全文获取类型
收费全文 | 137098篇 |
免费 | 19332篇 |
国内免费 | 14645篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 12094篇 |
技术理论 | 8篇 |
综合类 | 18095篇 |
化学工业 | 11198篇 |
金属工艺 | 4306篇 |
机械仪表 | 9867篇 |
建筑科学 | 12939篇 |
矿业工程 | 4436篇 |
能源动力 | 6127篇 |
轻工业 | 4241篇 |
水利工程 | 8610篇 |
石油天然气 | 7216篇 |
武器工业 | 2079篇 |
无线电 | 11683篇 |
一般工业技术 | 12004篇 |
冶金工业 | 4358篇 |
原子能技术 | 1330篇 |
自动化技术 | 40484篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 651篇 |
2023年 | 2060篇 |
2022年 | 4088篇 |
2021年 | 4790篇 |
2020年 | 5087篇 |
2019年 | 4511篇 |
2018年 | 4242篇 |
2017年 | 5277篇 |
2016年 | 6108篇 |
2015年 | 6419篇 |
2014年 | 8564篇 |
2013年 | 9133篇 |
2012年 | 10232篇 |
2011年 | 11034篇 |
2010年 | 8647篇 |
2009年 | 8987篇 |
2008年 | 9043篇 |
2007年 | 10093篇 |
2006年 | 8695篇 |
2005年 | 7618篇 |
2004年 | 6120篇 |
2003年 | 5365篇 |
2002年 | 4226篇 |
2001年 | 3502篇 |
2000年 | 3044篇 |
1999年 | 2330篇 |
1998年 | 1955篇 |
1997年 | 1632篇 |
1996年 | 1498篇 |
1995年 | 1315篇 |
1994年 | 1071篇 |
1993年 | 769篇 |
1992年 | 652篇 |
1991年 | 502篇 |
1990年 | 416篇 |
1989年 | 353篇 |
1988年 | 220篇 |
1987年 | 132篇 |
1986年 | 107篇 |
1985年 | 106篇 |
1984年 | 112篇 |
1983年 | 52篇 |
1982年 | 70篇 |
1981年 | 43篇 |
1980年 | 49篇 |
1979年 | 48篇 |
1978年 | 17篇 |
1974年 | 9篇 |
1959年 | 17篇 |
1951年 | 10篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 45 毫秒
61.
A conceptualization of intended learning outcomes supporting self‐regulated learners in indicating learning paths
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of Computer Assisted Learning》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
P. Tangworakitthaworn L. Gilbert G.B. Wills 《Journal of Computer Assisted Learning》2015,31(5):393-404
Intended learning outcomes (ILOs) indicate what learners will be able to achieve after they are taught. Traditionally, ILOs are expressed as plain text or unstructured documents. What if all ILOs of a specific course of study can be conceptualized through a structured diagrammatic technique? It was hypothesized that learners can benefit from this conceptualization in learning, especially in self‐regulated learning. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the ILOs represented in unstructured or structured formats can facilitate learners to identify learning paths. The results revealed that the mean ratings of all learning paths were statistically significantly higher with structured ILOs. 相似文献
62.
Shmuel Borenstain Gil Bar-Haim Keren Goldshtein Gili Cohen-Taguri 《Color research and application》2020,45(6):1153-1169
Investigation of ink formulation options with the purpose to obtain color-gamut-optimal set of Cyan Magenta and Yellow CMY inks is reported. Implementation of the thickness dependent Kubelka-Munk model on multiple ink layers having different and well-defined thicknesses, provides characteristic absorption and scattering (K, S ) spectra of the ink ingredients. These data enable accurate computation of the reflectance spectrum and thus the L*a*b* color coordinates for any given ink thickness or substrate. Pigment materials investigated are quinacridone as magenta, copper-phthalocyanine as cyan, and arylide yellow. Scaling the peak of the absorption band to the number of molecules per unit area for the specific pigments studied in this article provides the molar extinction coefficients, 1.21 × 104 , 4.7 × 104 , and 3.3 × 104 cm2/millimole respectively, regardless of the different ink formulations used, in accord with Avogadro's principle. Having a set of three pairs of K, S spectra is used to compute the color gamut of any CMY color combination in the L*a*b* space as a function of ink layer thickness and formulation. Using an iterative algorithm, a color-gamut-optimal set of CMY inks is obtained. 相似文献
63.
马尔可夫跳变线性系统(MJLS)是一种具有多个模态的随机系统,系统在各个模态之间的跳变转移由一组马尔可夫链来决定。MJLS模型因其在表示过程中可以产生突变而更能精确的描述实际工程应用中的系统。近年来,MJLS的最优控制问题成为了研究的热点,动态规划、极大值原理以及线性矩阵不等式等成为了解决此类问题的主流方法。本文对MJLS最优控制领域的研究现状进行了综述。分别对一般情况下、带有噪声的情况下、带有时滞的情况下以及某些特定情况下的MLJS最优控制问题的国内外研究现状进行论述。最后进行了总结并提出MJLS最优控制领域未来值得关注的研究方向。 相似文献
64.
