim 《Polymer》2008,49(2):570-578
Monodispersed copolymer emulsions with different glass transition temperatures were synthesized to investigate the effect of room temperature polymer matrix modulus on the electrical properties of carbon black (CB) filled segregated network composites. The emulsion with the highest modulus at room temperature produced composites with the lowest percolation threshold. The threshold for a composite made from a copolymer latex containing an equal ratio of butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate (BA5) is 1.5 vol%, while the percolation threshold for the much lower modulus BA7 (7:3 BA/MMA ratio) is 4.93 vol%. The microstructure of each composite shows significant differences in the level of CB dispersion within the polymer matrix. Higher modulus polymer particles push the CB more efficiently into the interstitial space between them, resulting in a lower percolation threshold. This modulus effect was confirmed by increasing the drying temperature, where the moduli of latexes (BA5, BA5.5, and BA6) were more similar and the percolation thresholds for three composites also become closer to one another. 相似文献