Non-complete relief method for measuring surface stresses in surrounding rocks

The measurement of surface stresses in surrounding rocks with the use of a relief method of annular hole-drilling was studied by numerical analysis. The stress relief process by hole-drilling was then simulated with the use of finite element method. The influences of the borehole diameter（d）, the initial stresses and the ratio of the initial principle stresses on the variations of the remained stress and the released stress in function of the relief depth（h） were discussed. The relation between the non-dimensional ratio of the released principle strains and that of the initial principle stresses, and the effect of the elastic modulus and the Poisson ratio of the rock mass on the stress relief curves were studied. The results show that the stress relief behavior formulated with the non-dimensional ratio of the released stress and the ratio of h/d is only sensitive to the ratio of the initial principle stresses and the Poisson ratio. The stresses are completely released when h equals 1.6d, and the tensile stresses take place on the bore core surface in the relief measurement process. Finally, a non-complete relief method of annular hole-drilling for measuring surface stress in surrounding rocks is proposed and the procedure is presented.     

Stress analytical solution for plane problem of a double-layered thick-walled cylinder subjected to a type of non-uniform distributed pressure

The stress state around circular openings,such as boreholes,shafts,and tunnels,is usually needed to be evaluated.Solutions for stresses,strains and ultimate bearing capacities of pressurized hollow cylinder are common cases.Stress analytical method for plane problem of a double-layered thick-walled cylinder subjected to a type of non-uniform pressure on the outer surface and uniform radial pressure on the inner surface is given.The power series method of complex function is used.The stress analytical solution is obtained with the assumption that two layers of a cylinder are fully contacted.The distributions of normal and tangential contact stress along the interface,tangential stress on the inner boundary and stresses in the radial direction at θ=0,45 and 90,are obtained.An example indicates that,when the elastic modulus of the inner layer of a double-layered thick-walled cylinder is smaller than that of the outer layer,the tangential stress is smaller than that in the corresponding point for a traditional cylinder composed of homogeneous materials.In that way,stress concentration at the inner surface can be alleviated and the stress distribution is more uniform.This is a capable way to enhance the elastic ultimate bearing capacity of thick-walled cylinder.     

Influence of lateral initial pressure on axisymmetric wave propagation in hollow cylinder based on first powerhypo-elastic model简

Influence of identical applied initial pressures on the radial surfaces of a hollow cylinder which is compose of materials with first power hypo-elastic constitutive model was investigated.The basic equations of the problem were built up based on the framework of piecewise homogeneous body model with the use of three-dimensional linearized theory of elastic waves in initially stressed bodies（TLTEWISB）.With the method proposed previously,this problem was then solved numerically.Moreover,the dispersion group velocity of the lowest order mode with different initial pressures was also studied.It can be concluded that the initial pressure and the geometry parameters will induce considerable changes of different degrees in dispersive relation between phase velocity and wave number in opposite trend（positive in initial pressure and negative in thickness）.     

A hardware-based algorithm for virtual machine provisioning in a private cloud

Cloud computing is becoming a key factor in the market day by day. Therefore, many companies are investing or going to invest in this sector for development of large data centers. These data centers not only consume more energy but also produce greenhouse gases. Because of large amount of power consumption, data center providers go for different types of power generator to increase the profit margin which indirectly affects the environment. Several studies are carried out to reduce the power consumption of a data center. One of the techniques to reduce power consumption is virtualization. After several studies, it is stated that hardware plays a very important role. As the load increases, the power consumption of the CPU is also increased. Therefore, by extending the study of virtualization to reduce the power consumption, a hardware-based algorithm for virtual machine provisioning in a private cloud can significantly improve the performance by considering hardware as one of the important factors.     

煤化学链燃烧颗粒流动反应的数值模拟

针对化学链燃烧气固反应速率的影响因素复杂未知的问题,本文建立了碳粒与CaSO4载氧体颗粒在水蒸气气氛下的数理模型,并利用Fluent进行数值计算,从微观上分析了温度和压力的改变,对颗粒间化学链燃烧反应速率、CO2生成速率以及载氧体表面固相生成物沉积速率的影响。分析结果表明,提高反应器内的温度和压力,均加快了CaSO4载氧体颗粒表面CaS的沉积速率,且压力的提高在很大程度上促进了沉积速率的增加,而沉积覆盖在载氧体表面上的CaS导致了反应速率的下降。该研究有利于高纯度CO2气体的捕集,从而达到减排的目的,对化学链反应速率的控制具有重要意义。     

水翼剖面多目标粒子群算法优化

船舶螺旋桨及舵均由水翼剖面组成,为了提高桨、舵的水动力性能,需要对水翼进行优化设计,以便得到水动力性能更好的桨及舵。提出一种基于线性权重处理的多目标优化算法,以降低阻升比和改善水翼表面压力分布为优化目标,将其应用到多目标水翼优化中。分别选取不同的攻角、不同翼型和不同的翼型表达函数进行优化设计。优化后得到的新翼型相对于原始翼型,具有低阻生比和较低的最小负压力系数,提高了翼型的升力效率和空泡性能。因此,验证了提出的多目标粒子群算法能够应用到多目标翼型优化设计的可行性。     

特征线坐标系下柱对称超音速流膨胀波计算方法研究

在静压圆盘止推气体轴承柱对称超音速流膨胀波系的计算中,借鉴Liepmann的特征线坐标系与自然坐标系变换理论和Liepmann引入两个黎曼不变量的方法,使得边界条件的处理更为直观和简便。采用特征线坐标系下的特征线法,推导计算该膨胀波系所用到的基本计算公式,将其应用于 P-M 流动并与 P-M 流动理论解进行比较。结果表明,数值计算结果与P-M流动理论解吻合,该计算方法可行。     

油罐水高智能测量装置研究

原油在开采和加工过程中必须除去原油中的水分,以减少在输送和储存过程中的浪费,确保输送、加工过程中的安全。因此,油罐底部水在线监测对原油生产和管理具有重要意义。油罐水高智能测量装置通过石油密度计、浮球式液位仪、压力传感器的在线测得参数,利用这3个参数关系,通过PLC编程计算实现对油罐中油水混合状态下底部水高的在线实时自动监测。这对于在石油脱水和存储过程中及时排放罐底水提供技术支持。     

新疆油田致密油火北探区钻井提速技术探索

准噶尔盆地火山岩地层可钻性差,机械钻速慢,是制约油田勘探开发的主要瓶颈,多年来一直在探索有效的提速技术.火北探区断裂发育,火北断裂上盘石炭系推覆体厚度跨度大,岩性复杂;二叠系平地泉组云质砂泥岩互层,钻头选型困难,断裂带附近地层倾角大,存在机械钻速慢,防斜打快矛盾突出,钻井周期长等难点.为了加快火北探区致密油勘探步伐,试验应用了高速螺杆＋孕镶PDC钻头,垂直钻井系统及气体钻井等技术.现场实钻表明,与常规钻井液条件下的提速技术相比,气体钻井在火北石炭系和二叠系平地泉组提速效果显著,平均机械钻速达到5.0m/h以上,是常规钻井的4倍左右.气体钻井在火北探区的成功应用,将对准噶尔盆地火山岩地层的钻井提速起到积极的推动作用.     

冷热源空间位置对水系统循环的影响

通过供暖水系统和空调冷热水系统的实例计算,将重力循环压力、冷热源在系统中的位置及系统的质调节与量调节结合在一起进行分析.结果表明,冷热源的空间位置影响重力循环的形成和水循环方向;在系统质、量调节运行中,因冷热源的空间位置的不同,重力循环压力对管网系统垂直失调产生较大影响.