基于FPGA和EPP的芯片测试电路设计

提出了一种基于FPGA和EPP并口的模数转换器芯片测试电路设计。通过FPGA实现了对待测试芯片的数据读出和控制,并将数据进行相关处理,再通过EPP并口模块与计算机系统连接,实现了待测试芯片与计算机的双向通信,其通信速率达到1.2MB/s。在介绍芯片测试电路各个模块电路的基础上,详细讲述了测试芯片所集成的2种模数转换器电路、信号处理电路以及EPP并口的功能及实现原理。本设计已经应用于实际的芯片测试系统中,其性能良好,工作稳定,达到了预期的设计目标。     

适用于研究低能裂变碎片电荷分布的探测器装置

为研究²⁵²Cf自发裂变碎片电荷分布，建立了由屏栅电离室和ΔE-E粒子望远镜构成的探测器系统。在该系统中，将薄的屏栅电离室作为碎片的ΔE探测器，E探测器是金硅面垒半导体探测器。通过分析实验测量的4参数关联数据，得到了²⁵²Cf自发裂变碎片质量数、动能及碎片在气体ΔE探测器中的能量沉积分布等物理量。用多高斯（multi-Gaussian）分布函数对ΔE探测器的能量响应函数进行最小二乘法拟合，得到了在固定质量数A^*_L和动能条件下轻碎片的电荷分布。结果表明：该探测器系统的电荷分辨能力Z/ΔZ约为40∶1；建立起来的测量技术可用于测定²³⁵U(n,f)和²³⁹Pu(n,f)反应碎片的电荷分布。     

Embedded cluster Δ-XANES modeling of adsorption processes on Pt

Full multiple scattering models of X-ray absorption near edge spectra of Pt Janin clusters, with atop and bridge bound oxygen, were systematically improved by increasing the number of cluster atoms contributing X-ray photoelectrons from unity (limited-absorber model), to all six Janin cluster Pt atoms, and finally embedding the Janin cluster into a larger Pt reservoir with photoelectron contributions from all atoms. The simulated XANES of the adsorbate modified clusters were subtractively normalized to their respective clean clusters to yield Δ-XANES signatures. The sequential analysis of previously published limited-absorber model, and the isolated and embedded all atoms models provide insights concerning the relative contribution of surface vs. subsurface atoms to adsorbate induced ligand effects and charge compensation provided by the bulk lattice. Limitations to the application of Δ-XANES signatures to interpretation of Δ-XANES data obtained from an air-breathing fuel cell are discussed.     

The influence of hydrogen production on the formation of metabolic pathways and regulation of ΔpH in Escherichia coli

Hydrogen (H₂) metabolism in Escherichia coli occurs via reversible membrane-associated hydrogenase enzymes (Hyd). Hyd-3 and Hyd-4 with formate dehydrogenase H (FDH-H) form formate hydrogen lyase complexes. The changes of metabolic pathways and ΔpH (pH_in-pH_ex) regulation during fermentation of glucose, glycerol and formate in non H₂-producing hypF (lack of all Hyds) and fdhF (lack of FDH-H) mutants at pH 7.5 were investigated. It was shown that specific growth rate was higher by ～23% in hypF and fdhF, compared to wild type (wt), suggesting the negative effect of H₂ on bacterial growth. Moreover, it was shown that H₂ generation did not have a vital role in glucose and glycerol utilization rate at 0–72 h. The utilization of external formate was detected in wt (～2.6 mM) and hypF (～0.68 mM), but not in fdhF, due to the absence of enzyme responsible for formate metabolism. Nevertheless, the changes in ΔpH were not evident at 3 h. The ratio of generated end-products and regulation of ΔpH at late log (6 h) and exponential phase (24, 72 h) were various in hypF and fdhF due to formate disproportionation in hypF and proton generation, therewith absence of H₂ generation. Taken together it can be concluded that bacteria regulate generation of fermentation end-products via balancing the concentration of acids and ethanol to maintain ΔpH and redox potential values. The results obtained are important for development and regulation of H₂ production technology when applying mixed carbon sources.     

