我国有色金属挤压装备现状及技术创新与发展趋向

简要介绍有色金属特别是铜、铝、镁合金挤压加工材工业和技术发展现状,论述国内外挤压装备,特别是挤压机的发展概况,分析了我国铜、铝、镁合金挤压装备的现状及技术创新与研发新动向。     

海洋工程结构防护涂层体系中漆膜的润湿性与抗氯离子渗透性

选择典型防护涂层体系中涂料产品,实验室测试了漆膜的润湿性和抗氯离子渗透性。结果表明,氯离子的渗透量与涂层厚度有关;涂层成膜物及涂料中的颜、填料都影响涂层的润湿性,颜、填料的形状影响氯离子渗透的情况还需要进一步试验和讨论。     

规则织构化硅片表面的制备及其润湿行为

采用感应耦合等离子体刻蚀技术实现了不同形状和几何参数的规则织构化硅片表面的构筑与制备。主要以三种典型的规则织构包括圆柱状、圆坑状和沟槽状表面为研究对象,系统考察了织构形状和几何参数对表面润湿行为的影响规律。研究结果表明:随着织构高度、深度和表面覆盖率的增加,规则织构化硅片表面疏水性能增强,规则织构化表面疏水性能随着表面粗糙度的增加而增强。不同的几何形貌对硅片表面接触角的影响强度是不同的,相对于柱状与沟槽状织构,坑状织构在较小的表面粗糙度时可得到较大的接触角。当表面的接触角均为101°时,坑状、柱状、沟槽状织构的表面粗糙度分别为16.2 nm,29.2 nm和70.2 nm。     

波前传感器电铸镍层应力实时检测精度评估

目的 搭建电铸应力实时检测平台,评估其测量精度,并探明电化学沉积过程中镍层平均内应力的变化规律。方法 采用横向剪切波前传感器搭建电铸应力实时检测平台,通过测量在铸层应力作用下电铸基底弯曲的曲率半径,利用Stoney公式计算铸层平均应力。采用参考球面反射镜评估横向剪切波前传感器曲率半径的测量精度,并在0.5 A/dm2电流密度下进行电铸应力实时检测实验,对铸层平均应力测量极限进行评估,同时对检测误差进行分析。结果 横向波前传感器曲率半径测量精度为99.22%,在0.5 A/dm2电流密度下,所搭建的铸层应力实时检测平台可测量的最小厚度为5.1 μm,由曲率测量波动带来的应力检测误差为1.3 MPa。实验测得铸层平均应力随铸层厚度的增加而变大,当铸层厚度达到30 μm左右,铸层平均应力趋于稳定,应力大小为79.7 MPa。同时发现,当铸层厚度小于30 μm时,沿电铸基底长度方向的铸层平均应力明显大于宽度方向铸层平均应力,随铸层厚度的增加,两个方向的应力大小趋于等值。结论 采用横向剪切波前传感器搭建的电铸应力检测平台,能有效对铸层应力进行高精度的实时测量,为精密电铸过程中应力变化规律的研究提供了检测技术基础。     

ZnO-Al_2O_3-B_2O_3-SiO_2系微晶玻璃与可伐合金的润湿性能

研制了一种新型的与可伐熔封的ZnO-Al_2O_3-B_2O_3-SiO_2系微晶玻璃,研究了不同工艺条件下微晶玻璃与可伐合金间的润湿角大小,结果表明,熔封气氛和熔封温度对润湿性能影响很大,熔封时间影响最小.采用最佳的工艺条件,其润湿性能与现有的其它玻璃润湿性能相似.同时发现玻璃与可伐合金间的润湿角保持在10°～30°之间能得到质量良好的熔封产品.在基本不改变传统工艺制度的条件下,可完成锌铝硼硅系微晶玻璃与可伐合金的熔封,即利用排蜡过程同时完成微晶玻璃的形核,熔封后在稍低温度保温或减慢冷却速度可以完成微晶玻璃的结晶过程.锌铝硼硅系微晶玻璃与预氧化可伐合金的封接依靠玻璃中的SiO_2与FeO或Fe_3O4发生界面反应形成牢固的结合.     

