灭菌型花生豆腐商品化生产工艺

以花生为主要原料研究花生豆腐商品的生产工艺。重点研究高酰基结冷胶(high acyl,HA)/低酰基结冷胶(low acyl,LA)、乙酸钙、卡拉胶、单甘酯和煮浆温度对花生浆液凝胶形成和凝胶特性的影响。单因素试验结果表明,质量分数0.05%和0.1%的乙酸钙分别与HA或卡拉胶配合对胶凝作用影响不明显;而与质量分数0.2%～0.3%以上的LA配合时对凝胶形成和凝胶性质改进明显有利;由正交试验可知,HA/LA复配物、乙酸钙对凝胶体的强度,耐热性、耐沸腾冲击性有显著影响,最佳胶凝工艺条件为0.1%乙酸钙、0.2% LA、0.2% HA、0.1%卡拉胶、0.1%单甘酯,85℃煮浆50min;确定商品化生产工艺为：制备优质花生浆液,经乳化、均质,按最佳胶凝工艺条件加入胶凝剂,升温至85℃后加入乙酸钙,恒温至50min冷却、包装密封、100℃二次灭菌、冷却。所得花生豆腐产品感官品质和质构特性优异,常温下货架期为2d。     

复合激发剂对铜炉渣活性影响及充填材料制备

为了实现铜炉渣的废物利用,以碱激发方式为主研究铜炉渣制备矿用胶凝材料的可能性.选取生石灰、NaOH和早强剂组成的混合物作为复合激发剂,开展铜炉渣活性激发和充填材料制备试验,并采用X射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜对铜炉渣水化产物进行分析.试验结果表明,各激发剂对铜炉渣活性的影响顺序依次为生石灰 > 早强剂 > NaOH,在复合激发剂的作用下炉渣净浆试样的7和28 d强度分别可以达到1.5和3.0 MPa以上.铜炉渣尾砂充填料28 d强度为1.0 MPa,流动性良好,满足充填材料要求.铜炉渣早期水化产物主要有片状的Ca(OH)₂和C-S-H凝胶,随着养护时间的增加,C-S-H凝胶Ca/Si比不断减小,水化产物结构更加致密.养护时间至28 d时,铜炉渣中活性成分基本反应完全.      

无机胶凝成型活性炭的制备及性能研究

用水泥熟料作胶凝剂,探讨粉末活性炭的成型及性能。通过引入硅微粉与采取蒸压养护措施提高材料强度、缩短制备周期;用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察微观形貌,用抗压强度、碘吸附值、气孔率、吸水率、含炭量等指标评价试样的综合性能。研究结果表明,将70%(质量分数)活性炭粉末、25%(质量分数)水泥熟料粉末与5%(质量分数)硅微粉充分混合均匀后,造粒、成型,在195℃蒸压釜中养护6h,可制得性能良好的无机胶凝成型活性炭材料;试样的物理性能:碘吸附值为551.72mg/g,抗压强度为7.25MPa,炭含量为58.48%,气孔率为57.34%,吸水率为69.42%。     

胶凝剂对Sol-Gel法合成PZT95／5粉体的影响

在以无机盐为主要反应前驱物、水为主要溶剂的溶胶一凝胶法制备PzT95/5粉体中,胶凝剂具有重要的作用.研究表明:胶凝剂主要起到调节溶液pH值的作用.可影响溶胶和凝胶的形成,并影响凝胶的微观结构和PZT粉体的性能;当选用氨水为凝胶剂时,控制pH值在3.5～4.0时对溶胶-凝胶的形成有利,且在700℃/2.5h煅烧后能合成单一钙钛矿相PZT95/5粉体,粉体粒度细且均匀.     