汽轮机转子钢断裂韧度试验方法的研究

采用载荷分离法和多试样法对汽轮机某高压转子钢材料在高温下的断裂韧度值进行了测试,讨论了载荷分离法测断裂韧度的可靠性.并与传统的多试样法进行了对比.     

高精度电容式MEMS加速度计系统设计

在传统Σ-Δ架构基础上,引入了低精度高速模/数转换器(ADC),将前置放大器输出的模拟电压信号转换为数字信号,有利于简化电容式微电子机械系统(MEMS)加速度计系统模拟接口电路设计.在嵌入ADC的MEMS加速度系统中,采用过采样平均数字算法对信号进行估计,有效降低系统对前置放大器噪声性能的需求,利于实现低功耗和高精度的设计目标.仿真结果表明:与未采用过采样平均技术相比,当前置放大器输出等效噪声大于1μV/Hz时,系统的信噪比(SNR)提高了约10dB.     

Time-dependent analysis of RC frame structures considering construction sequences

This paper deals with a time-dependent analysis of reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures considering the construction sequences. Because of the non-mechanical deformations induced by the time-dependent deformations of concrete, concrete structures usually present different behaviors when the construction sequences are changed, despite having the same structural configurations. Therefore, the time-dependent effects of concrete such as creep and shrinkage must be taken into consideration to simulate the actual behavior of RC frame structures. The material nonlinearity including the cracking of concrete is taken into consideration, and geometric nonlinearity due to the P-Δ$\mathrm{\Delta }$ effect is also taken into account by using the initial stress matrix. In addition, the creep deformation of concrete is described in accordance with a first-order algorithm based on the expansion of a degenerated kernel of the compliance function. Finally, correlation studies with previous numerical results and experimental data are conducted to verify the validity of the proposed model. An analysis of a 10-story RC frame structure is carried out to assess the differences in structural responses according to the construction sequences.     

Time between events control charts for gamma distribution

Modern and emerging techniques of technology have brought a revolution in quality inspection of products. When events in highly efficient production processes occur rarely, it requires to inspect and monitor the time between occurrence of these events (TBE). The exponential and gamma distributions are commonly used models for time between events (TBE) data. In this article, a new monitoring scheme has been established for TBE data based on exponential and gamma distributions. In a previous research, transformation-based control charts have been developed for TBE. The proposed study is aimed to use the exact probability distribution of charting statistic rather than applying transformations to data and this has remained still unaddressed. Average run length (ARL) and percentage decrease in ARL (ΔARL) have been calculated using Monte Carlo simulations and the proposed monitoring method has been compared with existing techniques applied to transformed data. The proposed scheme provides a simpler design structure and better performance on different sample sizes in identifying annoying process variations. Further, the technique has been applied to simulated and real-life data sets of time between manufacturing plant accidents to highlight the worth and particle applicability of the proposed work.     

A low-complexity low-spurs digital architecture for wideband PLL applications

This paper presents a non-ideality analysis of the wideband frequency synthesizer, and proposes a new digital architecture for signal modulation and quantization. Using error masking strategy, this method can offer smaller routing area and less power consumption without sacrificing any system performance. Simulation results confirm the theoretical predictions. Finally, the design guidelines are derived to fulfill the customized synthesizer specifications.     

Examination of acid-base properties of alumina treated with silane coupling agents, by using inverse gas chromatography

This study examined the specific component of the free energy of adsorption, − ΔG_A^SP, of the untreated and four types of silane coupling agent-treated alumina powders using inverse gas chromatography (IGC) by employing the adsorption of several polar and non-polar probes onto their surfaces at various temperatures. The acid-base properties of the untreated and surface-treated alumina powders were quantified using their K_A and K_D parameters, which reflect the ability of a surface to act as an electron acceptor and donor, respectively. The surface of the untreated alumina was found to be amphoteric and was able to function as both an electron acceptor and donor. The acid-base properties of the alumina surfaces treated with γ-glycidoxy propyl trimethoxy silane (GMS) and γ-amino propyl triethoxy silane (AES) were slightly basic, and those of the alumina surfaces treated with γ-methacryloxy propyl trimethoxy silane (MTMS) and γ-mercapto propyl trimethoxy silane (MCMS) were amphoteric.