求解非线性互补问题的一个l_1 模算法(英文)

提出了求解非线性互补问题的一个ｌ１ － 模算法并证明了其收敛性定理．数值例子表明这一算法是有效的．     

Predicting unpredictability: Do measures of interpersonal rigidity/flexibility and distress predict intraindividual variability in social perceptions and behavior?

Maladjusted individuals have been theorized to exhibit problematic intraindividual variability of social behavior across situations. This variability is either excessively high (i.e., unpredictable) or low (i.e., rigid), or the behavior is inappropriately matched to the interpersonal context (noncomplementary). However, research has not tested systematically whether interpersonal distress and purported measures of rigidity actually predict these different types of variability across a broad range of social situations. Participants completed measures of interpersonal functioning and then responded to a range of hypothetical interpersonal scenarios, rating perceptions of others and their own expected behavioral responses (Study 1). A subset of participants also rated others’ and their own social behaviors across a week of naturalistic social interactions (Study 2). Results most consistently suggested that interpersonal distress predicts high intraindividual variability, with little support for the measurement or theory of rigidity. Moreover, variability of social perceptions partially mediated the link between distress and behavioral variability. Results largely persisted even after accounting for gender and variables’ mean levels, and cannot be fully explained by interpersonal complementarity. The implications of these dynamic processes for understanding personality and interpersonal adjustment are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Freeze-fracturing at defined temperatures provides information on temperature rise during fracture,and on membrane complementarity

An apparatus is described which allows freeze-fracturing at defined temperatures, followed by immediate immersion of the specimen in liquid nitrogen. Replication is carried out in a Bullivant & Ames (1966) freeze-fracture device. Using yeast as a test specimen, the following results were obtained with the apparatus: (a) It was confirmed that fracturing at temperatures between 243 K and 223 K gave undeformed volcanoes on the PF of the plasma membrane, as shown originally by Steere et al. (1980). (b) Considerable energy is released by the fracturing process, both as shown by thermocouple readings and by the fact that at relatively high fracture temperatures portions of the specimen surface were melted. A temperature rise of 50–70 K was indicated, (c) Under standard conditions, there is a lack of complementarity between the yeast plasma membrane fracture faces, trigonal point particles not being present opposite the corresponding depressions in the array. Fracturing yeast suspended in salt solutions at 203 K demonstrates these particles. Their absence in normal fractures can be explained by ‘secondary fracture’, a concept based on polymer fracture studies.     

Energy and investment: An empirical examination

The view that the investment function is characterized by a stable relationship is subjected to an objective statistical test. The test utilizes a statistic which equals the ratio of the sum of squared residuals of one-period prediction from the k + 1 period to the rth period to the sum of squared residuals of one period prediction from the k + 1 to the Tth period, where k is the number of estimated coefficients in the model and T is the sample size. The results for the period 1947–1979 suggest that the investment function at the macroeconomic level and for 8 of the 11 two-digit SIC industries considered became unstable in 1973. For the other two-digit SIC industries investigated, the results indicate no appreciable (statistically significant) change in the relative importance of the underlying investment determinants.     

基于绿色㶲经济的综合能源系统价值评价方法

工商业企业是能源消耗的主要群体,客观准确地评价其综合能源系统的价值是优化运行与能源审计的基础。传统的评价方法在促进多能互补、可再生能源消纳等方面存在不足。提出一种基于绿色?经济的综合能源系统价值评价方法,以企业能量平衡管理标准为基础进行客观定量计算,考虑产品单耗、综合能效、可再生能源利用率3项评价指标,采用模糊综合评价法,分别设计3项指标的隶属度函数及动态权重系数,得到综合价值评分,并以评分为依据选取最优运行方案。仿真结果表明,评价方法能够根据企业的用能规律选择合理的运行模式,促进能源的梯级利用及可再生能源的就地消纳,验证了方法的有效性和合理性。     

Quasi‐static crack propagation in plane and plate structures using set‐valued traction‐separation laws

We introduce a numerical technique to model set‐valued traction‐separation laws in plate bending and also plane crack propagation problems. By using of recent developments in thin (Kirchhoff–Love) shell models and the extended finite element method, a complete and accurate algorithm for the cohesive law is presented and is used to determine the crack path. The cohesive law includes softening and unloading to origin, adhesion and contact. Pure debonding and contact are obtained as particular (degenerate) cases. A smooth root‐finding algorithm (based on the trust‐region method) is adopted. A step‐driven algorithm is described with a smoothed law which can be made arbitrarily close to the exact non‐smooth law. In the examples shown the results were found to be step‐size insensitive and accurate. In addition, the method provides the crack advance law, extracted from the cohesive law and the absence of stress singularity at the tip. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Decay and survivability of entanglement in two-dimensional ionic motions

This contribution describes some new features of quantum entanglement in a single three-level trapped ion confined in a two-dimensional (2D) harmonic potential. The dynamical properties of quantum entanglement are studied in terms of the reduced-density linear entropy considering two specific initial states of the field. Allowing the instantaneous position of the centre-of-mass motion of the ion to be explicitly time dependent, it is shown that either sudden death of entanglement or survivability of quantum entanglement can be obtained with a specific choice of the initial state parameters. The difference in evolution picture corresponding to the multi-quanta processes is discussed.     

Complementarity of two impact assessment tools: the case of a hydroelectric power plant in one of Africa’s last hardwood forests in eastern Cameroon

Abstract

Two impact assessment tools, Toro’s recent method and Leopold’s matrix, were used in a complementary manner to predict the impacts of constructing a hydroelectric power plant in eastern Cameroon. We chose these two tools because of their relative simplicity, objectivity and good weighting of environmental indicator values compared to others. While the recent Toro’s method was more effective in terms of predicting impact importance, we found that the old Leopold’s matrix is still best in terms of determining the magnitude of impacts of project activities, i.e. extensiveness. These methodologies can be used in a complementary manner because they give a good weighting of indicator values of importance and extensiveness of the environment. Methodologies too complicated should be avoided. Finally, we recommend that projects predicted to affect habitats of high conservation value be displaced, or if not possible, abandoned because such areas are of great importance for the maintenance of biodiversity and environmental stability of our planet.     

非线性互补问题的光滑化拟牛顿算法

为求解非线性互补问题,给出了一种新的基于光滑对称扰动Fischer-Burmeister函数的光滑化拟牛顿算法。该算法利用了无导数线搜索。数值实验表明,算法是有效的。