合金元素Ga对Sn-9Zn无铅钎料性能的影响

研究了合金元素Ga的添加量对Sn-9Zn无铅钎料熔化特性、润湿性能及其焊点力学性能的影响.结果表明,添加合金元素Ga以后,合金的熔点显著降低,熔化温度区间有所增大,润湿性能得到明显改善;合金元素Ga的添加量(质量分数)在0.5%时,钎料的晶粒组织最为细小均匀,钎料焊点的力学性能最佳;当合金元素Ga的添加量大于1%时,钎料的润湿性能趋于稳定,钎料组织中晶界处出现黑色富Ga相,钎料焊点的力学性能大幅度降低.因此,Sn-9Zn无铅钎料中合金元素Ga的最佳添加量为0.5%.     

消除敞开式阳极焙烧炉浸雨隐患的处理方法

针对砌筑过程中受雨水浸湿后的敞开式阳极焙烧炉,给出启动烘炉前必须采取的特殊处理方法。经实践证明,此方法能够消除可能造成的焙烧炉质量问题。     

Wetting kinetics of SiC nanoparticle reinforced Sn-Pb eutectic solders

SiC nanoparticles reinforced eutectic Sn-Pb solder were prepared by mechanical mixing method. Reactive wetting of the resultant composite solders on Cu substrates was investigated using real time, in-situ visualization of the triple-line movement. It was found that spreading rates of all solder pastes in this work do not obey Tanner's law of non-reactive spreading. SiC nano-particles slow down both the pre-melting and post-melting spreading rates of composite solder pastes. As the content of SiC nano-particles increase, the melting point of composite solders decrease, and the spreading time of molten composite solder pastes increases.     

Wetting between molten iron and prereduced ilmenite with carbon

An interfacial study between molten iron and the prereduced ilmenite with carbon was conducted at different melting temperatures by the sessile droplet method. The wetting characteristics between molten iron and the prereduced ilmenites with carbon were investigated by measuring contact angle of the droplet of molten iron on the prereduced ilmenite substrate. The images of the interface were also examined by the optical microscope and SEM equipped with EDS. The volume of molten iron increased with the melting temperature increasing when titania or high-content titania slag was used as the substrate. The contact angle decreased with the melting temperature increasing and it was independent on time at constant temperature. The contact angle was positively correlated with the reduction degree of the ilmenite, but the work of adhesion was negatively correlated with it. Higher smelting temperature was beneficial to the separation of iron and Ti oxides. The permeability of molten iron into the prereduced ilmenite with carbon was more obvious with reduction degree increasing owing to the high porosity of prereduced ilmenite.     

Wetting agent investigation for controlling dust of lead-zinc ores

The purpose of this project is to control the pollution of dust,which occurred in a typical lead-zinc mine.Two kinds of surfactants and water glass were chosen as the wetting agents to study the behaviours of suppressing the dust.The performances of the wetting agents of various sizes and water content of dust and their compositions among different weting agents were investigated. Firstly,the chemical compounds,dispersity,water content,bulk density and other relevant physico-chemical properties of the choiced dust of lead-zinc ore were mensurated.A great number of down-ward penetrating tests were conducted to different partical sizes of dust and to analyze the dust wetting behaviour respectively.The optimal compositions of wetting agents were obtained in accordance with different water contents and partical sizes of the dust after analyzing and statisting the achieved experimental data. The data show that the efficiency of chemical dust suppression of weting agents is much better than that of water.The results of the research work prove that the partical size and the water content of the dust are very important factors to the dust suppression.The results are also proved validly by the dropping experiment,which takes the penetrating diameter and penetrating time as the major factors.The superfine dust is much more difficult to be wetted.Since increasing the water content of dust is the best approach to control it,the choice of wetting agents for improving dispensation is significant.