凝胶淀粉的理化特性研究

用凝胶淀粉中试产品进行理化特性分析:包括粘度测定、热糊与冷糊稳定性;不同pH值、糖、盐存在下淀粉粘度曲线与凝胶强度以及冻融稳定性;颗粒形貌、红外光谱和X-射线分析等。结果表明:本品是一种易分散于冷水,加热易糊化成均匀透明胶体液,其热、冷糊稳定性高;在低或高pH值范围内,用糖或不用糖,不用硬化用盐类均能胶凝。凝胶强度强,尤其耐酸性特好;冻融稳定性增强,保水性亦好;凝胶淀粉与天然淀粉颗粒形貌几乎没有差别,表明交联、水解反应只在淀粉颗粒的表面进行。晶体结构也未发生变化。     

营养保健型荠菜山楂软糖的研制

以荠菜和山楂为主要原料研制了具有天然营养保健特点的软糖，在单因素试验的基础上运用正交试验法筛选出最佳配方。结果表明，荠菜汁20％，山楂汁10％，白砂糖为20％、柠檬酸为0．1％，明胶4％、琼脂0．5％时可研制出组织状态、色泽和口感均优良的软糖。     

Break-up characteristics of gelled propellant simulants with various gelling agent contents

Gel propulsion systems have many advantages with respect to high performance, the energy management of liquid propulsion systems, storability, high density impulse, and low leakage of liquid propellants. The atomization process provides sufficient contact surface area between the gelled fuel and oxidizer jets. It is important to study how injection characteristics of gelled propellants are related with break-up and spray distribution. The break-up and mixing processes are very important in achieving maximum efficiency and necessitate the careful study of combustion instability. Gelled propellants are non-Newtonian fluids in which the viscosity is a function of the shear rate, and they have a high dynamic shear viscosity which depends on the amount of gelling agent contents. The present study has focused on the break-up process, wave development of ligament and liquid sheets formed by impinging jets with various gelling agent contents. Especially, the break-up processes of the impinging jets at the initial conditions are studied. The break-up process of like-on-like doublet impinging jets are experimentally characterized using non-Newtonian liquids which are mixed by ionized water 98.5 wt%, Carbopol 941 0.5wt% or 1.0wt%, and NaOH（concentration 10%） 1.0wt%. For the like-on-like doublet injector, the generation of a liquid sheet at the impinging point of two jets was observed. The spray shape with elliptical pattern is distributed in a perpendicular direction to the momentum vectors of the jets. Gelled propellant simulants with high viscosity jets are more stable and produce less pronounced surface waves than low viscosity jets. Generally, the break-up length decreased due to the increasing Reynolds number. However, surface waves and atomized droplets increased. Gelled propellant simulants from like-on-like doublet impinging jets have the spray shape of closed rim patterns at low pressure. Also, the rim patterns of spray have no disturbances on the spray sheet. As the injection pressure increased, rimless patterns which were composed of ligament sheets and small droplets emerged due to the effect of the aerodynamic action. Periodic wave-like structures observed from the near impingement point and atomized droplets were observed at a location further downstream.     

粉煤灰细砂胶结充填应用技术的研究

针对新桥硫铁矿胶结充填成本高、强度低等现状,提出了以部分粉煤灰替代水泥作为胶凝剂的方案,通过系统的试验研究,确定了关键技术参数,为提高胶结充填质量、降低充填成本奠定了基础。     

甘薯叶糕的研制

研究了甘薯叶糕的生产工艺,对比了多种胶凝剂的使用效果,采用正交试验法对产品配方及生产工艺条件进行了优化.结果表明:以琼脂 卡拉胶(质量比3:4)为胶凝剂,具有良好的加工性能,产品外观及风味良好;优选的产品配方及生产工艺条件为:甘薯叶浆250g,淀粉12g,复合胶2.5%,蔗糖70g,干燥温度55℃.     

国内外酸化用胶凝剂的发展及应用现状

胶凝酸酸化技术目前已被广泛认为是一种有效的、先进的增加油气产量的增产措施.胶凝酸研究的关键在于胶凝剂的研究.对国内外酸化用胶凝剂发展及应用现状进行了综述,并阐述了胶凝剂的作用机理以及国内外的使用技术.