Previous experimental results indicate that the humidification conditions at the anode have an impact on the liquid water distribution in the cathode gas diffusion layer. Numerical simulations are developed to reproduce and analyze this effect. Results consistent with the experimental results are first obtained by playing with the partition coefficients of an advanced pore network model computing the liquid water formation and transfer in the cathode gas diffusion layer (GDL) for a large range of operating conditions. Then, a model for the full anode – cathode assembly is developed by combining the pore network model of the cathode GDL and a 1D model describing the heat and water transfer in the various components of the anode-cathode assembly. This enables one to generalize the dry – wet regime diagram introduced in a previous work by incorporating the effect of the humidity condition at the anode. 相似文献
65.
为提高稀疏表示跟踪模型性能,提出一种分段加权的反向稀疏跟踪算法,将跟踪问题转化为在贝叶斯框架下寻找概率最高的候选对象问题,构造不同的分段权重函数来分别度量候选目标与正负模板的判别特征系数。通过池化来降低跟踪结果的不确定性干扰,选择正负模板加权系数差值最大的候选表示作为跟踪结果。实验表明,在光照变化、遮挡、快速运动、运动模糊情况下,所提出的算法可以确保跟踪结果的准确性和鲁棒性。 相似文献
66.
性能效率是APP软件的重要质量属性,但目前缺乏APP软件性能效率的通用模型。分析了APP软件的性能特征,基于ISO/IEC 25010标准提出了APP软件的性能效率模型,定义了APP软件性能效率的子特性和度量指标。基于提出的APP软件性能效率模型,通过实验对APP软件的性能效率进行了度量及相关分析。 相似文献
67.
Shank S. Kulkarni Kyoo Sil Choi Wenbin Kuang Nalini Menon Bernice Mills Ayoub Soulami Kevin Simmons 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(36):19001-19022
The use of hydrogen as a fuel is increasing exponentially, and the most economical way to store and transport hydrogen for fuel use is as a high-pressure gas. Polymers are widely used for hydrogen distribution and storage systems because they are chemically inert towards hydrogen. However, when exposed to high-pressure hydrogen, some hydrogen diffuses through polymers and occupies the preexisting cavities inside the material. Upon depressurization, the hydrogen trapped inside polymer cavities can cause blistering or cracking by expanding these cavities. A continuum mechanics–based deformation model was deployed to predict the stress distribution and damage propagation while the polymer undergoes depressurization after high-pressure hydrogen exposure. The effects of cavity size, cavity location, and pressure inside the cavity on damage initiation and evolution inside the polymer were studied. The stress and damage evolution in the presence of multiple cavities was also studied, because interaction among cavities alters the damage and stress field. It was found that all these factors significantly change the stress state in the polymer, resulting in different paths for damage propagation. The effect of adding carbon black filler particles and plasticizer on the damage was also studied. It was found that damage tolerance of the polymer increases drastically with the addition of carbon black fillers, but decreases with the addition of the plasticizer. 相似文献
68.
69.
An effective practical approach that allows not only a significant reduction in the scope of practical experiments in the course of studying suspension separation processes in hydrocyclones, but also makes it possible to assess the intensity of random components of the processes and define the interrelation between such components and hydrodynamics of flows in a hydrocyclone is presented. Within the frames of the developed probabilistic‐statistical model of suspension separation in hydrocyclones on the basis of statistical self‐similarity properties, a relationship was found between determined and random components of the processes. This allowed transitioning from three‐parameter probability density functions for suspension particles in hydrocyclones to two‐parameter functions; thus significantly improving the efficiency of practical application of the developed model. 相似文献
70.
目的 以气调包装酱卤鸭肉制品为研究对象,在冷链温度范围内建立一套准确、高效的货架期预测模型。方法 利用选择性培养基测定不同温度下产品各微生物数量,确定4~25℃条件下产品优势腐败菌。对乳酸菌数量与感官评定值进行了回归分析确定最小腐败量Ns。分别采用修正的Gompertz方程和平方根方程建立一、二级模型,并通过预测值与实测值对比验证模型的可靠性。结果 确定了4~25℃条件下产品优势腐败菌为乳酸菌,最小腐败量Ns=6.14(lg(cfu /g))。一、二级模型拟合度均良好,三种温度下模型预测值与实际值间的差异均在30%左右,波动幅度在10%以内。结论 实现了对4~25℃内任何时间点产品剩余货架期的预测,为冷链条件下气调包装酱卤鸭肉制品品质的变化提供了理论指导。 相似文献